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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2026-077</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-10024</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИММУНОЛОГИЯ/АЛЛЕРГОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ALLERGOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вторичные иммунодефициты: анализ применения средств с иммунотропной активностью в реальной клинической практике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Secondary immunodeficiencies: Analysis of the use of agents with immunotropic activity in clinical practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5793-5753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скороходкина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skorokhodkina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скороходкина Олеся Валерьевна, д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой клинической иммунологии с аллергологией</p><p>420012, Республика Татарстан, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya V. Skorokhodkina, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Clinical Immunology with Allergology</p><p>49, Butlerov St., Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olesya-27@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8875-5763</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцева</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantseva</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Румянцева Алена Евгеньевна, ассистент кафедры клинической иммунологии с аллергологией</p><p>420012, Республика Татарстан, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena E. Rumyantseva, Assistant of the Department of Clinical Immunology with Allergology</p><p>49, Butlerov St., Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rev.28.03.00@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2552-2107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лунцов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Luntsov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лунцов Алексей Владимирович, к.м.н., врач – аллерголог-иммунолог, заведующий Республиканским центром клинической иммунологии</p><p>420064, Республика Татарстан, Казань, ул. Оренбургский тракт, д. 138</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Luntsov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Allergist- Immunologist, Head of the Republican Department of Clinical Immunology</p><p>138, Orenburgskiy Tract, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">luntsov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6811-4966</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камашева</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamasheva</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Камашева Гульнара Рашитовна, к.м.н., доцент, доцент кафедры клинической иммунологии с аллергологией</p><p>420012, Республика Татарстан, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gulnara R. Kamasheva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Clinical Immunology with Allergology</p><p>49, Butlerov St., Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gulnara.kamasheva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5262-8420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волкова Дарья Александровна, к.м.н., ассистент кафедры клинической иммунологии с аллергологией, Казанский государственный медицинский университет; врач – аллерголог-иммунолог Республиканского центра клинической иммунологии, Республиканская клиническая больница</p><p>420012, Республика Татарстан, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49; </p><p>420064, Республика Татарстан, Казань, ул. Оренбургский тракт, д. 138</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria A. Volkova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Clinical Immunology with Allergology, Kazan State Medical University; Allergist-Immunologist of Republican Department of Clinical Immunology, Republican Clinical Hospital</p><p>49, Butlerov St., Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420012;</p><p>138, Orenburgskiy Tract, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volkdash190296@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет; &#13;
Республиканская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Medical University; &#13;
Republican Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>103</fpage><lpage>111</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Скороходкина О.В., Румянцева А.Е., Лунцов А.В., Камашева Г.Р., Волкова Д.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Скороходкина О.В., Румянцева А.Е., Лунцов А.В., Камашева Г.Р., Волкова Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Skorokhodkina O.V., Rumyantseva A.E., Luntsov A.V., Kamasheva G.R., Volkova D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/10024">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/10024</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Рост числа вторичных иммунодефицитных состояний (ВИДС), обусловленный старением населения, ростом хронической патологии и активным применением иммуносупрессивной терапии при ряде заболеваний (гематологические, онкологические, ревматологические, неврологические и др.), диктует необходимость своевременной комплексной диагностики и лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Проанализировать опыт применения средств с иммунотропной активностью при различных формах ВИДС в реальной клинической практике.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ медицинской документации 153 пациентов, обратившихся за медицинской помощью с диагнозом ВИДС.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У 98,7% пациентов верифицирована индуцированная форма ВИДС. Наиболее частыми причинами были онкогематологические заболевания, хронические вирусные и бактериальные инфекции, в меньшей степени аутоиммунные и хронические заболевания с нарушением метаболизма, поражениями желудочно-кишечного тракта, снижением нутритивного статуса и хронической болезнью почек. У 1,3% пациентов, направленных с диагнозом ВИДС, был установлен диагноз «Общая вариабельная иммунная недостаточность». Ведущим клиническим проявлением ВИДС были частые, торпидные к стандартным схемам терапии инфекции. Иммунологическое обследование пациентов выявило нарушения показателей преимущественно фагоцитарного звена иммунной системы, что обосновало включение в комплексное лечение препаратов, оказывающих влияние на систему фагоцитоза. При этом у 53% пациентов в качестве препарата выбора был назначен высокомолекулярный иммуномодулятор – азоксимера бромид.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Значительное число пациентов имели индуцированную форму ВИДС с нарушением фагоцитарного звена иммунного ответа, при котором обоснованным является включение в комплексную терапию иммунотропных препаратов, воздействующих на фагоцитарное звено иммунитета, в т. ч. азоксимера бромида, что способствует разрешению симптомов ВИДС и позволяет улучшить течение основного заболевания.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>IIntroduction</title><p>IIntroduction. The increase in the number of secondary immunodeficiency conditions, driven by population aging, the rise in chronic pathology, and the active use of immunosuppressive therapy for a number of diseases (hematological, oncological, rheumatological, neurological, etc.), dictates the need for timely comprehensive diagnosis and treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To analyse the experience of using agents with immunotropic activity in various forms of secondary immunodeficiency (SID) in clinical practice.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of medical records of 153 patients seeking medical help with a diagnosis of SID was performed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. An induced form of SID was verified in 98.7% of patients. The most common causes were oncohematological diseases, chronic viral and bacterial infections, and to a lesser extent autoimmune and chronic diseases with metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal lesions, reduced nutritional status, and chronic kidney disease. In 1.3% of patients referred with a diagnosis of SID, the diagnosis of Common Variable Immune Deficiency was established. The leading clinical manifestation of SID was frequent infections refractory to standard therapy regimens. Immunological examination of patients revealed abnormalities predominantly in the phagocytic component of the immune system, which justified the inclusion of drugs affecting the phagocytosis system in the comprehensive treatment. In 53% of patients, the high-molecular-weight immunomodulator azoximer bromide was the drug of choice.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. A significant number of patients had an induced form of SID with impairment of the phagocytic component of the immune response. The inclusion of immunotropic drugs targeting the phagocytic immunity, including azoximer bromide, in the comprehensive therapy is justified. This approach contributes to the resolution of SID symptoms and improves the course of the underlying disease.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вторичное иммунодефицитное состояние</kwd><kwd>инфекционный синдром</kwd><kwd>фагоцитоз</kwd><kwd>иммунотропная терапия</kwd><kwd>азоксимера бромид</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>secondary immunodeficiency</kwd><kwd>infection syndrome</kwd><kwd>phagocytosis</kwd><kwd>immunotropic therapy</kwd><kwd>azoximer bromide</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Латышева ТВ. Вторичные иммунодефицитные состояния. В: Хаитов РМ, Ильина НИ (ред.). Аллергология и иммунология: национальное руководство. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2009. С. 365–395.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Латышева ТВ. Вторичные иммунодефицитные состояния. В: Хаитов РМ, Ильина НИ (ред.). 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