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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2026-073</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-10099</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Профессиональное выгорание врачей: причины, последствия и профилактика на индивидуальном, организационном и системном уровнях (научно-практический обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Professional burnout of doctors: Causes, consequences and prevention at individual, organizational and systemic levels (scientific and practical review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5623-4226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селиверстов</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seliverstov</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Селиверстов Павел Васильевич, к.м.н., доцент, доцент 2-й кафедры (терапии усовершенствования врачей), ответственный за координацию научной работы</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel V. Seliverstov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor 2nd (Department of Therapy for Advanced Training), Deputy Head of the Department of Science of Physicians</p><p>6, Akademik Lebedev St., St Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">seliverstov-pv@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>234</fpage><lpage>244</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Селиверстов П.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Селиверстов П.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Seliverstov P.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/10099">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/10099</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Одним из актуальных вопросов современного здравоохранения является профессиональное выгорание врачей. Доказано, что оно влияет на устойчивость здравоохранения, качество и безопасность медицинской помощи, текучесть кадров и экономические аспекты.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Обобщить международные и российские данные о распространенности, детерминантах и последствиях выгорания врачей, а также сформировать прикладные рекомендации профилактики.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Подготовлен нарративный обзор с элементами систематизации на основе поиска в PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, eLIBRARY.RU, документах Минздрава РФ и профильных организаций. Приоритет: публикации последних 10 лет (акцент на 5 лет), метаанализы, крупные кросс-секционные исследования, национальные отчеты, валидированные инструменты измерения выгорания (MBI и альтернативы). Критерии включения: исследования среди врачей клинических специальностей, описывающие распространенность, факторы риска, детерминанты, интервенции. Критерии исключения: нерецензируемые мнения без данных, нерелевантные популяции, непрозрачные выборки.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выгорание врачей имеет многофакторную природу и значимую вариабельность распространенности, зависящую от методики измерения и контекста системы здравоохранения. Наиболее устойчивые детерминанты включают перегрузку и дефицит ресурсов, административно-цифровую нагрузку, снижение автономии, конфликт ценностей, небезопасную организационную культуру. Наиболее доказательные подходы профилактики – организационные и системные изменения, поскольку индивидуальные интервенции дают умеренный эффект и не компенсируют структурные дефициты. Для России критически важны контекст реформ и управленческих трансформаций последних 30 лет, пандемия COVID-19, кадровый дефицит и дисбаланс между ключевыми показателями эффективности и клинической автономией.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Профилактика выгорания требует перехода от «индивидуализации проблемы» к управлению условиями труда и ресурсами системы. Для РФ перспективны комбинированные стратегии: нормирование нагрузки, снижение бюрократии, поддержка первичного звена и молодых специалистов, развитие командной модели, конфиденциальных программ психологической помощи, а также «разумная цифровизация» как инструмент снижения рутины, а не ее роста.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. One of the urgent issues of modern healthcare is the professional burnout of doctors. It has been proven to affect the sustainability of healthcare, the quality and safety of medical care, staff turnover, and economic aspects.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To summarize international and Russian data on the prevalence, determinants, and consequences of physician burnout, as well as to formulate applied prevention recommendations.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A narrative review has been prepared with elements of systematization based on searches in PubMed/ Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, <ext-link xlink:href="http://eLIBRARY.RU/" ext-link-type="uri">eLIBRARY.RU, </ext-link>documents of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and relevant organizations. Priority: publications of the last 10 years (emphasis on 5 years), meta-analyses, large cross-sectional studies, national reports, validated burnout measurement tools (MBI and alternatives). Inclusion criteria: studies among doctors of clinical specialties describing prevalence, risk factors, determinants, and interventions. Exclusion criteria: uncensored opinions without data, irrelevant populations, opaque samples.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Physician burnout has a multifactorial nature and significant variability in prevalence, depending on the measurement methodology and the context of the healthcare system. The most persistent determinants include resource overload and scarcity, administrative and digital workload, reduced autonomy, conflict of values, and an insecure organizational culture. The most evidence – based approaches to prevention are organizational and systemic changes, since individual interventions have a moderate effect and do not compensate for structural deficits. The context of reforms and managerial transformations over the past 30 years, the COVID-19 pandemic, staff shortages, and the imbalance between key performance indicators and clinical autonomy are critically important for Russia.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Burnout prevention requires a shift from “individualizing the problem” to managing working conditions and system resources. Combined strategies are promising for the Russian Federation: workload rationing, reducing bureaucracy, supporting primary care and young professionals, developing a team model, confidential psychological assistance programs, and “smart digitalization” as a tool to reduce routine rather than increase it.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>профессиональное выгорание</kwd><kwd>врач</kwd><kwd>моральный дистресс</kwd><kwd>моральная травма</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>цифровизация</kwd><kwd>качество и безопасность</kwd><kwd>кадровый дефицит</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>медицина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>professional burnout</kwd><kwd>doctor</kwd><kwd>moral distress</kwd><kwd>moral trauma</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>digitalization</kwd><kwd>quality and safety</kwd><kwd>personnel shortage</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>medicine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter MP. 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