Введение

medsovet

Медицинский Совет

Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council

2079-701X2658-5790

REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.

10.21518/ms2026-219

medsovet-10172

Research Article

ДРУГИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГИИ

OTHER PROBLEMS OF ENDOCRINOLOGY

Влияние низкоуглеводной vs средиземноморской диеты на факторы роста у женщин с синдромом поликистозных яичников: данные рандомизированного исследования

The effect of a low-carbohydrate versus mediterranean diet on growth factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Data from a randomized trial

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-1495

Васюкова

Е. А.

Vasukova

E. A.

Васюкова Елена Андреевна, научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории эндокринных заболеваний у беременных Института эндокринологии

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2

Elena A. Vasukova, Research Associate, Research Laboratory of Endocrine Disorders in Pregnant Women, Institute of Endocrinology

2, Akkuratov St., St Petersburg, 197341

elenavasukova2@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0584-2330

Зайкова

Е. К.

Zaikova

E. K.

Зайкова Екатерина Константиновна, научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского отдела иммунологии Института молекулярной биологии и генетики

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2

Ekaterina K. Zaikova, Research Associate, Research Department of Immunology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics

2, Akkuratov St., St Petersburg, 197341

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1916-5705

Калинина

О. B.

Kalinina

O. V.

Калинина Ольга Викторовна, д.б.н., профессор кафедры лабораторной медицины с клиникой

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2

Olga V. Kalinina, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Professor of the Department of Laboratory Medicine with Clinic, Institute of Medical Education

2, Akkuratov St., St Petersburg, 197341

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6098-1491

Горелова

И. В.

Gorelova

I. V.

Горелова Инга Вадимовна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с клиникой

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2

Irina V. Pyanova, Research Laboratory Assistant, Research Laboratory of Endocrine Disorders in Pregnant Women, Institute of Endocrinology

2, Akkuratov St., St Petersburg, 197341

Пьянова

И. В.

Pyanova

I. V.

Пьянова Ирина Вениаминовна, лаборант-исследователь научно-исследовательской лаборатории эндокринных заболеваний у беременных Института эндокринологии

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2

Irina V. Pyanova, Research Laboratory Assistant, Research Laboratory of Endocrine Disorders in Pregnant Women, Institute of Endocrinology

2, Akkuratov St., St Petersburg, 197341

Богатырева

Е. В.

Bogatyreva

E. V.

Богатырева Елена Васильевна, к.м.н., врач акушер-гинеколог, репродуктолог

197110, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Корпусная, д. 9

Elena V. Bogatyreva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Obstetrician-Gynecologist

9, Korpusnaya St., St Petersburg, 197110

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2115-8873

Васильева

Е. Ю.

Vasilyeva

E. Yu.

Васильева Елена Юрьевна, заведующая центральной клинико-диагностической лабораторией

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2

Elena Yu. Vasilyeva, Head of the Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory

2, Akkuratov St., St Petersburg, 197341

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0042-7680

Гринева

Е. Н.

Grineva

E. N.

Гринева Елена Николаевна, чл.корр. РАН, д.м.н., профессор, директор Института эндокринологии, заведующий кафедрой эндокринологии Института медицинского образования

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2

Elena N. Grineva, Corr. Member RAS, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director of the Institute of Endocrinology, Head of the Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Medical Education

2, Akkuratov St., St Petersburg, 197341

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3697-7791

Попова

П. В.

Popova

P. V.

Попова Полина Викторовна, к.м.н., заведующая научно-исследовательской лабораторией эндокринных заболеваний у беременных Института эндокринологии

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2

Polina V. Popova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Research Laboratory of Endocrine Disorders in Pregnant Women, Institute of Endocrinology

2, Akkuratov St., St Petersburg, 197341

Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. АлмазоваРоссияAlmazov National Medical Research CentreRussian Federation

Ай-Клиник СЗРоссияAi-Clinic SZ LLCRussian Federation

2026

25062026

07102112

2026

Васюкова Е.А., Зайкова Е.К., Калинина О.B., Горелова И.В., Пьянова И.В., Богатырева Е.В., Васильева Е.Ю., Гринева Е.Н., Попова П.В.

Vasukova E.A., Zaikova E.K., Kalinina O.V., Gorelova I.V., Pyanova I.V., Bogatyreva E.V., Vasilyeva E.Y., Grineva E.N., Popova P.V.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/10172

Введение

Введение. Синдром поликистозных яичников (СПЯ) сопровождается нарушениями ангиогенеза и овариального фиброза, однако, влияние различных типов диет на циркулирующие факторы роста изучено недостаточно. Основное рандомизированное исследование продемонстрировало сопоставимое влияние низкоуглеводной и средиземноморской диеты на первичные метаболические исходы у женщин с СПЯ.

Цель

Цель. Представить заранее запланированный вторичный анализ рандомизированного исследования и сравнить влияние низкоуглеводной и средиземноморской диеты на уровни факторов роста, а также на липидный профиль и овуляторную функцию у женщин с СПЯ.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Рандомизированы 87 пациенток с СПЯ в 2 группы в зависимости от рекомендуемой диеты: низкоуглеводная диета (n = 44) и средиземноморская диета (n = 43). Протокол исследования зарегистрирован на clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05272657). Образцы сыворотки крови натощак собирались исходно и после 3 мес. соблюдения диеты. В настоящей работе проводится вторичный анализ динамики антропометрических показателей, липидного профиля, овуляторной функции и уровней факторов роста (EGF, FGF2, FLT3L, PDGF AA, PDGF AB/BB, VEGF-α).

Результаты

Результаты. В обеих группах снижение массы тела было сопоставимым. Средиземноморская диета значимо лучше снижала общий холестерин и ЛПНП, а также чаще восстанавливала овуляцию. В подгруппе анализа средиземноморская диета снижала уровни FLT3L, FGF2, PDGF-AA и PDGF-AB/BB, тогда как низкоуглеводная диета повышала их. Часть различий сохраняла значимость после коррекции на множественные сравнения.

Заключение

Заключение. При равной потере веса средиземноморская диета превосходит низкоуглеводную по влиянию на липидный профиль, овуляторную функцию и ключевые факторы ангиогенеза / фиброза у женщин с СПЯ. Результаты указывают на потенциальные патогенетические преимущества средиземноморского питания, требующие подтверждения в более крупных и длительных исследованиях.

Aim

Aim. To present a pre-specified secondary analysis of the randomized trial and compare the effects of a low-carbohydrate versus a Mediterranean diet on growth factor levels, as well as on lipid profile and ovulatory function in women with PCOS. Materials and methods. Eighty-seven patients with PCOS were randomized to either a low-carbohydrate diet (n = 44) or a Mediterranean diet (n = 43). The research protocol is registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05272657). Fasting serum samples were collected at baseline and after 3 months of the dietary intervention. In this study, we conducted a secondary analysis of changes in anthropometric measures, lipid profile, ovulatory function, and circulating growth factors (EGF, FGF2, FLT3L, PDGF-AA, PDGF-AB/BB, VEGF-α).

Results

Results. Weight loss was comparable between the groups. The Mediterranean diet led to significantly greater reductions in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and restored ovulation more frequently. In the analyzed subgroup, the Mediterranean diet reduced FLT3L, FGF2, PDGF-AA, and PDGF-AB/BB levels, whereas the low-carbohydrate diet increased them. Several of these differences remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Despite similar weight loss, the Mediterranean diet was superior to the low-carbohydrate diet regarding lipid profile improvement, restoration of ovulatory function, and modulation of key angiogenesis/fibrosis factors in women with PCOS. These findings point to potential pathogenetic benefits of the Mediterranean diet, which warrant confirmation in larger and longer-term studies.

цитокиныEGFFGF2FLT3LPDGF AAPDGF AB/BBVEGF-α

cytokinesEGFFGF2FLT3LPDGF AAPDGF AB/BBVEGF-α

Исследование выполнено при поддержке государственного задания № 125042105343-8

The study was supported as part of Government Assignment No. 125042105343-8.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.