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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/ms2026-169</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-10192</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГИИ И КАРДИОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>APPLIED ASPECTS OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND CARDIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Узловые образования щитовидной железы после облучения головы и шеи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound findings and tumors of thyroid after head and neck irradiation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8637-1483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амергулов</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amergulov</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Амергулов Илья Ильич, аспирант кафедры эндокринологии и метаболического здоровья Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского </p><p>119048, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya I. Amergulov, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Health, Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine </p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilya_a94@mail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6073-328X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлова Мария Геннадиевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры эндокринологии и метаболического здоровья Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского </p><p>119048, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria G. Pavlova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Health, Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine </p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mgp.doc@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7000-0095</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сыч</surname><given-names>Ю. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sych</surname><given-names>Yu. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сыч Юлия Петровна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры эндокринологии и метаболического здоровья Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского </p><p>119048, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia P. Sych, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Health, Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine </p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">juliasytch@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-314X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сотников</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sotnikov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сотников Владимир Михайлович, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий отделом, Методический аккредитационно-симуляционный центр по специальности «Радиотерапия» </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, д. 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir M. Sotnikov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Division of Methodological Accreditation and Simulation Center for the Specialty “Radiotherapy </p><p>86, Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vmsotnikov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-7881</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кандакова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kandakova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандакова Елена Юрьевна, д.м.н., заведующая отделением лучевой терапии на 70 коек с дневным стационаром на 30 коек Клиники лучевой терапии </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, д. 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Regentova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Pediatric Radiation Therapy Department with Oncology Beds </p><p>86, Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lukinaelena@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0219-7260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Регентова</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Regentova</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Регентова Ольга Сергеевна, д.м.н., заведующая отделением лучевой терапии детей с койками онкологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, д. 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Regentova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Pediatric Radiation Therapy Department with Oncology Beds</p><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgagraudensh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6628-0760</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руднева</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudneva</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Руднева Анастасия Евгеньевна, старший научный сотрудник </p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, д. 1</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia E. Rudneva, Senior Researcher</p><p>1, Samora Mashel St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anastasija.rudneva@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский научный центр рентгенорадиологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Center of Roentgenology and Radiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>288</fpage><lpage>297</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Амергулов И.И., Павлова М.Г., Сыч Ю.П., Сотников В.М., Кандакова Е.Ю., Регентова О.С., Руднева А.Е., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Амергулов И.И., Павлова М.Г., Сыч Ю.П., Сотников В.М., Кандакова Е.Ю., Регентова О.С., Руднева А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Amergulov I.I., Pavlova M.G., Sych Y.P., Sotnikov V.M., Kandakova E.Y., Regentova O.S., Rudneva A.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/10192">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/10192</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Узлы щитовидной железы (ЩЖ), в том числе злокачественные, часто являются последствием лучевой терапии (ЛТ) на область головы и шеи, проводимой по поводу первичных опухолей центральной нервной системы (ПО ЦНС) и некоторых лимфом.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить распространенность и структуру образований ЩЖ после ЛТ на область головы и шеи по поводу ПО ЦНС и лимфом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Участники исследования были разделены на шесть групп: группа 1 – краниоспинальное облучение (КСО) по поводу ПО ЦНС в возрасте до 18 лет; группа 2 – КСО по поводу ПО ЦНС в возрасте 18 лет и старше; группа 3 – ЛТ на область шеи по поводу лимфом в возрасте до 18 лет; группа 4 – ЛТ на область шеи по поводу лимфом в возрасте 18 лет и старше; группа 5 – здоровые участники, контроль для облучавшихся в возрасте до 18 лет; группа 6 – здоровые участники, контроль для облучавшихся в возрасте 18 и старше.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Узлы ЩЖ чаще встречались после ЛТ по поводу лимфом, чем после КСО (47,1% против 27%) (p = 0,032), при этом в контрольных группах они выявлялись еще реже (p = 0,04). В частности, узлы EU-TIRADS 3 оказались более распространены после ЛТ по поводу лимфом, чем после КСО (p = 0,013). У женщин узлы ЩЖ после облучения развивались чаще, чем у мужчин (p = 0,001), особенно узлы EU-TIRADS 3 и EU-TIRADS 4 (p = 0,027). При этом объем ЩЖ оказался меньше у пациентов после облучения, чем у участников контрольных групп (p &lt; 0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Узлы ЩЖ чаще развиваются после облучения области головы и шеи. В связи с риском развития рака ЩЖ пациенты после облучения должны регулярно проходить УЗИ для своевременного обнаружения изменений и проведения лечения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Thyroid nodules including thyroid cancer are among the common long-term effects of radiation therapy (RT) to the head and neck region administered for primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors and lymphomas.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the frequency and different types of nodules and benign and malignant lesions in thyroid after head and neck irradiation for primary CNS tumors and lymphomas.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Patients included in the retrospective trial were divided into 6 groups: group 1 – craniospinal irradiation (CSI) for primary CNS tumors under the age of 18 years, group 2 – CSI for primary CNS tumors above the age of 18 years, group 3 – RT to the neck region for lymphoma treatment in patients under the age of 18 years, group 4 – RT to the neck region for lymphoma treatment in patients above the age of 18 years, group 5 – control for patients irradiated before 18 years, group 6 – control for patients irradiated over the age of 18 years.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Thyroid nodules were more common after neck irradiation for lymphoma comparing to CSI (47.1% vs 27%) (p = 0.032). Control groups had even lower nodules rates (p = 0.04). EU-TIRADS 3 were more common after neck irradiation for lympho ma than after CSI (p = 0.013). Female patients developed thyroid nodules more frequently than male (p = 0.001), especially EU-TIRADS 3 and EU-TIRADS 4 (p = 0.027). Furthermore thyroid volume was decreased in patients after irradiation comparing to control groups (p &lt; 0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Thyroid nodules are more common in head and neck irradiation than in general population. As there is a risk of cancer in thyroid nodules, thyroid ultrasound must be performed in patients with irradiation in history. It can help to detect serious lesions and provide appropriate treatment if it needs in time.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>краниоспинальное облучение</kwd><kwd>облучение головы и шеи</kwd><kwd>лимфома</kwd><kwd>узловой зоб</kwd><kwd>медуллобластома</kwd><kwd>рак щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>доброкачественные опухоли щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>опухоли щитовидной железы низкого риска злокачественности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>craniospinal irradiation</kwd><kwd>head and neck irradiation</kwd><kwd>Hodgkin disease</kwd><kwd>thyroid nodules</kwd><kwd>medulloblastoma</kwd><kwd>thyroid cancer</kwd><kwd>benign thyroid tumors</kwd><kwd>low risk thyroid neoplasms</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Macklin-Doherty A, Jones M, Coulson P, Bruce C, Chau I, Alexander E et al. 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