medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/ms2026-162medsovet-10208Research ArticleЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ БИЛИАРНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ И ПЕЧЕНИDISEASES OF THE BILIARY SYSTEM AND LIVERМультитаргетный подход к фитотерапии заболеваний печениA multi-targeting approach to phytotherapy of liver diseaseshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2182-8379ПолунинаТ. Е.PoluninaT. E.

Полунина Татьяна Евгеньевна - д.м.н., профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии лечебного факультета НОИ клинической медицины им. Н.А. Семашко.

127006, Москва, ул. Долгоруковская, д. 4

Tatiana E. Polunina - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology of the Faculty of Medicine of the N.A. Semashko Scientific Research Institute of Clinical Medicine.

4, Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow, 127006

poluntan@mail.ruРоссийский университет медицины (РосУниМед)РоссияRussian University of Medicine (ROSUNIMED)Russian Federation20260107202608115125Copyright © Полунина Т.Е., 20262026Полунина Т.Е.Polunina T.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/10208

Печень – многофункциональный орган, играющий центральную роль в регуляции физиологических процессов, включая метаболизм, детоксикацию, синтез белка и иммунный ответ. Заболевания печени представляют собой широкий спектр патологических изменений, характеризующихся повреждением гепатоцитов, активацией звездчатых клеток печени, которые в совокупности ухудшают функцию печени и нарушают ее структуру. Ежегодно заболевания печени приводят примерно к 2 млн смертей и составляют 4% от общей смертности в мире. Хронические заболевания печени обычно возникают из-за инфекций вируса гепатита В (HBV) и вируса гепатита С (HCV), употребления алкоголя, а также из-за растущей во всем мире метаболически-ассоциированной жировой болезни печени (МАЖБП). Современная диагностика заболеваний печени обычно требует сочетания клинической картины, специфических биомаркеров и биопсии печени. В настоящее время патогенетическое лечение заболеваний печени в значительной степени сосредоточено на устранении причин, нормализации ее функций и облегчении симптомов. Традиционные методы лечения часто сталкиваются с ограничениями из-за побочных эффектов, высокой стоимости и недостаточной эффективности, что подталкивает на поиск альтернативных терапевтических стратегий. Фитотерапия, использующая биоактивные растительные соединения (например, флавоноиды, полифенолы и алкалоиды), предлагает многообещающий подход в использовании гепатопротекторных, антиоксидантных, противовоспалительных и антифибротических свойств растительных препаратов. Эти многоцелевые свойства позволяют эффективно бороться с окислительным стрессом и воспалением, одновременно способствуя регенерации печени. Последние достижения в медицине подчеркивают синергию между фитотерапией и стратегиями, направленными на использование традиционных лекарственных средств, при этом растительные препараты оказались в некоторых случаях эффективнее в восстановлении и стабилизации липидного и печеночного профиля. Интеграция фитотерапии с традиционной медициной потенциально может произвести революцию в лечении заболеваний печени, особенно в условиях ограниченных ресурсов.

The liver is a multifunctional organ that is central to regulating physiological processes including metabolism, detoxification, protein synthesis, and immune response. Liver diseases represent a wide array of pathological changes characterized by hepatocyte injury and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) activation, which cumulatively impair liver function and disrupt its architecture. Annually, liver diseases cause approximately 2 million deaths and account for 4% of global mortality. Chronic liver diseases typically arise from hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, alcohol consumption, along with a rising incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) globally. Modern diagnosis of liver diseases typically requires a combination of clinical presentation, specific biomarkers, and liver biopsy. Currently, pathogenetic management of liver diseases largely focuses on cause elimination, liver function normalization, and symptom alleviation. Conventional treatments are often limited by adverse effects, high costs, and insufficient efficacy, prompting the search for alternative therapeutic strategies. Phytotherapy exploiting plant bioactive compounds (e.g., flavonoids, polyphenols, and alkaloids) offers a promising approach in harnessing the hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic properties of herbal medicines. These multitargeted properties have the capability to combat oxidative stress and inflammation while promoting liver regeneration. Recent advances in medicine emphasize the synergy between phytotherapy and conventional drug strategies, with herbal medicines proving eventually more effective in restoring and stabilizing lipid and liver profiles. Integration of phytotherapy into conventional medicine has the potential to revolutionize the treatment of liver diseases, particularly in resource-limited settings.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.