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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2016-10-104-110</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-1412</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КАРДИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние L-карнитина на оксидативный стресс при сердечно-сосудистых заболеваниях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EFFECT OF L-CARNITINE ON OXYDATIVE STRESS AT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>АСТАШКИН</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>ASTASHKIN</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Biology Doctor, Prof.,</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>ГЛЕЗЕР</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>GLEZER</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Prof.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>104</fpage><lpage>110</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; АСТАШКИН Е.И., ГЛЕЗЕР М.Г., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АСТАШКИН Е.И., ГЛЕЗЕР М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ASTASHKIN E.I., GLEZER M.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/1412">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/1412</self-uri><abstract><p>L-карнитин (LC) и его эфиры не только участвуют в энергетическом обмене миоцитов сердца (ответственны за перенос длинноцепочечных жирных кислот из цитоплазмы в митохондрии), но и обладают другими жизненно важными видами активности. Они оказывают антиоксидантное и антивоспалительное действие на разных уровнях. Установлено, что LC является прямым антиоксидантом и удаляет уже образовавшиеся радикалы кислорода, а также подавляет генерацию радикалов кислорода цитозольными и мембрано-связанными ферментами в результате образования комплексов с ионами железа и меди в их активных центрах. Ведущей причиной защитных эффектов LC является изменение активности редокс чувствительных сигнальных путей, мишенями действия которых выступают ядерные рецепторы (они же – факторы транскрипции генов NF-kB; PPARs; Nrf2, AP1 и др.). Эти факторы контролируют активность групп генов, ответственных за выживание и устойчивость клеток сердечно-сосудистой системы к воздействиям разных видов стресса, включая оксидативный стресс, а также предупреждают гибель миоцитов сердца и эндотелиальных клеток при ишемии/реперфузии и других патологических состояниях, обусловленных гипоксией. В обзоре рассматривается ряд механизмов, участвующих в защитных эффектах LC и его производных в сердце и других кислород-зависимых органах и тканях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>L-carnitine (LC) and its esters do not only participate in the metabolic exchange of the cardiac myocytes (they are responsible for transfer of long-chain fatty acids from the cytoplasm in mytochondria) but have other vital types of activity. They have antioxidant and anti- nflammatory effect at various levels. LC is proved to be a direct antioxidant and to remove already formed oxygen radicals as well as to suppress generation of oxygen radicals by cytoplasmic and membrane-connected ferments as a result of formation of complexes with iron and copper ions in their active centers. The leading reason of LC protective effects is change of activity of redox-sensitive signal paths targeted at nuclear receptors (they are factors of NF-kB; PPARs; Nrf2, AP1 etc. gene transcription). These factors control activity of a group of genes responsible for survival and stability of the cardiovascular system to various types of stress, including oxidative stress, and prevent loss of cardiac myocytes and endothelial cells at ischemia/reperfusion and other hypoxia-conditioned pathologic states. The review considers a number of mechanisms participating in protective effects of LC and its derivatives in the heart and other oxygen-dependent organs and tissues. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>оксидативный стресс</kwd><kwd>L-карнитин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd><kwd>L-carnitine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lohninger A, Pittner G, Pittner F. L-Carnitine: New Aspects of a Known Compound – A Brief Survey. Monatsh. 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