medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2016-12-120-125medsovet-1444Research ArticleОнкологияOncologyВАКЦИНАЦИЯ ПРОТИВ ВПЧ-АССОЦИИРОВАННЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ И РАКА ШЕЙКИ МАТКИ ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ И ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫVACCINATION AGAINST HPV-ASSOCIATED DISEASES AND CERVICAL CANCER: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTSПрилепскаяВ. Н.PrilepskayaV. N.

Доктор медицинских наук, профессор

MD, Prof.

ЗардиашвилиМ. Д.ZardiashviliM. D.ХлебковаЮ. С.KhlebkovaY. S.НекрасоваМ. Е.NekrasovaM. E.Научный центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова, МоскваРоссияFSBI Kulakov Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, MoscowRussian Federation201630122016012120125Copyright © Прилепская В.Н., Зардиашвили М.Д., Хлебкова Ю.С., Некрасова М.Е., 20162016Прилепская В.Н., Зардиашвили М.Д., Хлебкова Ю.С., Некрасова М.Е.Prilepskaya V.N., Zardiashvili M.D., Khlebkova Y.S., Nekrasova M.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/1444

В статье представлены данные о частоте ассоциированной с вирусом папилломы человека (ВПЧ) патологии в мире, Европе и РФ, увеличивающейся ежегодно. Отражены наиболее часто встречающиеся   патологические состояния, вызванные вирусом папилломы человека. Подчеркнуто, что проблема ВПЧ-ассоциированных заболеваний касается не только женщин, но и мужчин. При этом наиболее частые типы онкогенных вирусов, вызывающих злокачественную патологию репродуктивной системы, – 16-й и 18-й. Применительно именно к этим двум типам вирусов созданы вакцины, которые обеспечивают профилактику рака шейки  матки. Квадривалентная  вакцина эффективна  при поражениях  наружных   половых  органов и влагалища в виде кондилом. В статье представлены первые результаты ВПЧ-вакцинации в разных странах мира, которые свидетельствуют о ее высокой эффективности при аногенитальных кондиломах и предраковых изменениях шейки матки, которые значительно снизились в популяции таких стран, как Австралия, Германия, Швеция и др. Обсуждаются вопросы о побочных явлениях, связанных с применением  обеих вакцин. На сегодняшний день, по данным  проводимых  обзорных исследований,  у женщин и мужчин   не установлено проблем  с безопасностью  применения   как четырехвалентной,   так и бивалентной вакцины.

В настоящее время вакцинация против ВПЧ включена в национальные программы иммунизации в 60 странах мира, в т. ч. в 6 странах внедрена вакцинация мальчиков.

The article presents data about the frequency of the human papilloma virus associated pathology in the world, Europe and the RF increasing each year. The most frequently occurring pathologic states caused by human papilloma virus are provided. It was stated that the problem of HPV-associated diseases concerns not only women but men. The most frequent types of oncogenic viruses causing the malignant pathology of the reproductive system are Type 16 and 18 viruses. Vaccines providing prevention of the cervical cancer are developed for these two types of viruses. The quadrilent vaccine is effective with respect to lesions of the female genital organs and of the vagina in the form of condylomas. The article demonstrates the first results  of HPVvaccines in various countries of the world that testify about its high effectiveness for anogenital condylomas and precancer cervical changes, that considerably reduced in populations of such countries as Australia, Germany, Sweden etc. Issues on side effects related to application of both vaccines are discussed. Currently according to the conducted survey studies no safety problems were established for women and men when using quardilent as well as bivalent vaccines.

Currently vaccination against HPV is included in national immunization  programs in 60 countries of the world, including 6 countries where vaccination of boys is implemented.

In December 2014, FDA approved the new vaccine Gardasil-9 for girls and women as well as for boys for prevention of precancer lesions of reproductive organs the effectiveness of which is confirmed by results of international multi-center studies.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.