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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2016-16-44-50</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-1507</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ACTUAL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Снова о фаготерапии: что не так, а что так?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ONCE MORE ABOUT PHAGE THERAPY: WHAT IS RIGHT, AND WHAT IS NOT</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зурабов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жиленков</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhilenkov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD  in biology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zurabov</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-производственный центр «Микромир», Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Micromir SPC, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>16</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зурабов А.Ю., Жиленков Е.Л., Попова В.М., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зурабов А.Ю., Жиленков Е.Л., Попова В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popova V.M., Zhilenkov E.L., Zurabov A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/1507">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/1507</self-uri><abstract><p>Прошло чуть более  100  лет после выхода в журнале «Ланцет» статьи английского  исследователя и врача Ф. Творта «Исследование природы ультрамикроскопических вирусов» [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. В ней Творт описал феномен возникновения прозрачных пятен на бактериальном газоне при работе с культурой на чашках Петри. Исследовав эти пятна, он обнаружил в них мертвые бактерии.  Пятна обладали свойством повторяться на других чашках, если содержимое пятна перенести на новый газон. Не будучи в состоянии дать убедительное объяснение этому явлению, Творт выдвинул 3 возможные, с его точки зрения, гипотезы: проявление неизвестного прежде жизненного цикла бактерий, действие какого-то энзима, продуцируемого самими бактериями, или присутствие некоего ультрамикроскопического вируса, способного вызывать гибель бактерий. Изложив свои гипотезы, Творт больше не возвращался к этой теме, однако многими считается, что именно с этой статьи начинается эра бактериофагов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A little more than 100 years ago the article “An investigation on the nature of ultra-microscopic viruses” by the English physician and researcher F. Twort was published in The Lancet. Twort described the phenomenon of transparent spots which occurred on the bacterial lawn when he worked with bacterial cultures using a petri dish. He examined the spots and found zones of dead bacteria. The spots were transmissible: they appeared on other dishes once transferred to a new lawn. Twort, failing to give a convincing explanation for this phenomenon, proposed three hypotheses:  it could be an unusual manifestation of the bacterial life cycle, or an enzyme produced by the bacteria themselves or some sort of “ultra-microscopic virus” which could cause the death of bacteria. Having voiced his hypotheses, Tvort let the matter drop, but many believe that with the article began the era of bacteriophages.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бактериофаг</kwd><kwd>фаготерапия</kwd><kwd>антибиотики</kwd><kwd>микробиом</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bacteriophage</kwd><kwd>phage therapy</kwd><kwd>antibiotics</kwd><kwd>microbiome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Twort F. An investigation on the nature of ultramicroscopic viruses. Lancet, 1915, 186: 4814.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Twort F. An investigation on the nature of ultramicroscopic viruses. Lancet, 1915, 186: 4814.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D’Herelle F. Sur un microbe invisible antagoniste des bacillus dysente´rique. 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