<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2015-5-40-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-171</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОГНИТИВНЫЕ НАРУШЕНИЯ И ДЕМЕНЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND DEMENTIA</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинические, диагностические и терапевтические аспекты умеренных когнитивных нарушений амнестического типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of amnestic mild cognitive impairment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коберская</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koberskaya</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">the First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Коберская Н.Н., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коберская Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Koberskaya N.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/171">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/171</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируется распространенность, причины и основные клинические проявления умеренных когнитивных нарушений амнестического типа - синдрома, являющегося в большинстве случаев первым проявлением такого нейродегенеративного заболевания, как болезнь Альцгеймера. Подробно обсуждены диагностические подходы и возможности дифференциального диагноза. Приводятся данные об эффективности антагониста глутаматных NMDA-рецепторов мемантина у пациентов с умеренными когнитивными нарушениями. Отмечается эффективность и безопасность применения Акатинола Мемантина в качестве средства, улучшающего когнитивные функции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the prevalence, causes and main clinical manifestations of amnestic mild cognitive impairment - a syndrome which in most cases is the first manifestation of the neurodegenerative Alzheimer's disease. Diagnostic approaches and the possibility of differential diagnosis are highlighted. There is data on the effectiveness of the glutamate NMDA-receptors antagonist - memantine - in patients with moderate cognitive impairment. The efficacy and safety of Akatinol Memantine as a medication to improve cognitive function is highlighted.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>синдром умеренных когнитивных расстройств амнестического типа</kwd><kwd>недементные когнитивные расстройства</kwd><kwd>мемантин</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>amnestic mild cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>no dementia</kwd><kwd>memantine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гаврилова С.И. Мягкое когнитивное снижение - доклиническая стадия болезни Альцгеймера? Cons Med, 2004, 2: 153- 156.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Гаврилова С.И. Мягкое когнитивное снижение - доклиническая стадия болезни Альцгеймера? Cons Med, 2004, 2: 153- 156.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захаров В.В., Яхно Н.Н. Синдром умеренных когнитивных расстройств в пожилом возрасте: диагностика и лечение. Рус. мед. журн., 2004, 10: 573-576.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Захаров В.В., Яхно Н.Н. Синдром умеренных когнитивных расстройств в пожилом возрасте: диагностика и лечение. Рус. мед. журн., 2004, 10: 573-576.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захаров В.В., Яхно Н.Н. Нарушения памяти. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2003, 150.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Захаров В.В., Яхно Н.Н. Нарушения памяти. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2003, 150.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левин О.С. Когнитивные нарушения в практике невролога. М., 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Левин О.С. Когнитивные нарушения в практике невролога. М., 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левин О.С. Диагностика и лечение умеренно выраженных когнитивных нарушений в пожилом возрасте. Журн. неврол. и психиат., 2006, 8: 42-49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Левин О.С. Диагностика и лечение умеренно выраженных когнитивных нарушений в пожилом возрасте. Журн. неврол. и психиат., 2006, 8: 42-49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левин О.С., Голубева Л.В. Гетерогенность умеренного когнитивного расстройства: диагностические и терапевтические аспекты. €onsilium medicum, 2006, 12: 106-110.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Левин О.С., Голубева Л.В. Гетерогенность умеренного когнитивного расстройства: диагностические и терапевтические аспекты. €onsilium medicum, 2006, 12: 106-110.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левин О.С., Сагова М.М., Голубева Л.В. Факторы, влияющие на качество жизни больных дисциркуляторной энцефалопатией с умеренным когнитивным расстройством. Рос мед. журн., 2006, 3: 25-29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Левин О.С., Сагова М.М., Голубева Л.В. Факторы, влияющие на качество жизни больных дисциркуляторной энцефалопатией с умеренным когнитивным расстройством. Рос мед. журн., 2006, 3: 25-29.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Локшина А.Б. Легкие и умеренные когнитивные расстройства при дисциркуляторной энцефалопатии: дисс.. канд. мед. наук. М., 2005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Локшина А.Б. Легкие и умеренные когнитивные расстройства при дисциркуляторной энцефалопатии: дисс.. канд. мед. наук. М., 2005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Успенская О.В., Яхно Н.Н. Влияние мемантина на когнитивные функции пациентов с амне-стическим вариантом синдрома умеренных когнитивных расстройств (клинико- психологическое и нейрохимическое исследование). Неврол.журн., 2009, 14(3): 37-40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Успенская О.В., Яхно Н.Н. Влияние мемантина на когнитивные функции пациентов с амне-стическим вариантом синдрома умеренных когнитивных расстройств (клинико- психологическое и нейрохимическое исследование). Неврол.журн., 2009, 14(3): 37-40.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яхно Н.Н., Захаров В.В., Локшина А.Б. Синдром умеренных когнитивных нарушений при дисциркуляторной энцефалопатии. Журн. неврол. и психиатр., 2005, 105(2): 13-17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Яхно Н.Н., Захаров В.В., Локшина А.Б. Синдром умеренных когнитивных нарушений при дисциркуляторной энцефалопатии. Журн. неврол. и психиатр., 2005, 105(2): 13-17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яхно Н.Н., Локшина А.Б., Захаров В.В. Легкие и умеренные когнитивные расстройства при дисциркуляторной энцефалопатии. Клин. геронтол., 2005, 11(9): 38-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Яхно Н.Н., Локшина А.Б., Захаров В.В. Легкие и умеренные когнитивные расстройства при дисциркуляторной энцефалопатии. Клин. геронтол., 2005, 11(9): 38-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яхно Н.Н., Преображенская И.С., Захаров В.В. и др. Эффективность акатинола мемантина у пациентов с недементными когнитивными расстройствами. Результаты многоцентрового клинического наблюдения. Неврол. журн. 2010, 15(2): 52-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Яхно Н.Н., Преображенская И.С., Захаров В.В. и др. Эффективность акатинола мемантина у пациентов с недементными когнитивными расстройствами. Результаты многоцентрового клинического наблюдения. Неврол. журн. 2010, 15(2): 52-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яхно Н.Н. Когнитивные расстройства в неврологической клинике. Неврол. журн., 2006, 11(1): 4-12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Яхно Н.Н. Когнитивные расстройства в неврологической клинике. Неврол. журн., 2006, 11(1): 4-12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ambrozi L, DanieLczyk W. Treatment of impaired cerebral function in psychogeriatric patients with memantine: results of a phase II doubLe-bLind study. Pharmacopsychiatry, 1998, 21: 144-146.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ambrozi L, DanieLczyk W. Treatment of impaired cerebral function in psychogeriatric patients with memantine: results of a phase II doubLe-bLind study. Pharmacopsychiatry, 1998, 21: 144-146.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cowburn R, Hardy J, Roberts P, Briggs R. Presynaptic and postsynaptic gLutamatergic function in Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci. Lett., 1998, 86: 109-113.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cowburn R, Hardy J, Roberts P, Briggs R. Presynaptic and postsynaptic gLutamatergic function in Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci. Lett., 1998, 86: 109-113.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crook T, Bartus R, Ferris SH et aL. Age associated memory impairment: proposed diagnostic criteria and measures of cLinicaL change. Report of NationaL Institute of MentaL HeaLthWork Group. DevNeuropsy, 1986, 2: 261-76.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Crook T, Bartus R, Ferris SH et aL. Age associated memory impairment: proposed diagnostic criteria and measures of cLinicaL change. Report of NationaL Institute of MentaL HeaLthWork Group. DevNeuropsy, 1986, 2: 261-76.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Danysz W, Parsons CG, Mobius HJ, et aL. Neuroprotective and synptomatoLogicaL action of memantine reLevant for ALzheimer's disease -A unified gLutamatergic hypothesis on the mechanism of action. Neurotox. Res., 2000, 2: 85-97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Danysz W, Parsons CG, Mobius HJ, et aL. Neuroprotective and synptomatoLogicaL action of memantine reLevant for ALzheimer's disease -A unified gLutamatergic hypothesis on the mechanism of action. Neurotox. Res., 2000, 2: 85-97.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dubois B, ALbert ML. Amnestic MCI or prodromaL ALzheimer's disease. Lancet Neurology, 2004, 3: 246-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dubois B, ALbert ML. Amnestic MCI or prodromaL ALzheimer's disease. Lancet Neurology, 2004, 3: 246-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GoLomb J, KLuger A, Garrard P et aL. CLinician's manuaL on miLd cognitive impairment. London: Science Press Ltd. 2001, 56.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GoLomb J, KLuger A, Garrard P et aL. CLinician's manuaL on miLd cognitive impairment. London: Science Press Ltd. 2001, 56.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">KraL WA. Senescent forgetfuLLness: benign and maLignant. Can. Med. Assoc., 1962, 86: 257-60.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">KraL WA. Senescent forgetfuLLness: benign and maLignant. Can. Med. Assoc., 1962, 86: 257-60.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Knopman DS. Current treatement of miLd cognitive impairement an ALzheimer's disesase. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep., 2006, 6(5): 365-71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knopman DS. Current treatement of miLd cognitive impairement an ALzheimer's disesase. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep., 2006, 6(5): 365-71.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li et aL. NeuroLogicaL soft signs in persons with amnestic miLd cognitive impairment and the reLationships to neuropsychoLogicaL functions. BehavioraL and Brain Functions 2012, 8: 29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li et aL. NeuroLogicaL soft signs in persons with amnestic miLd cognitive impairment and the reLationships to neuropsychoLogicaL functions. BehavioraL and Brain Functions 2012, 8: 29.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">MaLek-Ahmadi et aL. Informant-reported cognitive symptoms that predict amnestic miLd cognitive impairment. BMC Geriatrics, 2012, 12: 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MaLek-Ahmadi et aL. Informant-reported cognitive symptoms that predict amnestic miLd cognitive impairment. BMC Geriatrics, 2012, 12: 3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mark LP, Prost RW, ULmer JL, et aL. PictoriaL review of gLutamate excitotoxicity: FundamentaL concepts for neuroimaging. Amer. J. Neuroradiol. 2001, 22: 1813-1824.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mark LP, Prost RW, ULmer JL, et aL. PictoriaL review of gLutamate excitotoxicity: FundamentaL concepts for neuroimaging. Amer. J. Neuroradiol. 2001, 22: 1813-1824.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oscar L. Lopez MiLd Cognitive Impairment Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2013, 19(2): 411-424</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oscar L. Lopez MiLd Cognitive Impairment Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2013, 19(2): 411-424</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">PaLmer K, Wang H-X, Backman L et aL. DifferentiaL evoLution of cognitive impairment in nondemented oLder persons. Am J Psychiatry 2002, 159: 436-42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">PaLmer K, Wang H-X, Backman L et aL. DifferentiaL evoLution of cognitive impairment in nondemented oLder persons. Am J Psychiatry 2002, 159: 436-42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petersen RC. MiLd cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity. J Int Med 2004, 256: 183-194.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petersen RC. MiLd cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity. J Int Med 2004, 256: 183-194.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petersen RS, Smith GE, Waring SC et aL Aging, memory and miLd cognitive impairment. Int Psychogeriatr 1997, 9: 37-43.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petersen RS, Smith GE, Waring SC et aL Aging, memory and miLd cognitive impairment. Int Psychogeriatr 1997, 9: 37-43.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petersen RS, Smith GE, Waring SC et aL. MiLd cognitive impairment: cLinicaL characterization and outcome. Arch Neurol 1999, 56: 303-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petersen RS, Smith GE, Waring SC et aL. MiLd cognitive impairment: cLinicaL characterization and outcome. Arch Neurol 1999, 56: 303-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petersen RC, Stevens JC, GanguLi M et aL. Practice parameter. EarLy detection of dementia: miLd cognitive impairment (an evidence-based review). Report of the OuaLity Standards Subcommittee of the AmericaAcademy of NeuroLogy. Neurology, 2001, 56: 1133-42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petersen RC, Stevens JC, GanguLi M et aL. Practice parameter. EarLy detection of dementia: miLd cognitive impairment (an evidence-based review). Report of the OuaLity Standards Subcommittee of the AmericaAcademy of NeuroLogy. Neurology, 2001, 56: 1133-42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petersen RC, Stevens JC, GanguLi M et aL. MiLd cognitive impairment (an evidencebased review). Neurology 2001, 56: 1131-42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petersen RC, Stevens JC, GanguLi M et aL. MiLd cognitive impairment (an evidencebased review). Neurology 2001, 56: 1131-42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petersen RS, Touchon J. Consensus on miLd cognitive impairment. Research and practice in ALzheimer's disease, E.A.D.C./A.D.C.S. Joint meetihg 2005, 10: 24-32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petersen RS, Touchon J. Consensus on miLd cognitive impairment. Research and practice in ALzheimer's disease, E.A.D.C./A.D.C.S. Joint meetihg 2005, 10: 24-32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ritchie K, Artero S, Touchon J. CLassification criteria for miLd cognitive impairment: a popuLation-based vaLidation study. Neurology 2001, 56: 37-42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ritchie K, Artero S, Touchon J. CLassification criteria for miLd cognitive impairment: a popuLation-based vaLidation study. Neurology 2001, 56: 37-42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roberts JS, KarLawish JH, Petersen RC et aL. MiLd cognitive impairment in cLinicaL care. A survey of American Academy of NeuroLogy members. Neurology 2010, 75: 425-431.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roberts JS, KarLawish JH, Petersen RC et aL. MiLd cognitive impairment in cLinicaL care. A survey of American Academy of NeuroLogy members. Neurology 2010, 75: 425-431.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Teng E, Leone-Friedman J, Lee G. SimiLar Verba! FLuency Patterns in Amnestic MiLd Cognitive Impairment and ALzheimer's Disease. Arch of Cl Neuropsychol., 2013, 28: 400-410.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Teng E, Leone-Friedman J, Lee G. SimiLar Verba! FLuency Patterns in Amnestic MiLd Cognitive Impairment and ALzheimer's Disease. Arch of Cl Neuropsychol., 2013, 28: 400-410.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Modrego Pedro J, Fayed N, Sarasa M. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the prediction of earLy conversion from amnestic miLd cognitive impairment to dementia: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2011: 1-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Modrego Pedro J, Fayed N, Sarasa M. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the prediction of earLy conversion from amnestic miLd cognitive impairment to dementia: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2011: 1-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karakaya T, Fufter F. PharmacoLogicat Treatment of MiLd Cognitive Impairment as a ProdromaL Syndrome of ALzheimer's Disease. Cur. Neuropharm., 2013, 11: 102-108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karakaya T, Fufter F. PharmacoLogicat Treatment of MiLd Cognitive Impairment as a ProdromaL Syndrome of ALzheimer's Disease. Cur. Neuropharm., 2013, 11: 102-108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
