medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2015-5-94-99medsovet-178Research ArticleЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ПЕРИФЕРИЧЕСКОЙ НСDISEASES OF THE PERIPHERAL NSЭффективность препаратов тиоктовой кислоты в лечении диабетической полиневропатииEffectiveness of thioctic acid drugs (Espa-lipon) in the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathyНестероваМ. В.NesterovaM. V.noemail@neicon.ruГалкинВ. В.GalkinV. V.noemail@neicon.ruУральский государственный медицинский университет, Свердловский областной клинический психоневрологический госпиталь для ветеранов войн, ЕкатеринбургРоссияUral State Medical University, Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Psychoneurological Hospital for War Veterans, YekaterinburgRussian FederationДемидовская городская больница, Нижний ТагилРоссияDemidov City Hospital, Nizhniy TagilRussian Federation201530122015059499Copyright © Нестерова М.В., Галкин В.В., 20152015Нестерова М.В., Галкин В.В.Nesterova M.V., Galkin V.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/178

В статье рассматриваются вопросы лечения диабетической полиневропатии - наиболее частой формы неврологического осложнения сахарного диабета. Представлен патогенез, особенности диагностики и лечения с современных позиций доказательной медицины. Проведен анализ существующих на российском фармацевтическом рынке препаратов тиоктовой кислоты для лечения диабетической полиневропатии с указанием наиболее предпочтительных для использования торговых названий. Приведены результаты собственного исследования по лечению болевой формы диабетической невропатии.

This article tells about the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy - the most common neurological complications of diabetes mellitus. The pathogenesis, diagnosis and current evidence-based treatments are described. Thioctic acid drugs for the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy which are selling in the Russian pharmceutical market are reviewed, and specific trade names are recommended for use. The results of the authors' own research on the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy are demonstrated.

диабетическая полиневропатиясахарный диабеттиоктовая кислотаdiabetic polyneuropathydiabetes mellitusthioctic acidReferencesДедов И.И. Сахарный диабет в Российской Федерации: проблемы и пути решения. Сахарный диабет, 1998, 1: 7-18.Дедов И.И. Сахарный диабет в Российской Федерации: проблемы и пути решения. Сахарный диабет, 1998, 1: 7-18.Жулев Н.М. Невропатии: Руководство для врачей. СПб: Издательский дом СПбМАПО, 2005, 416.Жулев Н.М. Невропатии: Руководство для врачей. СПб: Издательский дом СПбМАПО, 2005, 416.Яхно Н.Н., Кукушкин М.Л., Давыдов О.С. и др. Результаты Российского эпидемиологического исследования распространенности невропатической боли, ее причин и характеристик в популяции амбулаторных больных, обратившихся к врачу-неврологу (EPIC Study). Боль, 2008, 3: 24-32.Яхно Н.Н., Кукушкин М.Л., Давыдов О.С. и др. Результаты Российского эпидемиологического исследования распространенности невропатической боли, ее причин и характеристик в популяции амбулаторных больных, обратившихся к врачу-неврологу (EPIC Study). Боль, 2008, 3: 24-32.Cabezas-Cerrato J. The prevalence of diabetic neuropathy in Spain: a study in primary care and hospital clinic groups. Diabetologia, 1998, 41: 1263-1269.Cabezas-Cerrato J. The prevalence of diabetic neuropathy in Spain: a study in primary care and hospital clinic groups. Diabetologia, 1998, 41: 1263-1269.Dyck PJ, Katz KM, Karnes JL et al. The prevalence by staged severity of various types of diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy in a population-based cohort: the Rochester Diabetic Neuropathy Study. Neurology. 1993, 43: 817-824.Dyck PJ, Katz KM, Karnes JL et al. The prevalence by staged severity of various types of diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy in a population-based cohort: the Rochester Diabetic Neuropathy Study. Neurology. 1993, 43: 817-824.Kumar S, Ashe HC, Parnell LN et al. The prevalence of foot ulceration and its correlates in type 2 diabetes: a population-based study. Diabe Med., 1994, 11: 480-484.Kumar S, Ashe HC, Parnell LN et al. The prevalence of foot ulceration and its correlates in type 2 diabetes: a population-based study. Diabe Med., 1994, 11: 480-484.Melton LJ, Dyck PJ, Thomas PK. In Diabetic Neuropathy. Epidemiology, 1999: 239-278.Melton LJ, Dyck PJ, Thomas PK. In Diabetic Neuropathy. Epidemiology, 1999: 239-278.Partanen J, Niskanen L, Lehtinen J, Mervaala E et al. Natural history of peripheral neuropathy in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes. New Engl J Med., 1995, 333: 39-84.Partanen J, Niskanen L, Lehtinen J, Mervaala E et al. Natural history of peripheral neuropathy in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes. New Engl J Med., 1995, 333: 39-84.Pirart J. Diabetes mellitus and its degenerative complications: a prospective study of 4,400 patients observed between 1947 and 1973. Diabetes Care. 1978, 1: 168-188.Pirart J. Diabetes mellitus and its degenerative complications: a prospective study of 4,400 patients observed between 1947 and 1973. Diabetes Care. 1978, 1: 168-188.UKPDS: Intensive blood glucose with sulphonyl-ureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Lancet. 1998, 352: 837-853.UKPDS: Intensive blood glucose with sulphonyl-ureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Lancet. 1998, 352: 837-853.Young MJ, Boulton AJM, MacLeod AF et al. A multicentre study of the prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in the United Kingdom hospital clinic population. Diabetologia. 1993, 36: 150-154.Young MJ, Boulton AJM, MacLeod AF et al. A multicentre study of the prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in the United Kingdom hospital clinic population. Diabetologia. 1993, 36: 150-154.Яхно Н.Н. Боль. Руководство для врачей и студентов. М., 2009. 304 с.Яхно Н.Н. Боль. Руководство для врачей и студентов. М., 2009. 304 с.Bouhassira D, Lanteri-Minet M, Attal N et al. Prevalence of chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics in the general population. Pain. 2008, 136: 380-387.Bouhassira D, Lanteri-Minet M, Attal N et al. Prevalence of chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics in the general population. Pain. 2008, 136: 380-387.Torrance N, Smith BH, Bennett MI et al. The epidemiology of chronic pain of predominantly neuropathic origin. Results from a general population survey. Pain. 2006, 7: 281-289.Torrance N, Smith BH, Bennett MI et al. The epidemiology of chronic pain of predominantly neuropathic origin. Results from a general population survey. Pain. 2006, 7: 281-289.Калинин А.П, Котов С.В, Рудакова И.П Неврологические расстройства при эндокринных заболеваниях: Руководство для врачей. М.: МИА, 2009, 488 с.Калинин А.П, Котов С.В, Рудакова И.П Неврологические расстройства при эндокринных заболеваниях: Руководство для врачей. М.: МИА, 2009, 488 с.Franklin GM, Kahn LB, Baxter J et al. Sensory neuropathy in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Epidemiol. 1990: 633-643.Franklin GM, Kahn LB, Baxter J et al. Sensory neuropathy in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Epidemiol. 1990: 633-643.Prevalence of Diabetic Neuropathy and Foot Ulceration: Identification of Potential Risk Factors - A Population-Based Study. Manes Ch, Papazoglou N, Sossidou E et al. 14, 2002, Wounds, Т. 1: 11-15.Prevalence of Diabetic Neuropathy and Foot Ulceration: Identification of Potential Risk Factors - A Population-Based Study. Manes Ch, Papazoglou N, Sossidou E et al. 14, 2002, Wounds, Т. 1: 11-15.Epidemiological correlates of diabetic neuropathy: report from Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study. Maser RE, Steenkiste AR, Dorman JS, Nielsen VK et al. 38, 1989, Diabetes: 1456-1461.Epidemiological correlates of diabetic neuropathy: report from Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study. Maser RE, Steenkiste AR, Dorman JS, Nielsen VK et al. 38, 1989, Diabetes: 1456-1461.Tesfaye S, Chaturvedi N, Simon EM et al. Vascular Risk Factors and Diabetic Neuropathy. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2005, 4, 352: 341-350.Tesfaye S, Chaturvedi N, Simon EM et al. Vascular Risk Factors and Diabetic Neuropathy. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2005, 4, 352: 341-350.Sorensen L, Molyneaux L, Yue DK. Insensate versus painful diabetic neuropathy: the effects of height, gender, ethnicity and glycaemic control. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2002, 57: 45-51.Sorensen L, Molyneaux L, Yue DK. Insensate versus painful diabetic neuropathy: the effects of height, gender, ethnicity and glycaemic control. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2002, 57: 45-51.Ziegler D, Gries FA, Spuler M, Lessmann F. The epidemiology of diabetic neuropathy: DiaCAN Multicenter Study Group. Diabet Med. 1993, 10: 82-86.Ziegler D, Gries FA, Spuler M, Lessmann F. The epidemiology of diabetic neuropathy: DiaCAN Multicenter Study Group. Diabet Med. 1993, 10: 82-86.Davies M, Brophy S, Williams R, Taylor A. The prevalence, severity, and impact of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006, 29: 1518-1522.Davies M, Brophy S, Williams R, Taylor A. The prevalence, severity, and impact of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006, 29: 1518-1522.Franklin GM, Shetterly SM, Cohen JA, Baxter J, Hamman R.F. Risk factors for distal symmetric neuropathy in NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1994, 17: 1172-1177.Franklin GM, Shetterly SM, Cohen JA, Baxter J, Hamman R.F. Risk factors for distal symmetric neuropathy in NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1994, 17: 1172-1177.Левин О.С. Полиневропатии. М.: МИА, 2011. 496 с.Левин О.С. Полиневропатии. М.: МИА, 2011. 496 с.Pittenger GL, Malik RA, Burcus N, Boulton AJ, Vinik A.I. Specific fiber deficits in sensorimotor diabetic polyneuropathy correspond to cytotoxicity against neuroblastoma cells of sera from patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1999, 22: 18.Pittenger GL, Malik RA, Burcus N, Boulton AJ, Vinik A.I. Specific fiber deficits in sensorimotor diabetic polyneuropathy correspond to cytotoxicity against neuroblastoma cells of sera from patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1999, 22: 18.Srinivasan S, Stevens MJ, Sheng H, Hall KE, Wiley JW. Serum from patients with type 2 diabetes with neuropathy induces complement-independent, calcium-dependent apoptosis in cultured neuronal cells. J Clin Invest. 1998, 102: 1454-1462.Srinivasan S, Stevens MJ, Sheng H, Hall KE, Wiley JW. Serum from patients with type 2 diabetes with neuropathy induces complement-independent, calcium-dependent apoptosis in cultured neuronal cells. J Clin Invest. 1998, 102: 1454-1462.Strokov IA, Bursa TR, Drepa OI et al. Predisposing genetic factors for diabetic poly-neuropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes: a population-based case-control study. Acta dia-betologica. 2003, 2, 40: 375-379.Strokov IA, Bursa TR, Drepa OI et al. Predisposing genetic factors for diabetic poly-neuropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes: a population-based case-control study. Acta dia-betologica. 2003, 2, 40: 375-379.Brownlee M. Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications. Nature. 2001, 414: 813-820.Brownlee M. Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications. Nature. 2001, 414: 813-820.Brownlee M. The pathobiology of diabetic complications. A unifying mechanism. Diabetes. 2005, 54: 1615-1625.Brownlee M. The pathobiology of diabetic complications. A unifying mechanism. Diabetes. 2005, 54: 1615-1625.Pfiefer MA, Schumer MP. Clinical trials of diabetic neuropathy: Past, present and future. Diabetes. 1995, 44: 1355-1361.Pfiefer MA, Schumer MP. Clinical trials of diabetic neuropathy: Past, present and future. Diabetes. 1995, 44: 1355-1361.DCCT (The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group). The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1993, 329: 977-986.DCCT (The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group). The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1993, 329: 977-986.Azad N, Emanuele NV, Abraira C, Henderson WG et al. The effects of intensive glycemic control on neuropathy in the VA Cooperative Study on Type II Diabetes Mellitus (VACSDM). J Diabetes Compl. 1999, 13: 307-313.Azad N, Emanuele NV, Abraira C, Henderson WG et al. The effects of intensive glycemic control on neuropathy in the VA Cooperative Study on Type II Diabetes Mellitus (VACSDM). J Diabetes Compl. 1999, 13: 307-313.Gaede P, Lund-Andersen H, Parving H-H, Pedersen O. Effect of a multifactorial intervention on mortality in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008, 358: 580-591.Gaede P, Lund-Andersen H, Parving H-H, Pedersen O. Effect of a multifactorial intervention on mortality in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008, 358: 580-591.Gaede P, Vedel P, Larsen N, Jensen GV et al. Multifactorial intervention and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2003, 348: 383-393.Gaede P, Vedel P, Larsen N, Jensen GV et al. Multifactorial intervention and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2003, 348: 383-393.Pitale SU, Abraira C, Emanuele NV et al. Two years of intensive glycemic control and left ventricular function in the Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (VACSDM). Diabet Care. 2000, 23: 1316-1320.Pitale SU, Abraira C, Emanuele NV et al. Two years of intensive glycemic control and left ventricular function in the Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (VACSDM). Diabet Care. 2000, 23: 1316-1320.Ефимов А., Зуева Н., Скробонская Н. Диабетические ангиопатии: этиология и патогенез. Лiки Укра/ни. 2004, 11: 36-38.Ефимов А., Зуева Н., Скробонская Н. Диабетические ангиопатии: этиология и патогенез. Лiки Укра/ни. 2004, 11: 36-38.Ефимов А.С. Диабетические ангиопатии. М., 1989.Ефимов А.С. Диабетические ангиопатии. М., 1989.Дедов И.И., Анциферов М.Б., Палстян П.Р., Токмакова А.Ю. Синдром диабетической стопы: клиника, диагностика, лечение и профилактика. М., 1998: 138 с.Дедов И.И., Анциферов М.Б., Палстян П.Р., Токмакова А.Ю. Синдром диабетической стопы: клиника, диагностика, лечение и профилактика. М., 1998: 138 с.Carrington AL, Abbott CA, Shaw JE, Vileikyte L, Van Schie CHM, Boulton AJM. Can motor nerve conduction velocity predict foot problems in diabetic neuropathy over a 6-year outcome period? Diabetes Care. 2002, 25: 2010-2015.Carrington AL, Abbott CA, Shaw JE, Vileikyte L, Van Schie CHM, Boulton AJM. Can motor nerve conduction velocity predict foot problems in diabetic neuropathy over a 6-year outcome period? Diabetes Care. 2002, 25: 2010-2015.Thomas PK. Classification of the diabetic neuropathies. [авт. книги] Cameron NE, Low PA, Ziegler D. Gries FA. Thomas PK.: ClassDiabetic Neuropathy. Stuttgart : Thieme, 2003: 175-177.Thomas PK. Classification of the diabetic neuropathies. [авт. книги] Cameron NE, Low PA, Ziegler D. Gries FA. Thomas PK.: ClassDiabetic Neuropathy. Stuttgart : Thieme, 2003: 175-177.Thomas PK. Classification, differential diagnosis and staging of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabetes. 1997, 46: 54-57.Thomas PK. Classification, differential diagnosis and staging of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabetes. 1997, 46: 54-57.Dyck PJ. Severity and staging of diabetic polyneuropathy. [авт. книги] Cameron NE, Low PA, Ziegler D. Gries FA. Diabetic Neuropathy. Stuttgart: Thieme, 2003: 170-175.Dyck PJ. Severity and staging of diabetic polyneuropathy. [авт. книги] Cameron NE, Low PA, Ziegler D. Gries FA. Diabetic Neuropathy. Stuttgart: Thieme, 2003: 170-175.Северина Т.И., Тарасов А.В., Трельская Н.Ю., Шилова О.Л., Дрометр А.В. Результаты применения тиоктацида в лечении диабетической нейропатии у больных СД 1 типа. Сахарный диабет. 2000, 4: 33-35.Северина Т.И., Тарасов А.В., Трельская Н.Ю., Шилова О.Л., Дрометр А.В. Результаты применения тиоктацида в лечении диабетической нейропатии у больных СД 1 типа. Сахарный диабет. 2000, 4: 33-35.Строков И.А., Строков К.И., Ахмеджанова Л.Л., Албекова Ж.С. Тиоктацид в лечении диабетической полиневропатии. Трудный пациент. 2008, 12: 19-23.Строков И.А., Строков К.И., Ахмеджанова Л.Л., Албекова Ж.С. Тиоктацид в лечении диабетической полиневропатии. Трудный пациент. 2008, 12: 19-23.Строков И.А., Козлова Н.А., Мозолевский Ю.В. и др. Эффективность внутривенного введения трометамоловой соли тиоктовой (a-липоевой) кислоты при диабетической невропатии. Журнал неврология и психиатрия. 1999, 99, 6: 8-22.Строков И.А., Козлова Н.А., Мозолевский Ю.В. и др. Эффективность внутривенного введения трометамоловой соли тиоктовой (a-липоевой) кислоты при диабетической невропатии. Журнал неврология и психиатрия. 1999, 99, 6: 8-22.Salinthone S, Yadav V, Schillace RV et al. Lipoic acid attenuates inflammation via cAMP and protein kinase A signaling. PLoS One. 2010, 9, 5: 13058.Salinthone S, Yadav V, Schillace RV et al. Lipoic acid attenuates inflammation via cAMP and protein kinase A signaling. PLoS One. 2010, 9, 5: 13058.Меньщикова Е.Б., Ланкин В.З., Зенков Н.К. и др. Окислительный стресс. Прооксиданты и антиоксиданты. М.: Слово, 2006: 553.Меньщикова Е.Б., Ланкин В.З., Зенков Н.К. и др. Окислительный стресс. Прооксиданты и антиоксиданты. М.: Слово, 2006: 553.Белоусов Ю.Б., Афанасьева Е.В., Белоусов Д.Ю., Зырянов С.К. Применение тиоктовой кислоты в терапии диабетической полиневропатии. Качественная клиническая практика. 2011, 1: 85-91.Белоусов Ю.Б., Афанасьева Е.В., Белоусов Д.Ю., Зырянов С.К. Применение тиоктовой кислоты в терапии диабетической полиневропатии. Качественная клиническая практика. 2011, 1: 85-91.Ametov AS, Barinov A, Dyck PJ et al. The Sensory Symptoms of Diabetic Polyneuropathy Are Improved With Lipoic Acid (The SYDNEY Trial). Diabetes Care. 2003, 26: 770-776.Ametov AS, Barinov A, Dyck PJ et al. The Sensory Symptoms of Diabetic Polyneuropathy Are Improved With Lipoic Acid (The SYDNEY Trial). Diabetes Care. 2003, 26: 770-776.Reljanovic M, Reichel G, Rett K et al. Treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy with the antioxidant thioctic acid (alpha-lipoic acid): a two year multicentre randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial (ALADIN II). Free RadicRes. 1999, 31: 17.Reljanovic M, Reichel G, Rett K et al. Treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy with the antioxidant thioctic acid (alpha-lipoic acid): a two year multicentre randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial (ALADIN II). Free RadicRes. 1999, 31: 17.Ziegler D, Hanefeld M, Ruhnau K et al. And the ALADIN Study group: treatment of symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy with the anti-oxidant a-lipoid acid. Diabetologica. 1995, 38: 1425-1433.Ziegler D, Hanefeld M, Ruhnau K et al. And the ALADIN Study group: treatment of symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy with the anti-oxidant a-lipoid acid. Diabetologica. 1995, 38: 1425-1433.Ziegler D, Hanefeld M, Ruhnau KJ et al. Treatment of symptomatic diabetic polyneu-ropathy with the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid: a 7-month multicentre randomized controlled trial (ALADIN III Study). ALADIN III Study Group. Diabetes Care. 1999, 22: 1296-1301.Ziegler D, Hanefeld M, Ruhnau KJ et al. Treatment of symptomatic diabetic polyneu-ropathy with the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid: a 7-month multicentre randomized controlled trial (ALADIN III Study). ALADIN III Study Group. Diabetes Care. 1999, 22: 1296-1301.Ziegler D, Nowak H, Kemplert P et al. Treatment of symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy with antioxidant a-lipoic acid: a meta-analysis. Diabetic Medicine 2004. Vol. 21. P. 114-21. Diabetic Medicine. 2004, 21: 114-121.Ziegler D, Nowak H, Kemplert P et al. Treatment of symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy with antioxidant a-lipoic acid: a meta-analysis. Diabetic Medicine 2004. Vol. 21. P. 114-21. Diabetic Medicine. 2004, 21: 114-121.Ziegler D, Ametov A, Barinov A et al. Oral treatment with alpha-lipoic acid improves symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy: the SYDNEY 2 trial. Diabetes Care. 2006, 29: 2365-2370.Ziegler D, Ametov A, Barinov A et al. Oral treatment with alpha-lipoic acid improves symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy: the SYDNEY 2 trial. Diabetes Care. 2006, 29: 2365-2370.Ziegler D, Gries FA. Alpha-lipoic acid in the treatment of diabetic peripheral and cardiac autonomic neuropathy. Diabetes. 1997, Т. 2, 46: 562-566.Ziegler D, Gries FA. Alpha-lipoic acid in the treatment of diabetic peripheral and cardiac autonomic neuropathy. Diabetes. 1997, Т. 2, 46: 562-566.Han T, Bai J, Liu W, Hu Y. A systematic review and meta-analysis of a-lipoic acid in the treatment of diabetic peri-pheral neuropathy. Eur J. Endocrinol. 2012, 167: 465-471.Han T, Bai J, Liu W, Hu Y. A systematic review and meta-analysis of a-lipoic acid in the treatment of diabetic peri-pheral neuropathy. Eur J. Endocrinol. 2012, 167: 465-471.Меньщикова Е.П, Зенков Н.К., Ланкин В.З. и др. Окислительный стресс. Патологические состояния и заболевания. Новосибирск: АРТА, 2008. 284.Меньщикова Е.П, Зенков Н.К., Ланкин В.З. и др. Окислительный стресс. Патологические состояния и заболевания. Новосибирск: АРТА, 2008. 284.Ansar H, Mazloom Z, Kazemi F, Hejazi N. Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on blood glucose, insulin resistance and gluta-thione peroxidase of type 2 diabetic patients. Saudi. Med. J. 2011. 32. 6: 584-588. Saudi. Med. J. 2011, 6, 32: 584-588.Ansar H, Mazloom Z, Kazemi F, Hejazi N. Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on blood glucose, insulin resistance and gluta-thione peroxidase of type 2 diabetic patients. Saudi. Med. J. 2011. 32. 6: 584-588. Saudi. Med. J. 2011, 6, 32: 584-588.Porasuphatana S, Suddee S, Nartnampong A et al. Glycemic and oxidative status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus following oral administration of alpha-lipoic acid: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 2012, 1, 21: 12-21.Porasuphatana S, Suddee S, Nartnampong A et al. Glycemic and oxidative status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus following oral administration of alpha-lipoic acid: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 2012, 1, 21: 12-21.Wang L, Wu CG, Fang CO et al. The protective effect of a-Lipoic acid on mitochondria in the kidney of diabetic rats. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2013, 2, 6: 90-97.Wang L, Wu CG, Fang CO et al. The protective effect of a-Lipoic acid on mitochondria in the kidney of diabetic rats. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2013, 2, 6: 90-97.Трахенберг Ю.А., Миленькая Т.М., Аметов А.С., Демидова Т.Ю. Изучение эффективности аль-фа-липоевой кислоты у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа и непролиферативной диабетической ретинопатией. Сахарный диабет. 2006, 3: 39-41.Трахенберг Ю.А., Миленькая Т.М., Аметов А.С., Демидова Т.Ю. Изучение эффективности аль-фа-липоевой кислоты у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа и непролиферативной диабетической ретинопатией. Сахарный диабет. 2006, 3: 39-41.Heinisch BB, Francesconi M, Mittermayer F et al. Alpha-lipoic acid improves vascular endo-thelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes: a placebo-controlled randomized trial. Eur J. Clin. Invest. 2010, 2, 40: 148-154.Heinisch BB, Francesconi M, Mittermayer F et al. Alpha-lipoic acid improves vascular endo-thelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes: a placebo-controlled randomized trial. Eur J. Clin. Invest. 2010, 2, 40: 148-154.Haritoglou C, Gerss J, Hammes HP et al. Alpha-lipoic acid for the prevention of diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmologic. 2011, 3, 226: 127-137,Haritoglou C, Gerss J, Hammes HP et al. Alpha-lipoic acid for the prevention of diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmologic. 2011, 3, 226: 127-137,Недосугова Л.В. Альфа-липоевая кислота (Эспа-Липон) в комплексном лечении диабетической нейропатии. Международный эндокринологический журнал. 2007, 8, 2: 49-51.Недосугова Л.В. Альфа-липоевая кислота (Эспа-Липон) в комплексном лечении диабетической нейропатии. Международный эндокринологический журнал. 2007, 8, 2: 49-51.Белова А.Н. Нейрореабилитация. М., 2003, 734.Белова А.Н. Нейрореабилитация. М., 2003, 734.Бреговский В.Б. Болевые формы диабетической полиневропатии нижних конечностей: современные представления и возможности лечения (обзор литературы). Боль. 2008, 1: 29-34.Бреговский В.Б. Болевые формы диабетической полиневропатии нижних конечностей: современные представления и возможности лечения (обзор литературы). Боль. 2008, 1: 29-34.Строков И.А., Баринов А.Н. Клиника, патогенез и лечение болевого синдрома при диабетической полиневропатии. Неврологический журнал. 2001, 6: 47-54.Строков И.А., Баринов А.Н. Клиника, патогенез и лечение болевого синдрома при диабетической полиневропатии. Неврологический журнал. 2001, 6: 47-54.Клиническое исследование Espalipon II. Дозировка 600 мг (№ исследования 616-1494-002 02.05.1995).Клиническое исследование Espalipon II. Дозировка 600 мг (№ исследования 616-1494-002 02.05.1995).

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.