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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2015-8-66-73</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-231</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОНКОЛОГИЯ И ОНКОГЕМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONCOLOGY AND ONCOHEMATOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Последовательная таргетная терапия у больных метастатическим раком почки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Consecutive targeted therapy in patients with metastatic kidney cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калпинский</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalpinskiy</surname><given-names>А. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каприн</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaprin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нюшко</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nyushko</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>P.A. Gertsen Research Institute of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена; Российский университет дружбы народов, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>P.A. Gertsen Research Institute of Oncology; Russian Peoples' Friendship University, Medical Faculty, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Калпинский А.С., Каприн А.Д., Костин А.А., Нюшко К.М., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Калпинский А.С., Каприн А.Д., Костин А.А., Нюшко К.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalpinskiy  А.S., Kaprin  A.D., Kostin  A.A., Nyushko  K.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/231">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/231</self-uri><abstract><p>Ежегодно в мире регистрируют более 200 тыс. новых больных почечно-клеточным раком (ПКР). У 25% первичных больных при обследовании диагностируют метастатический ПКР (мПКР) и у 20-40% больных после радикально выполненного хирургического вмешательства в последующем диагностируют прогрессирование заболевания с появлением метастазов. Таким образом, заболеваемость местно-рас-пространенным и мПКР остается высокой. Ингибиторы тирозинкиназ продемонстрировали эффективность в лечении мПКР в рандомизированных исследованиях, сравнивающих исследуемый препарат с цитокиновой терапией или плацебо. Одним из первых исследований, прямо сравнивающих таргетные препараты, стало рандомизированное исследование 3 фазы AXIS, в котором изучали эффективность акситиниба в прямом сравнении с сорафенибом у больных мПКР, спрогрессировавших на системной терапии 1 линии. В исследование включили 723 пациента мПКР, которых рандомизировали 1:1 на прием акситиниба (n = 361) и сорафениба (n = 362). Ранее получали сунитиниб 389 (54%) больных, 251 (35%) - цитокины, 59 (8%) - бевацизумаб, и 24 (3%) - темсиролимус. Медиана общей выживаемости составила 20,1 мес. в группе акситиниба и 19,2 мес. в группе сорафениба (р = 0,374). Медиана выживаемости без прогрессирования в общей популяции пациентов была достоверно выше в группе акситиниба по сравнению с сорафенибом (6,7 мес. и 4,7 мес., р &lt; 0,0001) (р &lt; 0,0001). Высокая частота регистрации артериальной гипертензии (17%), ассоциированной с применением препарата акситиниб, при детальном анализе оказалась достоверным фактором прогноза эффективности таргетной терапии. Медиана общей выживаемости больных с развившейся в течение 12 нед. после рандомизации артериальной гипертензией у пациентов с диастолическим артериальным давлением (АД) £ 90 мм рт. ст. была достоверно продолжительнее, чем у больных с диастолическим АД &lt; 90 мм рт. ст.: 20,7 мес. против 12,9 мес. в группе акситиниба (р = 0,0116) и 20,2 мес. против 14,8 мес. в группе сорафениба (р = 0,0020). Акситиниб - один из первых таргетных препаратов, который продемонстрировал эффективность в прямом сравнении с другим таргетным препаратом, - сорафенибом - в рамках рандомизированного исследования 3 фазы AXIS у больных мПКР, спрогрессировавших на фоне системной терапии 1 линии. Акситиниб по сравнению с сорафенибом достоверно увеличивал медиану выживаемости без прогрес-сирования вне зависимости от терапии первой линии (терапия цитокинами или ингибиторами тирозинкиназ, р &lt; 0,0001). Акситиниб обладает удовлетворительным профилем безопасности, а артериальная гипертензия, ассоциированная с применением препарата акситиниб, является подтвержденным маркером эффективности таргетной терапии. Соблюдение рекомендаций по оптимизации дозы акситиниба и коррекция артериальной гипертензии у больных мПКР позволяют достигать наилучшей выживаемости.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Every year, more than 200 thousand new cases of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are registered worldwide. 25% of patients at primary examination are diagnosed with metastatic RCC (mRCC), and 20--40% of patients after radical surgery later demonstrate cancer progression and metastases. Thus, the incidence of locally advanced mRCC remains high. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of mRCC in randomized trials comparing investigational drug with cytokine therapy or placebo. The randomized phase 3 AHIS trial was among the first studies directly comparing targeted therapies in which the efficacy of axitinib was directly compared with that of sorafenib in patients with mRCC which progressed after 1-line systemic therapy. 723 patients with mRCC were included in the trial who were randomized 1:1 to receive axitinib (n = 361) and sorafenib (n = 362). 389 (54%) patients earlier received sunitinib, 251 (35%) - cytokines, 59 (8%) - bevacizumab, and 24 (3%) - temsirolimus. The overall median survival was 20.1 months for the axitinib group and 19.2 months for the sorafenib group (p = 0.374). Median progression-free survival in the total population was significantly longer in the axitinib group compared to the sorafenib group (6.7 and 4.7 months, р &lt; 0.0001) (р &lt; 0.0001). After a detailed analysis, high incidence of arterial hypertension (17%) induced by axitinib proved to be a reliable predictor of the effectiveness of targeted therapy. Median overall survival in patients who developed hypertension 12 weeks after randomization and had diastolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 90 mm Hg was significantly longer than in patients with diastolic blood pressure &lt;90 mm Hg: 20.7 vs. 12.9 monthsin the axitinib group (p = 0.0116) and 20.2 vs 14.8 months in the sorafenib group (р = 0.0020). Axitinib is one of the first targeted therapies that demonstrated efficacy in a comparison with another targeted therapy - sorafenib - in the randomized phase 3 AXIS trial in patients with mRCC which progressed after 1-line systemic therapy. Axitinib, compared with sorafenib, significantly increased median progression-free survival regardless of the first-line therapy (cytokine or tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy, p &lt;0.0001). Axitinib has a satisfactory safety profile, and hypertension induced by the use of axitinib is valid marker of the effectiveness of targeted therapy. Compliance with guidelines for optimizing axitinib dosage and management of hypertension in patients with mRCC helps to achieve the best survival rates.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метастатический почечно-клеточный рак</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы ангиогенеза</kwd><kwd>акситиниб</kwd><kwd>metastatic renal cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>angiogenesis inhibitors</kwd><kwd>axitinib</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Escudier B, Eisen T, Stadler W et al. Sorafenib in advanced clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med, 2007, 356: 125-134.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Escudier B, Eisen T, Stadler W et al. Sorafenib in advanced clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma. 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