medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2018-3-15-17medsovet-2447Research ArticleЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ПИЩЕВОДА И ЖЕЛУДКАESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC DISEASESФункциональная диспепсия в практике врача-терапевтаFunctional dyspepsia in practice of the doctor-therapistБарановС. А.BaranovS. A.

к.м.н.

PhD in medicine

НечаевВ. М.NechaevV. M.

к.м.н.

PhD in medicine

Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)РоссияSechenov First Moscow state medical university Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian Federation201819042018031517Copyright © Баранов С.А., Нечаев В.М., 20182018Баранов С.А., Нечаев В.М.Baranov S.A., Nechaev V.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/2447

Функциональная диспепсия есть распространенный синдром, проявлениями которого могут быть боль или ощущение жжения в эпигастрии, чувство раннего насыщения и переполнения в подложечной области, отмечающиеся в течение последних 3 месяцев, возникшие не менее чем за 6 месяцев до постановки диагноза и которые нельзя объяснить органическими заболеваниями. В соответствии с Римскими диагностическими критериями IV пересмотра диагноз «функциональная диспепсия» ставится методом исключения с органическими заболеваниями верхнего отдела желудочно-кишечного тракта (язвенная болезнь, хронический гастрит, гастроэзофагеальная рефлюксная болезнь). Традиционно и вполне обоснованно считается, что функциональная диспепсия относится к группе психосоматических заболеваний, однако в ее патогенезе большая роль отводится местным моторным нарушениям (антродуоденальная дискоординация вследствие дисбаланса кишечных нейромедиаторов и гастроинтестинальных гормонов), а также бихевиоральным факторам (пищевой стереотип, алкоголь и табакокурение) и хроническому поражению интрамуральных нервных сплетений пищеварительного тракта токсинами патологической кишечной микрофлоры. Функциональная диспепсия значительно снижает качество жизни пациентов, что требует своевременного ее выявления и лечения.

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is the widespread syndrome the pain or sensation of a burning sensation in epigastriums, feeling of early saturation and overflow in an anticardium can be which implications, becoming perceptible during last 3 months which have arisen not less than 6 months prior to statement of the diagnosis and which it is impossible to explain organic diseases. According to the Roman diagnostic criteria of IV revision, diagnosis FD is put by process of elimination with organic diseases of the top department of a gastroenteric tract (a peptic ulcer, a chronic gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux illness). Traditionally and quite soundly it is considered that FD concerns group of psychosomatic diseases, however in its pathogenesis the big role is taken away to local motor disturbances (an antroduodenal dyscoordination owing to a disbalance of intestinal neuromediators and gastrointestinal hormones), and also to behavior factors (an alimentary stereotype, alcohol and a tobacco smoking) and to a chronic lesion of intramural nervous plexuses of a digestive tube by toxins of a pathological intestinal microflora. FD considerably reduces quality of life of patients that demands its timely revealing and treatment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.