medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2018-3-104-110medsovet-2462Research ArticleИНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И ЛЕЧЕНИЯМанометрия высокого разрешения в диагностике нарушений двигательной функции пищеводаHigh-resolution manometry in the diagnosis of oesophageal motility disordersБаркаловаЕ. В.BarkalovaE. V.

Лаборатория функциональных методов исследования в гастроэнтерологии, Москва

Laboratory of Functional Methods of Diagnosis in Gastroenterology, Moscow

КучерявыйЮ. А.KucheryavyYu. A.

к.м.н.

Лаборатория функциональных методов исследования в гастроэнтерологии, Москва

PhD in medicine

Laboratory of Functional Methods of Diagnosis in Gastroenterology, Moscow

МаевИ. В.MaevI. V.

акад. РАН, д.м.н., профессор

Лаборатория функциональных методов исследования в гастроэнтерологии, Москва

MD, Prof.

Laboratory of Functional Methods of Diagnosis in Gastroenterology, Moscow

Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова Минздрава РФРоссияA.I.Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation20182004201803104110Copyright © Баркалова Е.В., Кучерявый Ю.А., Маев И.В., 20182018Баркалова Е.В., Кучерявый Ю.А., Маев И.В.Barkalova E.V., Kucheryavy Y.A., Maev I.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/2462

Манометрия пищевода высокого разрешения – современный метод исследования, который используется во всем мире в качестве «золотого стандарта» оценки эзофагеальной моторики. С целью интерпретации манометрических данных применяется Чикагская классификация. Она обеспечивает стандартизированный подход к анализу и классификации моторных нарушений, что облегчает их диагностику и помогает в выборе тактики лечения. Выделяют четыре основные категории двигательных расстройств: 1. Расстройства с нарушением проходимости пищеводно-желудочного соединения (ахалазия I, II, III типов, обструкция пищеводно-желудочного соединения). 2. Большие расстройства перистальтики (дистальный эзофагоспазм, гиперконтрактильный пищевод, отсутствие сократимости). 3. Малые расстройства перистальтики (неэффективная моторика, фрагментированная перистальтика). 4. Нормальная моторика пищевода. Чикагская классификация включает в себя только первичные расстройства моторики. Двигательные нарушения со стороны верхнего пищеводного сфинктера, особенности моторики после оперативных вмешательств на пищеводе не имеют классификационных критериев. Однако в дальнейшем стоит ожидать усовершенствования и расширения Чикагской классификации также в отношении данных состояний.

Esophageal high-resolution manometry is a modern method of diagnosis performed worldwide as the gold standard for assessing esophageal motility. The Chicago classification is applied to interpret the manometric findings. It provides a standardized approach to the analysis and classification of motility disorders, which facilitates a diagnosis of esophageal motility disorders and helps select a tactic for treatment. There are four major categories of motility disorders: 1. Disorders with esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (types I, II, III achalasia, esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction). 2. Major disorders of peristalsis (distal esophageal spasm, jackhammer esophagus, absent contractility). 3. Minor disorders of peristalsis (ineffective motility, fragmented peristalsis) 4. Normal esophageal motility. Only primary esophageal motility disorders are addressed in the Chicago Classification. Motility disorders of the upper esophageal sphincter, motility abnormalities after surgical esophagus interventions do not have classification criteria. However, in the future the Chicago classification is expected to be improved and expanded to cover these disorders.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.