medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2018-10-128-133medsovet-2543Research ArticleОбзорыReviewsРоль кишечной микробиоты в формировании ответа на иммунотерапию злокачественных новообразований: состояние проблемыThe role of gut microbiota in forming a response to immunotherapy of malignant neoplasms: problem stateСемиглазоваТ. Ю.SemiglazovaT. Yu.

Доктор медицинских наук 

Санкт-Петербург

БришН. А.BrishN. A.ГалуноваТ. Ю.GalunovaT. Yu.БернацкийА. С.BernatskiyA. S.СемиглазовВ. В.SemiglazovV. V.

Доктор медицинских наук 

Санкт-Петербург

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияN.N.Petrov National Medical Research Centre of Oncology the Ministry of Health of Russia; I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияN.N.Petrov National Medical Research Centre of Oncology the Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияN.N.Petrov National Medical Research Centre of Oncology the Ministry of Health of Russia; I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation201818072018010128133Copyright © Семиглазова Т.Ю., Бриш Н.А., Галунова Т.Ю., Бернацкий А.С., Семиглазов В.В., 20182018Семиглазова Т.Ю., Бриш Н.А., Галунова Т.Ю., Бернацкий А.С., Семиглазов В.В.Semiglazova T.Y., Brish N.A., Galunova T.Y., Bernatskiy A.S., Semiglazov V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/2543

Современная концепция симбиотических взаимоотношений между макроорганизмом и микробиотой кишечника не вызывает сомнений. На состав микробиоты прежде всего влияют факторы окружающей среды, генетические и иммунные факторы организма хозяина. Дисбиоз кишечника может привести к доминированию некоторых видов бактерий, способствующих активации механизмов канцерогенеза и развитию злокачественных опухолей толстой кишки за счет хронического воспаления или местной иммуносупрессии. В эру иммуноонкологии роль кишечной микробиоты в формировании ответа на иммунотерапию злокачественных новообразований представляет большой интерес для медицинского сообщества. Учитывая, что состав кишечной микробиоты является индивидуальным для каждого человека, ее исследование как нельзя лучше вписывается в набирающую силу концепцию персонализированного медицинского подхода.

The modern concept of symbiotic relationship between the macroorganism and the gut microbiota is practically assured. The microbiota composition is primarily influenced by environmental factors, genetic and immune factors of the host organism. The gut dysbiosis can lead to the dominance of certain types of bacteria that promote the activation of carcinogenesis mechanisms and the development of malignant tumours of the colon due to chronic inflammation or local immunosuppression. The role of the intestinal microbiota in forming a response to the immunotherapy of malignant neoplasms is of great interest to the medical community in the era of immunooncology. Given that the gut microbiota composition is individual for each person, its examination fits nicely into the up-and-coming concept of a personalized medical approach.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.