<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2018-17-22-29</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-2692</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НЕОНАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEONATOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кесарево сечение и проблемы лактации у женщин</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Caesarean section and lactation problems in women</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Ирина Николаевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный врач России, заведующая кафедрой педиатрии с курсом поликлинической педиатрии им. академика Г.Н. Сперанского ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России, член исполкома Союза педиатров России, полный член EAACI, ESPGHAN</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бережная</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezhnaya</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бережная Ирина Владимировна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры педиатрии с курсом поликлинической педиатрии им. академика Г.Н. Сперанского ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</p><p>Москва, Химки</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p><p>Khimki, Paediatrics Department</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Санникова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sannikova</surname><given-names>Т. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санникова Туйаара Николаевна – кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель главного врача по детству и родовспоможению</p><p>Oтделение педиатрии</p><p>Химки</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Paediatrics Department</p><p>Khimki</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малкандуева</surname><given-names>Ж. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malkandueva</surname><given-names>Z. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малкандуева Жанетта Хусейновна – заведующая детской поликлиникой № 3 Красногорской городской больницы № 2 Московской области</p><p>Красногорск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучина</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuchina</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кучина Анастасия Евгеньевна – аспирант кафедры педиатрии с курсом поликлинической педиатрии им. академика Г.Н. Сперанского ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</p><p>Москва, Красногорск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сазанова</surname><given-names>Ю. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sazanova</surname><given-names>Yu. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сазанова Юлия Олеговна – аспирант кафедры педиатрии с курсом поликлинической педиатрии им. академика Г.Н. Сперанского</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дедикова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dedikova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дедикова Ольга Валерьевна – клинический ординатор кафедры педиатрии с курсом поликлинической педиатрии им. академика Г.Н. Сперанского</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кольцов</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koltsov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кольцов Константин Анатольевич – врач-педиатр, кафедра педиатрии с курсом поликлинической педиатрии им. академика Г.Н. Сперанского</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России;&#13;
Химкинская центральная клиническая больница, отделение педиатрии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Khimki Central Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Химкинская центральная клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Khimki Central Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Красногорская городская больница №2, детская поликлиника №3»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krasnogorsk City Hospital No. 2, Children’s Clinic No. 3</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России;&#13;
ГБУЗ МО «Красногорская городская больница №2, детская поликлиника №3»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
 Krasnogorsk City Hospital No. 2, Children’s Clinic No. 3</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>17</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захарова И.Н., Бережная И.В., Санникова Т.Н., Малкандуева Ж.Х., Кучина А.Е., Сазанова Ю.О., Дедикова О.В., Кольцов К.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захарова И.Н., Бережная И.В., Санникова Т.Н., Малкандуева Ж.Х., Кучина А.Е., Сазанова Ю.О., Дедикова О.В., Кольцов К.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharova I.N., Berezhnaya I.V., Sannikova Т.N., Malkandueva Z.H., Kuchina A.E., Sazanova Y.О., Dedikova O.V., Koltsov K.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/2692">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/2692</self-uri><abstract><p>К сожалению, не каждая молочная железа функционирует в полном объеме, выполняя свою основную функцию – продукцию молока для кормления младенца. Чаще это связано с техническими ошибками при вскармливании ребенка, в результате чего могут появляться трещины, мацерация сосков, и женщины прекращают грудное вскармливание. Одна из наиболее частых проблем, встречающихся при естественном вскармливании, – лактостаз. В статье освещены вопросы физиологии лактации, обсуждаются проблемы, возникающие при лактации, факторы риска развития гипогалактии, а также приведены правила использования молокоотсосов для поддержания лактации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Unfortunately, not every mammary gland functions in full when fulfils its main function, which is milk production for infant feeding. Most often, the technical errors during breastfeeding the baby cause nipple cracks, maceration and women stop breastfeeding. Engorgement is one of the most common problems faced during natural breastfeeding. The article highlights the issues of the physiology of lactation, discusses the problems arising during lactation, the risk factors for the development of hypogalactia, and describes the rules for using breast pumps to maintain lactation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>грудное молоко</kwd><kwd>лактация</kwd><kwd>проблемы</kwd><kwd>возникающие при лактации</kwd><kwd>лактостаз</kwd><kwd>кесарево сечение</kwd><kwd>грудное вскармливание</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>breast milk</kwd><kwd>lactation</kwd><kwd>problems arising during lactation</kwd><kwd>engorgement</kwd><kwd>cesarean section</kwd><kwd>breastfeeding</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Строева Л.Е., Мозжухина Л.И., Калгина С.Е., Ратынская Н.В., Горячева Н.Ю. Почему не всегда эффективна главная функция молочных желез – лактация (анализ результатов анкетирования 744 кормящих грудью матерей). II Национальный конгресс «Онкология репродуктивных органов: от профилактики и раннего выявления к эффективному лечению», 11–13 мая 2017 года, Москва. Исследования и практика в медицине, 2017, 2: 87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stroeva LE, Mozzhukhina LI, Kalgina SE, Ratynskaya NV, Goryacheva NYu. Why the main function of the mammary glands lactation is not always effective (outcome analysis of the questionnaire survey of 744 breastfeeding mothers). The 2nd National Congress “Oncology of the reproductive organs: from prevention and early detection to effective treatment”, May 11–13, 2017, Moscow. Issledovaniya i Praktika v Meditsine, 2017, 2: 87.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nnebe-Agumadu UH, Racine EF, Laditka SB, Coffman MJ. Associations between perceived value of exclusive breastfeeding among pregnant women in the United States and exclusive breastfeeding to three and six months postpartum: a prospective study. International Breastfeeding Journal, 2016, 11: 8. https: //doi.org/10.1186/s13006-016-0065-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nnebe-Agumadu UH, Racine EF, Laditka SB, Coffman MJ. Associations between perceived value of exclusive breastfeeding among pregnant women in the United States and exclusive breastfeeding to three and six months postpartum: a prospective study. International Breastfeeding Journal, 2016, 11: 8. https: //doi.org/10.1186/s13006-016-0065-x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">CDC. Progress in increasing breastfeeding and reducing racial/ethnic differences united states, 2000-2008 births. Morbidity Mortal Week Report, 2013, 62(5): 77–80.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDC. Progress in increasing breastfeeding and reducing racial/ethnic differences united states, 2000-2008 births. Morbidity Mortal Week Report, 2013, 62(5): 77–80.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bai YK, Middlestadt SE, Joanne Peng CY, Fly AD. Psychosocial factors underlying the mother’s decision to continue exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months: an elicitation study. J Hum Nutr Diet, 2009, 22(2): 134–140.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bai YK, Middlestadt SE, Joanne Peng CY, Fly AD. Psychosocial factors underlying the mother’s decision to continue exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months: an elicitation study. J Hum Nutr Diet, 2009, 22(2): 134–140.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Labbok M, Taylor E. Achieving exclusive breastfeeding in the United States: findings and recommendations. Washington DC, United States: United States Breastfeeding Committee, 2008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Labbok M, Taylor E. Achieving exclusive breastfeeding in the United States: findings and recommendations. Washington DC, United States: United States Breastfeeding Committee, 2008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baker S, Claeson M, Schultink W. Inside the politics of breastfeeding promotion. Impatient Optimists, 2014. Available at http: //www.impatientoptimists.org/Posts/2014/02/Inside-the-Politics-of-Breastfeeding-Promotion## Accessed 14 March 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baker S, Claeson M, Schultink W. Inside the politics of breastfeeding promotion. Impatient Optimists, 2014. Available at http: //www.impatientoptimists.org/Posts/2014/02/Inside-the-Politics-of-Breastfeeding-Promotion##   Accessed 14 March 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федеральная служба государственной статистики, http: // www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics/population/healthcare/#</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Federal State Statistics Service http: // www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics/population/healthcare/#</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Victora CG, Aluisio JD, Barros AJD, Franca GVA et al. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. Lancet, 2016, 387: 475–490.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Victora CG, Aluisio JD, Barros AJD, Franca GVA et al. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. Lancet, 2016, 387: 475–490.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Матвеева Е.В., Легонькова Т.И., Войтенкова О.В., Штыкова О.Н. Влияние различных видов вскармливания на соматическую и инфекционную заболеваемость детей первого года жизни. Вестник Смоленской государственной медицинской академии, 2016, 15(2): 32-35</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matveeva EV, Legonkova TI, Voitenkova OV, Shtykova ON. The impact of different types of feeding on the somatic and infectious morbidity of infants. Vestnik Smolenskoy Gosudarstvennoy Meditsinskoy Akademii, 2016, 15 (2): 32-35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захарова И.Н., Османов И.М., Мачнева Е.Б., Бережная И.В., Кольцов К.А., Дедикова О.В., Кучина А.Е., Сазанова Ю.О., Мартыненко Л.Е. История грудного вскармливания: что препятствовало естественному способу питания младенцев от древних времен до современности? Медицинский совет, 2018, 11: 18-26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharova IN, Osmanov IM, Machneva EB, Berezhnaya IV, Koltsov KA, Dedikova OV, Kuchina AE, Sazanova YuO, Martynenko LE. The history of breastfeeding: what were the barriers to the natural way of feeding babies from ancient times to the modern era? Meditsinsky Sovet, 2018, 11: 18-26.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bartick M, Reinhold A. The burden of suboptimal breastfeeding in the United States: a pediatric cost analysis. Pediatrics, 2010, 125(5): 1048-1056.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bartick M, Reinhold A. The burden of suboptimal breastfeeding in the United States: a pediatric cost analysis. Pediatrics, 2010, 125(5): 1048-1056.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">http: //mothering.com/peggyomara/breastfeeding2/the-economic-value-of-breast-milk</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">http: //mothering.com/peggyomara/breastfeeding2/the-economic-value-of-breast-milk</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">http: //www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">http: //www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Perrin MT, Fogleman AD et al. A longitudinal study of human milk composition in the second year postpartum: implications for human milk banking. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 2016, 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12239.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perrin MT, Fogleman AD et al. A longitudinal study of human milk composition in the second year postpartum: implications for human milk banking. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 2016, 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12239.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mandel D, Lubetzky R, Dollberg S, Barak S, Mimouni FB. Fat and Energy Contents of Expressed Human Breast Milk in Prolonged Lactation. Pediatrics, 2005, 116(3): 432-435.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mandel D, Lubetzky R, Dollberg S, Barak S, Mimouni FB. Fat and Energy Contents of Expressed Human Breast Milk in Prolonged Lactation. Pediatrics, 2005, 116(3): 432-435.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dewey KG, Finley DA, Lonnerdal B. Breast milk volume and composition during late lactation (7-20 months). J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 1984, 3(5): 713-720.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dewey KG, Finley DA, Lonnerdal B. Breast milk volume and composition during late lactation (7-20 months). J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 1984, 3(5): 713-720.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giovannini M, Agostoni C, Riva E. Fat needs of term infants and fat content of milk formulae. Acta Paediatr. Suppl., 1994, 402: 59–62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giovannini M, Agostoni C, Riva E. Fat needs of term infants and fat content of milk formulae. Acta Paediatr. Suppl., 1994, 402: 59–62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гмошинская М.В. Факторы, влияющие на лактацию. Вопросы современной педиатрии, 2013, 12(2): 139-141.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gmoshinskaya MV. Factors influensing lactation. Voprosy Sovremennoy Pediatrii, 2013, 12 (2): 139-141.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Радзинский В.Е. Медицина молочной железы и гинекологические болезни. 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. М.: Медиабюро StatusPraesens, 2017. 352 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Radzinsky VE. Breast medicine and gynecological diseases. 2nd ed., updated and enlarged. M.: Mediabureau StatusPraesens, 2017. 352 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Batty GD, Der G, Macintyre S, Deary I. Does IQ explain socioeconomic inequalities in health? Evidence from a population based cohort study in the west of Scotland. BMJ, 2006, 332(7541): 580-584. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38723.660637.AE.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Batty GD, Der G, Macintyre S, Deary I. Does IQ explain socioeconomic inequalities in health? Evidence from a population based cohort study in the west of Scotland. BMJ, 2006, 332(7541): 580-584. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38723.660637.AE.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rollins NC et al. Lancet Breastfeeding Series: Why invest, and what it will take to improve breastfeeding practices in less than a generation. Lancet, 2016, 387: 491–504.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rollins NC et al. Lancet Breastfeeding Series: Why invest, and what it will take to improve breastfeeding practices in less than a generation. Lancet, 2016, 387: 491–504.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim JI, Kim BN et al. Breastfeeding is associated with enhanced learning abilities in schoolaged children. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health, 2017, 11: 36. doi: 10.1186/s13034-0170169-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim JI, Kim BN et al. Breastfeeding is associated with enhanced learning abilities in schoolaged children. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health, 2017, 11: 36. doi: 10.1186/s13034-0170169-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Victora CG, Horta BL, de Mola CL, Quevedo L, Pinheiro RT, Gigante DP, et al. Association between breastfeeding and intelligence, educational attainment, and income at 30 years of age: a prospective birth cohort study from Brazil. Lancet Glob Health, 2015, 3(4): 199–205.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Victora CG, Horta BL, de Mola CL, Quevedo L, Pinheiro RT, Gigante DP, et al. Association between breastfeeding and intelligence, educational attainment, and income at 30 years of age: a prospective birth cohort study from Brazil. Lancet Glob Health, 2015, 3(4): 199–205.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Victora CG, Bahl R, Barros AJD, Franca GVA, Horton S, Krasevec J, Rollins NC. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: Epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. The Lancet, 2016, 387(10017): 475-490. doi: 10.1016/S01406736(15)01024-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Victora CG, Bahl R, Barros AJD, Franca GVA, Horton S, Krasevec J, Rollins NC. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: Epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. The Lancet, 2016, 387(10017): 475-490. doi: 10.1016/S01406736(15)01024-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Юрьев В.В. Пропедевтика детских болезней: учебник. Под ред. В.В. Юрьева, М.М. Хомича. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2012. 720 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yuryev VV. Propedeutics of childhood diseases: a guidebook. Under the editorship of Yuriev VV, Khomich MM. M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2012. 720 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Оксенойт Г.К., Никитина С.Ю., Агеева Л.И., Александрова Г.А. Зайченко Н.М., Кириллова Г.Н., Леонов С.А., Огрызко Е.В., Титова И.А., Харькова Т.Л., Чумарина В.Ж., Шубочкина Е.М. Здравоохранение в России. 2017: Стат. сб. Росстат. М., 2017. 170 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oxenoyt GK, Nikitina SYu, Ageeva LI, Aleksandrova GA. Zaichenko NM., Kirillova GN, Leonov SA, Ogryzko EV, Titova IA, Kharkova TL, Chumarina VZh, Shubochkina EM. Health care in Russia. 2017: Stat. col. of Rosstat. M., 2017. 170 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гутикова Л.В. Гормональная регуляция лактации у родильниц, перенесших гестоз. Журнал Гродненского государственного университета, 2010, 1(29): 68-69.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gutikova LV. Hormonal regulation of lactation in puerperas, who have had preeclampsia. Zhurnal Grodnenskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta, 2010, 1 (29): 68-69.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алиева Д.X. Особенности лактации у родильниц после оперативного родоразрешения на фоне гестоза. Уральский медицинский журнал, 2007, 7: 109-112.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aliyev DA. Features of lactation in puerperas after operative delivery against the background of preeclampsia. Uralsky Meditsinsky Zhurnal, 2007, 7: 109-112.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тутельян В.А., Конь И.Я. Детское питание: Руководство для врачей 4-е изд., перераб. и доп. М.: Медицинское информационное агентство, 2017. 784 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tutelyan VA, Kon IYa. Baby food: a guide for practitioners 4th ed., updated and enlarged. M.: Medical Information Agency, 2017. 784 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prior E, Santhakumaran S, Gale C, Philipps LH, Modi N, Hyde MJ. Breastfeeding after cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of world literature. Am J Clin Nutr, 2012, 95(5): 1113-1135. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.030254.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prior E, Santhakumaran S, Gale C, Philipps LH, Modi N, Hyde MJ. Breastfeeding after cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of world literature. Am J Clin Nutr, 2012, 95(5): 1113-1135. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.030254.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jonas W, Nissen E et al. Influence of oxytocin or epidural analgesia on personality profile in breastfeeding women: a comparative study. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 2008, 11(5– 6): 335–345.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jonas W, Nissen E et al. Influence of oxytocin or epidural analgesia on personality profile in breastfeeding women: a comparative study. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 2008, 11(5– 6): 335–345.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang F, Yang Y, Bai T, Sun L, Sun M, Shi X, Zhu M, Ge M, Xia H. Effect of pumping pressure on onset of lactation after caesarean section: A randomized controlled study. Matern Child Nutr, 2018 Jan, 14(1). doi: 10.1111/mcn.12486. Epub 2017 Jul 27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang F, Yang Y, Bai T, Sun L, Sun M, Shi X, Zhu M, Ge M, Xia H. Effect of pumping pressure on onset of lactation after caesarean section: A randomized controlled study. Matern Child Nutr, 2018 Jan, 14(1). doi: 10.1111/mcn.12486. Epub 2017 Jul 27.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">http: //www.bbc.com/russian/science/2015/07/150721_c_sections_surgery_labour_vj</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">http: //www.bbc.com/russian/science/2015/07/150721_c_sections_surgery_labour_vj</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Додхоева М.Ф., Юлдошева М.У. Реабилитация и диспансеризация женщин после абдоминального родоразрешения. Вестник Авиценны, 2016, 2(67): 42-47</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dodkhoeva MF, Yuldosheva MU. Rehabilitation and prophylactic medical examination of women after abdominal delivery. Vestnik Avitseny, 2016, 2 (67): 42-47.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захарова И.Н., Мачнева Е.Б. Грудное вскармливание: ответы на некоторые сложные вопросы кормящих женщин. Медицинский совет, 2017, 1: 60-65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharova IN, Machneva EB. Breastfeeding: answers to some difficult questions of breastfeeding women. Meditsinsky Sovet, 2017, 1: 60-65.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chu JY, Zhang L, Zhang YJ, Yang MJ, Li XW, Sun LL. The effect of breast massage at different time in the early period after cesarean section. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi, 2017, 51(11): 1038-1040.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chu JY, Zhang L, Zhang YJ, Yang MJ, Li XW, Sun LL. The effect of breast massage at different time in the early period after cesarean section. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi, 2017, 51(11): 1038-1040.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Грибакин С.Г., Лукоянова О.Л., Боровик Т.Э., Захарова И.Н., Скворцова В.А. Возможности сохранения лактации после преждевременных родов. Вопросы современной педиатрии, 2015, 14(5): 534-538.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gribakin, SG, Lukoyanova OL, Borovik TE, Zakharova IN, Skvortsova VA. The possibility of preserving lactation after preterm labour. Voprosy Sovremennoy Pediatrii, 2015, 14 (5): 534-538.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hill PD, Aldag JC, Chatterton RT. Effects of pumping style on milk production in mothers of non-nursing preterm infants. J Hum Lact, 1999, 15(3): 209–216.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hill PD, Aldag JC, Chatterton RT. Effects of pumping style on milk production in mothers of non-nursing preterm infants. J Hum Lact, 1999, 15(3): 209–216.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лукоянова О.Л., Боровик Т.Э., Беляева И.А., Яцык Г.В. Применение современных технологических приемов для сохранения успешного грудного вскармливания. Вопросы современной педиатрии, 2012, 11(5): 113–117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lukoyanova OL, Borovik TE, Belyaev IA, Yatsyk GV. The use of modern technological methods to maintain successful breastfeeding. Voprosy Sovremennoy Pediatrii, 2012, 11 (5): 113–117.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексеев Н.П., Ярославский С.Н. и др. Роль вакуумных и тактильных стимулов в процессе выведения молока из молочной железы женщины. Физиологический журнал им. И.М. Сеченова, 1994, 80(9): 67-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alekseev NP, Yaroslavsky SN, et al. The role of vacuum and tactile incentives in the process of removing milk from the mammal gland of women. Fiziologicheskiy Zhurnal im. I.M. Sechenova, 1994, 80 (9): 67-74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Талалаева Н.Е. Механизмы формирования рефлексов выведения молока у родильниц: Автореф. дисс. … канд. мед. наук. СПб., 2001, 18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Talalaeva NE. Mechanisms of formation of milk reflexes in puerperas: Author’s abstract of PhD in medicine Dissertation. SPb, 2001, 18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Булгакова М.И., Симановская Е.Ю., Няшин Ю.И., Тверье В.М. Биомеханика вскармливания детей раннего возраста. Российский журнал биомеханики, 2003, 7(4): 9-21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bulgakova MI, Simanovskaya EYu, Nyashin YuI, Tverye VM. Biomechanics of feeding young children. Rossiyskiy Zhurnal Biomekhaniki, 2003, 7 (4): 9-21</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McNeilly AS, Robinson JCA, et al. Releaz of oxytocin and prolactin in response to sucking. Brit Med J, 1983, 286: 257-259.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McNeilly AS, Robinson JCA, et al. Releaz of oxytocin and prolactin in response to sucking. Brit Med J, 1983, 286: 257-259.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kent JC, Hartmann PE et al. Importance of vacuum for breastmilk expression. Breastfeeding Medicine, 2008, 3 (1): 11. First presented (2004) at the 12th International conference of the International society for research in human milk and lactation. Cambridge, England.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kent JC, Hartmann PE et al. Importance of vacuum for breastmilk expression. Breastfeeding Medicine, 2008, 3 (1): 11. First presented (2004) at the 12th International conference of the International society for research in human milk and lactation. Cambridge, England.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prime DK et al. Simultaneous breast expression in breastfeeding women is more efficacious than sequential breast expression. Breastfeed Med, 2012 Dec, 7(6): 442–447.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prime DK et al. Simultaneous breast expression in breastfeeding women is more efficacious than sequential breast expression. Breastfeed Med, 2012 Dec, 7(6): 442–447.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Агаркова Л.А., Габидулина Т.В., Габитова Н.А., Белова Н.Г. Влияние витаминно-минерального комплекса на становление лактации у женщин после физиологической и осложненной гестозом беременности. Российский вестник акушера-гинеколога, 2011, 5: 85-88.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agarkova LA, Gabidulina TV, Gabitova NA, Belova NG. The effect of vitamin-mineral complex on the formation of milk in women after the physiological and gestosis-complicated pregnancy. Rossiyskiy Vestnik Akushera-Ginekologa, 2011, 5: 85-88.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дуленков А.Б., Мухина Ю.Г., Потапова О.В., Грибакин С.Г. Особенности становления лактации у матерей после преждевременных родов. Вопросы практической педиатрии, 2011, 6(3): 64–69.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dulenkov AB, Mukhina YuG, Potapova OV, Gribakin SG. Features of the formation of milk in mothers after preterm labor. Voprosy Prakticheskoy Pediatrii, 2011, 6 (3): 64–69.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
