medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2018-17-30-37medsovet-2693Research ArticleНЕОНАТОЛОГИЯNEONATOLOGYОлигосахариды грудного молока: еще один шаг на пути приближения детских молочных смесей к «золотому стандарту» вскармливания ребенкаBreast milk oligosaccharides: one more step on the path to making infant formulas more like a «gold standard» for infant feedingЗахароваИ. Н.ZakharovaI. N.

Захарова Ирина Николаевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой педиатрии с курсом поликлинической педиатрии им. Г.Н. Сперанского

Москва

 

ДмитриеваЮ. А.DmitrievaYu. A.

Дмитриева Юлия Андреевна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры педиатрии с курсом поликлинической педиатрии им. Г.Н. Сперанского

Москва

ЯгодкинM. В.YagodkinM. V.

Ягодкин Максим Владимирович – медицинский директор подразделения детского и медицинского питания

Москва

ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»РоссияFederal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education»Russian FederationООО «Эбботт Лэбораториз»РоссияAbbott Laboratories LLCRussian Federation2018191020180173037Copyright © Захарова И.Н., Дмитриева Ю.А., Ягодкин M.В., 20182018Захарова И.Н., Дмитриева Ю.А., Ягодкин M.В.Zakharova I.N., Dmitrieva Y.A., Yagodkin M.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/2693

Грудное молоко является «золотым стандартом» вскармливания детей первого года жизни. Уникальные его свойства обусловлены сбалансированным составом по основным макро и микронутриентам, а также наличием целого комплекса функциональных компонентов, оказывающих разностороннее влияние на процессы постнатального созревания органов и тканей младенца. Большой интерес исследователей в настоящее время посвящен углеводной фракции, в частности олигосахаридам грудного молока (ОГМ), которые представляют собой третью по величине фракцию в составе женского молока, уступая по концентрации лишь жировому компоненту и лактозе. К основным ОГМ относятся фукозилированные молекулы – 2’-фукозиллактоза (2’-FL) и 3’-фукозиллактоза (3’-FL), лакто-N-фукопентаоза (LNFP I, II, III), а также некоторые нейтральные и кислые олигосахариды. Результаты многочисленных лабораторных и клинических исследований показали, что ОГМ являются ключевыми нутриентами, способствующими становлению кишечной микробиоты младенца, обеспечивающими противоинфекционный и иммунологический эффект, участвующими в постнатальном формировании структур головного мозга. При невозможности грудного вскармливания молочная смесь является единственным источником олигосахаридов для младенцев. Введение в состав продуктов детского питания олигосахаридов грудного молока является важным этапом их адаптации и приближения по составу к «золотому стандарту» вскармливания.

Breast milk is the «gold standard» for infant feeding. Its unique properties are due to the balanced macroand micro-nutrient composition and the presence of a whole range of functional components that have a multifaceted impact on the postnatal development of the baby’s organs and tissues. The carbohydrate fraction is currently of great interest to the researchers. Particular attention is paid to the human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), which are the third largest component in human milk after fat component and lactose in concentration. The main HMOs are fucosylated molecules – 2’-fucosyllactose (2’-FL) and 3’-fucosyllactose (3’-FL), lacto-N-fucopentaose (LNFP I, II, III), as well as some neutral and acidic oligosaccharides. The numerous laboratory and clinical studies showed that HMOs are the key nutrients that contribute to the formation of the intestinal microbiota of the infant, provide an anti-infectious and immunological effect, and participate in the postnatal formation of brain structures. If breastfeeding is not possible, the milk formula is likely to be the sole source of oligosaccharides for infants. The introduction of breast milk oligosaccharides into the baby food composition is an important stage in adaptation of such foods and making those more like the “gold standard” of feeding in composition.

грудное молокодетимладенцыранний возраствскармливаниепищевое программированиедетская молочная смесьолигосахариды грудного молока2’-фукозиллактоза (2’-FL)кишечная микробиотапребиотическое действиеиммуномодулирующее действиеразвитие центральной нервной системыbreast milkchildreninfantsearly agefeedingnutritional programminginfant formulabreast milk oligosaccharides2’-fucosyllactose (2’-FL)intestinal microbiotaprebiotic actionimmunomodulatory effectdevelopment of the central nervous systemReferencesЗахарова И.Н., Дмитриева Ю.А., Суркова Е.Н. Отдаленные последствия неправильного вскармливания детей. Вопросы практической педиатрии, 2010, 5(4): 52-57.Zakharova IN, Dmitrieva YuA, Surkova EN. The long-term consequences of malnutrition of infants. Voprosy Prakticheskoy Pediatrii, 2010, 5 (4): 52-57.Захарова И.Н., Дмитриева Ю.А., Гордеева Е.А. Совершенствование детских молочных смесей – на пути приближения к женскому молоку. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.