medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2018-21-168-172medsovet-2833Research ArticleГИНЕКОЛОГИЯGYNECOLOGYТерапевтическая тактика при аномальных маточных кровотечениях, не связанных со структурными аномалиями маткиTherapeutic tactics in abnormal uterine bleeding without anatomical substrateДиккеГ. Б.DikkeG. В.

Дикке Галина Борисовна – заслуженный деятель науки и образования, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктивной медицины факультета повышения квалификации медицинских работников

117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6

Galina B. Dikke – Honored Scientist and Education Worker, MD, Professor of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Training of Medical Workers

Moscow, 117198, Maclay st., 6

galadikke@yandex.ruФедеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов»РоссияPeoples’ Friendship University of RussiaRussian Federation201819012019021168172Copyright © Дикке Г.Б., 20192019Дикке Г.Б.Dikke G.В.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/2833Цель обзора

Цель обзора: представление современных данных о патогенезе аномальных маточных кровотечений (АМК) без анатомического субстрата (овуляторных, эндометриальных, коагулопатических) и эффективности их лечения медикаментозными средствами.

Основные положения

Основные положения. Приведены сведения о патогенезе АМК, не связанных со структурными аномалиями матки. Показано, что негормональные лекарственные средства имеют сходную эффективность. Среди гормональных средств выгодно отличаются левоноргестрел-содержащая внутриматочная система (ВМС-ЛНГ) и эстроген-гестагенные препараты (комбинированные оральные контрацептивы, КОК). КОК купируют острый эпизод АМК в 66,8% случаев (по некоторым данным, в 88%), что выше по сравнению с негормональными препаратами; в хронических случаях – уменьшают кровопотерю на 88% (после 6 месяцев терапии) и не уступают по эффективности внутриматочным средствам с левоноргестрелом (83% после 3 месяцев терапии).

Заключение

Заключение. Таким образом, негормональные лекарственные средства имеют сходную эффективность в купировании АМ без анатомического субстрата, но уступают КОК. При хронических АМК средствами первой линии являются ВМС-ЛНГ и КОК, содержащие Э2В/ДНГ, которые способствуют нормализации менструального цикла и объема менструальной кровопотери с доказанной эффективностью.

The purpose of the review: presentation of modern data on the pathogenesis of abnormal uterine bleeding (AMC) without anatomical substrate (ovulatory, endometrial, coagulopathic) and the effectiveness of their treatment with medication.

Basic provisions

Basic provisions. Information on the pathogenesis of AMC not associated with structural abnormalities of the uterus is presented. It was shown that non-hormonal drugs have similar efficacy. Among the hormonal agents, levonorgestrel-containing intrauterine system (IUD-LNG) and estrogen-progestogen preparations (combined oral contraceptives, COCs) favorably differ. COCs recover an acute episode of AMC in 66.8% of cases (according to some data – in 88%), which is higher in comparison with non-hormonal drugs; in chronic cases – reduce blood loss by 88% (after 6 months of therapy), and are not inferior in effectiveness to intrauterine devices with levonorgestrel (83% after 3 months of therapy).

The conclusion

The conclusion. Thus, non-hormonal drugs have similar efficacy in arresting AMC without an anatomical substrate, but are inferior to COCs. In case of chronic AMC, the first-line drugs are IUD-LNG and COC containing E2B / NNG, which contribute to the normalization of the menstrual cycle and the volume of menstrual blood loss with proven efficacy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.