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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2019-11-100-107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-3089</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мукозальная иммунная система пищеварительного и респираторного трактов: возможности профилактики и лечения инфекционных заболеваний</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mucosal immune system of digestive and respiratory tracts: possibilities of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каннер</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanner</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каннер Екатерина Валерьевна – кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник клинического отдела инфекционной патологии</p><p>111123, г. Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, д. 3а </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kanner Ekaterina Valeryevna – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher of the Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology</p><p>111123, Moscow, Novogireevskaya str., 3A </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekanner@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горелов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorelov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горелов Александр Васильевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, заместитель директора по научной работе Федерального бюджетного учреждения науки «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора», профессор кафедры детских болезней Федерального государственного автономного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</p><p>111123, г. Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, д. 3а, </p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gorelov Alexander Vasilyevich – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Deputy Director for Research of the Federal State Institution of Science «Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor», Professor of the Department of Children’s Diseases of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</p><p>111123, Moscow, Novogireevskaya str., 3A, </p><p>119991, Moscow, Trubetskaya Street, 8, p. 2 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Печкуров</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pechkurov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Печкуров Дмитрий Владимирович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой детских болезней</p><p>443079, г. Самара, пр-т Карла Маркса, д. 165, литер Б </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pechkurov Dmitry Vladimirovich – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Children’s Diseases</p><p>443079, Samara, Karl Marx Avenue, 165, liter B </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kdbsamgmu@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горелова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorelova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горелова Елена Александровна – кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник клинического отдела инфекционной патологии</p><p>111123, г. Москва, ул. Новогиреевская, д. 3а </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gorelova Elena Alexandrovna – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Research Officer of the Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology</p><p>111123, Moscow, Novogireevskaya str., 3A </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимов Максим Леонидович – доктор медицинских наук, главный внештатный специалист клинический фармаколог Министерства здравоохранения Республики Татарстан, заведующий кафедрой клинической фармакологии и фармакотерапии Казанской государственной медицинской академии – филиала федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, профессор кафедры фармакологии педиатрического факультета Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</p><p>420012, г. Казань, ул. Муштари, д. 11, </p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksimov Maxim Leonidovich – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Chief Freelance Specialist Clinical Pharmacologist of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy of the Kazan State Medical Academy, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Additional Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Paediatric Faculty, Federal State Budgetary Educa tional Institution of Higher Education «N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University», Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</p><p>420012, Kazan, Musthari St., 11, </p><p>117997, Moscow, Ostrovityanova St., 1 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ермолаева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ermolaeva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ермолаева Анна Саввична – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры клинической фармакологии и пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p><p>119991, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ermolaeva Anna Savvichna – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p><p>119991, Moscow, Trubetskaya Street, 8, p. 2 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное бюджетное учреждение науки «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Institution of Science «Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное бюджетное учреждение науки «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора»;&#13;
Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Institution of Science «Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor»;&#13;
Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанская государственная медицинская академия – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical Academy, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Additional Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation;&#13;
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>100</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каннер Е.В., Горелов А.В., Печкуров Д.В., Горелова Е.А., Максимов М.Л., Ермолаева А.С., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каннер Е.В., Горелов А.В., Печкуров Д.В., Горелова Е.А., Максимов М.Л., Ермолаева А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kanner E.V., Gorelov A.V., Pechkurov D.V., Gorelova E.A., Maksimov M.L., Ermolaeva A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/3089">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/3089</self-uri><abstract><p>Иммунная система слизистых оболочек организма играет огромную роль в развитии, поддержании и регуляции иммунного гомеостаза, являясь важной составляющей многокомпонентной системы иммунитета. Структурной основой местного иммунитета является лимфоидная ткань, ассоциированная со слизистыми оболочками (MALT). В настоящее время накоплены научные данные, свидетельствующие о том, что отделы слизистой оболочки различных систем организма тесно взаимодействуют между собой, подчиняясь единым регулирующим влияниям. Особенно тесно такая взаимосвязь осуществляется между пищеварительным и респираторным трактом, в исследованиях было продемонстрировано, что вакцинация слизистой одного отдела ведет к повышению защитной функции слизистой другого отдела, инфицирование вирусом приводит к появлению вирусо-специфичных концентраций иммуноглобулинов в секрете слизистых другого отдела. Воздействие на микробиоту кишечника может быть удобным инструментом профилактики не только желудочно-кишечных, но и респираторных заболеваний. В ряде работ подтверждены клинические эффекты, закрепляющие целесообразность применения пробиотиков как у здоровых, так и у больных детей. Крайне важной составляющей системы местного иммунитета являются антимикробные пептиды, играющие ключевую роль в формировании первой линии защиты организма от инфекций. АМП обладают рядом доказанных биологических эффектов: антибактериальное, противовирусное и противогрибковое действие, некоторые обладают и противоопухолевыми свойствами. Таким образом, перспективы профилактики и лечения многих инфекционных заболеваний кроются в новых возможностях воздействия на мукозальный иммунитет.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The immune system of the body’s mucous membranes plays a huge role in the development, maintenance and regulation of immune homeostasis, being an important component of the multi-component immune system. The structural basis of local immunity is the lymphatic tissue associated with the mucous membranes (MALT). There is now scientific evidence that the mucous membrane sections of different body systems interact closely with each other, subject to the same regulatory influences. This relationship is particularly close between the digestive and respiratory tract, and studies have shown that vaccination of the mucosa of one part increases the protective function of the mucosa of another part, and that virus infection leads to virus-specific concentrations of immunoglobulins in the secretion of the mucosa of another part. The impact on the intestinal microbiota can be a convenient tool to prevent not only gastrointestinal, but also respiratory diseases. In a number of works the clinical effects confirming expediency of probiotics application both at healthy, and at sick children are confirmed. An extremely important component of the local immune system is the antimicrobial peptides, which play a key role in the formation of the first line of defense against infections. AMP have a number of proven biological effects: antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal effects, and some have antitumor properties. Thus, the prospects for prevention and treatment of many infectious diseases lie in the new possibilities for influencing mucosal immunity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мукозальный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>респираторный тракт</kwd><kwd>пищеварительная система</kwd><kwd>теория единства иммунной системы слизистой оболочки</kwd><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>пробиотики</kwd><kwd>антимикробные пептиды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mucosal immunity</kwd><kwd>respiratory tract</kwd><kwd>digestive system</kwd><kwd>theory of immune system unity of mucous membrane</kwd><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>probiotics</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial peptides</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Афанасьев С.С., Алешкин В.А., Воропаева Е.А., Афанасьев М.С., Слободенюк В.В., Караулов А.В. Микробиоценозы открытых полостей и мукозальный иммунитет. 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