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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2019-16-72-77</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-3834</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Практика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Practice</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современный взгляд на систему гемостаза: клеточная теория</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern view on hemostasis system: cell theory</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1306-1502</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Счастливцев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Schastlivtsev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Счастливцев Илья Вениаминович, к.м.н., доцент, кафедры общей хирургии и лучевой диагностики лечебного факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya V. Schastlivtsev, Cand. of Sci. (Med), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of General Surgery and Radiation Diagnostics of the Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Schastlivtsev.ilya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5358-7218</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лобастов</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lobastov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лобастов Кирилл Викторович, к.м.н., доцент кафедры общей хирургии и лучевой диагностики лечебного факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill V. Lobastov, Cand. of Sci. (Med), Associate Professor of the Department of General Surgery and Radiation Diagnostics at the Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lobastov_kv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1567-1328</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цаплин</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsaplin</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цаплин Сергей Николаевич, к.м.н., доцент кафедры общей хирургии и лучевой диагностики лечебного факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Tsaplin, Cand. of Sci. (Med), Associate Professor of the Department of General Surgery and Radiation Diagnostics of the Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsaplin-sergey@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8916-3671</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мкртычев</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mkrtychev</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мкртычев Давид Самвелович, студент 6-го курса лечебного факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>David S. Mkrtychev, 6th year student at the Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">david_97@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>16</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Счастливцев И.В., Лобастов К.В., Цаплин С.Н., Мкртычев Д.С., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Счастливцев И.В., Лобастов К.В., Цаплин С.Н., Мкртычев Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Schastlivtsev I.V., Lobastov K.V., Tsaplin S.N., Mkrtychev D.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/3834">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/3834</self-uri><abstract><p>На протяжении многих лет не существовало модели, способной объяснить сложные процессы взаимодействия различных факторов свертывания крови, приводящих к остановке кровотечения. Одной из самых успешных моделей, способных частично отразить механизмы гемостаза, долгое время была каскадная теория. Каскадная модель прекрасно объясняет процессы, происходящие во время свертывания in vitro, но оказалась полностью несостоятельной в попытках оценить процессы, происходящие in vivo. Существенным недостатком каскадной модели является невозможность проследить взаимодействие клеток, несущих на своей поверхности тканевой фактор, тромбоцитов и плазменных факторов свертывания, поскольку данные условия невозможно имитировать. Пришедшая на смену каскадной клеточная теория уделяет внимание не только происходящему во время коагуляции взаимодействию плазменных факторов свертывания, но и учитывает роль тромбоцитов как важных участников процессов свертывания. В ее основе – четырехступенчатый каскад реакций, включающий в себя следующие стадии: инициация, амплификация, пропагация, терминация.</p><p>Клеточная теория гемостаза способна отразить сложный процесс взаимодействия всех звеньев гемостаза, способна ответить на вопросы, связанные с проблемами у пациентов с нарушениями свертывающей системы. Клеточная теория гемостаза позволяет более точно отразить процессы гемостаза in vivo и правильно интерпретировать результаты тестов и патофизиологические механизмы нарушений свертывающей системы. Применяемые для оценки системы гемостаза глобальные тесты (тест генерации тромбина, тромбоэластография, тромбодинамика) обладают большей комплиментарностью с клеточной теорией гемостаза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For many years, there has been no model capable of explaining the complex processes of interaction between various bloodclotting factors leading to a stop of bleeding. One of the most successful models able to partially reflect the mechanisms of hemostasis for a long time was the cascade theory. The cascade model perfectly explains the processes occurring during coagulation in vitro, but was completely inadequate in attempts to evaluate the processes occurring in vivo. A significant drawback of the cascade model is the impossibility to trace the interaction of cells carrying the tissue factor, platelets and plasma coagulation factors on their surface, since these conditions cannot be imitated. The cell theory, which has replaced the cascade theory, pays attention not only to the interaction of plasma coagulation factors, but also takes into account the role of platelets as important participants of coagulation processes. It is based on a four-stage reaction cascade that includes the following stages: initiation, amplification, propagation, and termination.</p><p>The cell theory of hemostasis is able to reflect the complex process of interaction of all the links of hemostasis and answer questions related to the problems in patients with disorders of the coagulation system. The cell theory of hemostasis allows to reflect more precisely the processes of hemostasis in vivo and to interpret correctly the results of tests and pathophysiological mechanisms of disorders of the coagulation system. Global tests (thrombin generation assay, thromboelastography, thrombodynamics) used for hemostasis system evaluation are more complimentary with cell theory of hemostasis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гемостаз</kwd><kwd>клеточная теория</kwd><kwd>каскадная теория</kwd><kwd>антикоагулянт</kwd><kwd>факторы свертывания</kwd><kwd>тромбоцит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hemostasis</kwd><kwd>cell theory</kwd><kwd>cascade theory</kwd><kwd>anticoagulant</kwd><kwd>coagulation factors</kwd><kwd>platelet</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nichols W.L. &amp; Bowie E.J. (Eds). A history of blood coagulation: Charles A. Owen, Jr. Rochester, MN: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2001. 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