medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2015-16-46-49medsovet-405Research ArticleБронхиальная астмаBronchial asthmaКлиническая характеристика пациентов с тяжелой бронхиальной астмойClinical profile of patients with severe asthmaСергееваГ. Р.SergeevaG. R.noemail@neicon.ruЕмельяновА. В.EmelyanovA. V.noemail@neicon.ruКоровинаО. В.KorovinaO. V.noemail@neicon.ruЗнахуренкоА. А.ZnakhurenkoA. A.noemail@neicon.ruЛешенковаЕ. В.LeshenkovaE. V.noemail@neicon.ruКозыреваЛ. В.KozyrevaL. V.noemail@neicon.ruАсатианиН. .AsatianiN. .noemail@neicon.ruСеверо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова, Санкт-ПетербургРоссияPulmonologym North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Saint PetersburgRussian Federation2015301220150164649Copyright © Сергеева Г.Р., Емельянов А.В., Коровина О.В., Знахуренко А.А., Лешенкова Е.В., Козырева Л.В., Асатиани Н..., 20152015Сергеева Г.Р., Емельянов А.В., Коровина О.В., Знахуренко А.А., Лешенкова Е.В., Козырева Л.В., Асатиани Н...Sergeeva G.R., Emelyanov A.V., Korovina O.V., Znakhurenko A.A., Leshenkova E.V., Kozyreva L.V., Asatiani N...Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/405

В статье представлены результаты собственных исследований 119 пациентов (возраст от 22 до 82 лет) с тяжелой бронхиальной астмой (БА), диагностированной согласно критериям ERS/ATS (2014). У 77% пациентов выявлена аллергическая астма. Аллергены клещей домашней пыли являлись ведущими в спектре сенсибилизации. У значительной части пациентов (82%) отмечалось неконтролируемое течение заболевания, и в 76% выявлена не полностью обратимая бронхиальная обструкция. Маркеры эозинофильного воспаления (оксид азота в выдыхаемом воздухе и уровень эозинофилов крови более 150 кл в 1 мкл) дыхательных путей выявлены у 63% больных. Хорошая приверженность к лечению (прием более 75% назначенных доз препаратов) отмечена у 61% пациентов. Среди больных тяжелой астмой активно курили 27%. У курильщиков отмечались более низкие показатели функции легких и уровень оксида азота в выдыхаемом воздухе. Курившие были менее привержены лечению ИГКС. Тяжелая БА сочеталась с ХОБЛ в 37% случаев.

The article presents the results of the authors' trial involving 119 patients (aged 22 to 82 years) with severe bronchial asthma (BA) diagnosed according to the ERS/ATS guidelines (2014). Allergic asthma was diagnosed in 77% of patients. The study focused on house dust mites as the main allergens in the sensitization spectrum. A significant proportion of patients (82%) had uncontrolled course of the disease, and 76% suffered from airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. Markers of eosinophilic airway inflammation (nitric oxide in exhaled air and level of blood eosinophils above 150 cells per 1 µL) were found in 63% of patients. Good adherence to treatment (administration of more than 75% of the prescribed doses of drugs) was observed in 61% of patients. Among patients with severe asthma 27% were active smokers. Smokers demonstrated a decreased pulmonary function and a lower level of nitric oxide in exhaled air. Smokers were also less adherent to treatment with inhaled corticosteroids. Severe BA was combined with COPD in 37% of cases.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.