medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2019-20-32-37medsovet-4376Research ArticleАКТУАЛЬНОЕ В ОТОРИНОЛАРИНГОЛОГИИACTUAL IN OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGYОстрые респираторные вирусные заболевания: современные подходы к диагностике и лечениюAcute respiratory viral diseases: modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatmenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8184-7312ДербеневаМ. Л.DerbenevaM. L.

Дербенева Мария Львовна, к.м.н., врач-оториноларинголог

 

Mariya L. Derbeneva, Cand. of Sci.(Med.), Otorhynolaryngologist

8 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow, 119049

mlderbeneva@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7988-4229ГусеваА. Л.GusevaA. L.

Гусева Александра Леонидовна, к.м.н., доцент, кафедра оториноларингологии лечебного факультета

117997, Россия, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1

Aleksandra L. Guseva, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Chair for Otorhinolaryngology of General Medicine Faculty

1 Ostrovityanova St., Moscow, 117997

alexandra.guseva@gmail.comГородская клиническая больница №1 им. Н.И. ПироговаРоссияPirogov City Clinical Hospital No1Russian FederationРоссийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. ПироговаРоссияPirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian Federation2019141120190203237Copyright © Дербенева М.Л., Гусева А.Л., 20192019Дербенева М.Л., Гусева А.Л.Derbeneva M.L., Guseva A.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/4376

Острые респираторные вирусные инфекции (ОРВИ) являются одной из самых частых причин первичного обращения пациентов за медицинской помощью. Более 200 штаммов вирусов могут стать причиной развития ОРВИ, среди которых лидируют риновирусы. В статье обсуждаются эпидемиологические характеристики ОРВИ и вызываемый высокой заболеваемостью экономический ущерб обществу. Клиническая картина ОРВИ практически всегда сопровождается комбинацией таких симптомов, как выделения из носа, заложенность носа, боли в горле и кашель в сочетании с болями в мышцах, слабостью, быстрой утомляемостью, головной болью и снижением аппетита. Дифференциальная диагностика ОРВИ проводится с гриппом, аллергическим ринитом, стрептококковой ангиной, синуситом и отитом. Эффективной профилактикой является соблюдение гигиены рук. Обсуждаются возможности и эффективность сопутствующей вспомогательной терапии, в том числе с помощью деконгестантов, топических глюкокортикостероидов, растворов для орошения полости носа, нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов, парацетамола и противокашлевых средств. Антибактериальная терапия не оказывает положительного действия на течение ОРВИ. Приведен клинический пример ведения пациентки с ОРВИ.

Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) are one of the most common reasons patients seek ambulatory care. ARVIs can be caused by more than 200 strains of viruses, among which rhinoviruses remain a leading cause. The article discusses the epidemiological characteristics of ARVI and the economic damage caused by high incidence to the community. The clinical presentation of ARVI is nearly always accompanied by a combination of symptoms such as nasal discharge, nasal congestion, sore throat and cough combined with muscle pain, weakness, fatigue, headache and decreased appetite. Diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infections must be differentiated from influenza, allergic rhinitis, streptococcal tonsillitis, sinusitis and otitis media. Practicing hand hygiene is an effective way to prevent infections. The article discusses possibilities and effectiveness of concomitant adjuvant therapy, including the use of decongestants, topical glucocorticosteroids, nasal irrigation solutions, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, paracetamol and antitussive drugs. Antibacterial therapy does not have a positive effect on the course of ARVI. A clinical case describing the management of a patient with ARVI is provided.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.