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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2015-18-36-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-449</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОГНИТИВНЫЕ НАРУШЕНИЯ И ДЕМЕНЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND DEMENTIA</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Болезнь Альцгеймера и сахарный диабет</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alzheimer's disease and diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боголепова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogolepova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Research University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>18</issue><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Боголепова А.Н., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Боголепова А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bogolepova A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/449">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/449</self-uri><abstract><p>Взаимосвязь болезни Альцгеймера и сахарного диабета в последнее время является предметом пристального изучения специалистов. Существует много общих патогенетических механизмов, лежащих в основе обоих заболеваний: инсулинорезистентность, гиперинсулинемия, хроническая гипергликемия, острые гипогликемические эпизоды, микроангиопатия, воспаление, дислипидемия и др. Предполагается наличие непосредственной связи между инсулином и альцгеймеровской патологией. Инсулин принимает участие в регуляции синтеза р-амилоида, а также регулирует фосфори-лирование тау-протеина. Когнитивные нарушения и деменция, связанные с сахарным диабетом, также могут быть опосредованы через сосудистые факторы, включающие прежде всего развитие микроангиопатии. Сочетание сосудистого и нейродегенеративного компонентов могут взаимно потенцировать друг друга. Один из ключевых моментов в патогенезе развития когнитивного снижения - нарушение холинер-гической передачи. Ингибиторы ацетилхолинэстеразы являются препаратами выбора при лечении как болезни Альцгеймера, так и сосудистой деменции. Эффективность донепезила (Алзепил) доказана в многочисленных исследованиях, препарат отличается наилучшей переносимостью по сравнению с другими холинергическими средствами и является единственным препаратом этой группы, который рекомендован к применению при тяжелой стадии болезни Альцгеймера.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Recently, healthcare specialists have put great emphasis on the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and diabetes. There are many common pathogenic mechanisms underlying both diseases: insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, chronic hyperglycemia, acute hypoglycemic episodes, microangiopathy, inflammation, dyslipidemia, etc. It is assumed that there is a direct link between insulin and Alzheimer's disease. Insulin regulates β-amyloid synthesis as well as tau phosphorylation. Cognitive impairment and dementia associated with diabetes can also be mediated through vascular factors including, primarily, development of microangiopathy. Еру vascular and neurodegenerative components can be mutually intensified. One of the key elements in the pathogenesis of cognitive degradation is impaired cholinergic transmission. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are the drugs of choice for the treatment of both Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. The effectiveness of donepezil (Alzepil) has been proved in numerous trials: it is characterized by the best tolerability compared with other cholinergic drugs and is the only drug in the group recommended for use in severe stages of Alzheimer's disease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>деменция</kwd><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>донепезил</kwd><kwd>dementia</kwd><kwd>Alzheimer's disease</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>diabetes</kwd><kwd>donepezil</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Информационный бюллетень ВОЗ №362, 2015 Март http://www.who.int/mediacentre/ factshe ets/fs362/ru/.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Информационный бюллетень ВОЗ №362, 2015 Март http://www.who.int/mediacentre/ factshe ets/fs362/ru/.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mayeux R. 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