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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2020-5-50-60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-5602</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ПЕЧЕНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LIVER DISEASE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Алкогольная болезнь печени. Клинический пример</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alcoholic liver disease. Clinical example</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2182-8379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полунина</surname><given-names>Т. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polunina</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полунина Татьяна Евгеньевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana E. Polunina - Dr. of Sci. (Med), professor of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology.</p><p>20, b. 1, Delegateskaya St., Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">poluntan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Yevdokimov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Полунина Т.Е., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Полунина Т.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Polunina T.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5602">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5602</self-uri><abstract><p>Алкогольная болезнь печени (ДБП) является одним из основных заболеваний печени, связанных с высоким уровнем смертности. Ежегодно в мире происходит около 3 млн смертей, причиной которых является алкоголь. ДБП охватывает спектр повреждений печени начиная от бессимптомного стеатоза, алкогольного стеатогепатита, фиброза и заканчивая циррозом. Кроме того, у пациентов может развиться острая и хроническая форма печеночной недостаточности, алкогольный гепатит (АГ), кровотечение из варикозно-расширенных вен пищевода или желудка, асцит, коагулопатия, печеночная энцефалопатия и рак печени. У большинства пациентов АГ диагностируется на поздних стадиях заболевания с более высоким уровнем осложнений и смертности. Пациенты, злоупотребляющие алкоголем, могут одновременно иметь вирусные гепатиты В или С, генетические заболевания, такие как дефицит антитрипсина альфа-1 или гемохроматоз. Клинические проявления заболевания очень разнообразны. Не существует специального лабораторного теста для выявления алкогольной причины повреждения печени. Биопсия печени в контексте злоупотребления алкоголем в анамнезе является диагностической, но не показана абсолютно для всех пациентов. Основным направлением терапии больных АБП независимо от стадии заболевания является длительное алкогольное воздержание. Воздержание также является основным ключом к профилактике алкогольных заболеваний печени. Кортикостероиды обеспечивают краткосрочное улучшение выживаемости примерно у половины пациентов с тяжелой формой АГ, а долгосрочная выживаемость связана с тяжестью основного заболевания печени и зависит от воздержания от приема алкоголя. Общие терапевтические меры у пациентов, госпитализированных с ДБП, включают стационарное лечение осложнений, лечение синдрома отмены алкоголя, мониторирование сопутствующих инфекционных заболеваний и их раннюю эффективную терапию антибиотиками, добавление в схемы терапии гепатопротекторов и лечение основного расстройства, связанного с употреблением алкоголя. Трансплантация печени (ТП) является окончательным вариантом лечения у пациентов с декомпенсированным алкогольным циррозом печени. ТП может также рассматриваться и у отдельных пациентов с АГ, которые не отвечают на медикаментозную терапию. Существующие схемы лечения АГ имеют недостаточную эффективность, в связи с этим требуется разработка новых методов и схем таргетной терапии АБП. В этой статье мы рассмотрим патогенез и лечение ДБП, уделяя больше внимания АГ, его актуальным и перспективным методам лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the major liver diseases associated with high mortality rates. There are about 3 million alcohol-related deaths worldwide every year. ALD covers the spectrum of liver damage ranging from asymptomatic steatosis, alcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis to cirrhosis. In addition, patients may suffer from acute and chronic liver failure, alcoholic hepatitis (AH), bleeding from esophageal or gastric varices, ascites, coagulopathy, hepatic encephalopathy and liver cancer. In most patients, AH is diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease with higher complication and mortality rates. Patients abusing alcohol may simultaneously have viral hepatitis B or C, genetic diseases such as alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency or hemochromatosis. The clinical manifestations of the disease are very diverse. There is no special laboratory test to detect the alcoholic cause of liver damage. A liver biopsy in the context of alcohol abuse in the history is a diagnostic test, but is not indicated for all patients. The main focus of therapy for ALD patients regardless of the stage of the disease is prolonged alcoholic abstinence. Abstinence is also the main key to preventing alcoholic liver diseases. Corticosteroids provide short-term survival improvement in about half of the patients with severe AH, and long-term survival is related to the severity of the underlying liver disease and depends on alcohol abstinence. General therapeutic measures in patients hospitalized with ALD include inpatient treatment of complications, treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome, monitoring of concomitant infectious diseases and their early effective antibiotic therapy, addition of hepatoprotectors to therapy regimens, and treatment of the underlying alcohol-related disorder. Liver transplantation (LT) is the final treatment option in patients with decompensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis. LT may also be considered in individual patients with AH who do not respond to drug therapy. Existing AH treatment regimens have insufficient efficacy, therefore, development of new methods and regimens of ALD targeted therapy is required. In this article we will consider the pathogenesis and treatment of ALD, paying more attention to AH, its topical and promising methods of treatment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алкоголь</kwd><kwd>биопсия</kwd><kwd>гепатит</kwd><kwd>гепатоцит</kwd><kwd>метаболизм</kwd><kwd>стеатоз</kwd><kwd>цирроз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alcohol</kwd><kwd>biopsy</kwd><kwd>hepatitis</kwd><kwd>hepatocyte</kwd><kwd>metabolism</kwd><kwd>steatosis</kwd><kwd>cirrhosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yoon Y-H., Chen C.M. Surveillance Report #105. Liver cirrhosis mortality in the United States: national, state, and regional trends, 2000-2013. 2016. Available at: https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/surveiUance105/Cirr13.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yoon Y-H., Chen C.M. Surveillance Report #105. 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