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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2020-6-72-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-5637</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ОТОРИНОЛАРИНГОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL ISSUES OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностика и лечение дисфоний на современном этапе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnosis and treatment of dysphonia at the present stage</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1257-9879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свистушкин</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svistushkin</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свистушкин Валерий Михайлович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой болезней уха, горла и носа</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriy M. Svistushkin, Dr. of Sci. (Med), Professor, Head of the Department of Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svvm3@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8617-0179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифорова</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforova</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никифорова Галина Николаевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina N. Nikiforova, Dr. of Sci. (Med), Professor</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gn_nik_63@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9030-4056</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Побиванцева,</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pobivantseva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Побиванцева Анна Андреевна, врач-ординатор</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Pobivantseva, resident physician</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">www.vesta.ru@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Свистушкин В.М., Никифорова Г.Н., Побиванцева, А.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Свистушкин В.М., Никифорова Г.Н., Побиванцева, А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Svistushkin V.M., Nikiforova G.N., Pobivantseva A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5637">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5637</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматриваются основные аспекты диагностики и лечения дисфоний на современном этапе, приведены современные клинические рекомендации. Существует большое количество патологических процессов, являющихся причиной возникновения дисфонии. Настораживающими в данном аспекте являются неопластические процессы и новообразования, задержка в диагностике которых приводит к более высокой смертности. При сохранении дисфонии в течение более 4 недель обязательно проведение ларингоскопии для исключения серьезных заболеваний гортани. Наиболее подверженными возникновению дисфонии являются люди «голосовых» профессий. Значимым является определение факторов риска у пациентов, которыми являются: недавние операции в области головы, шеи, грудной клетки, недавняя эндотрахеальная интубация, наличие образования на шее, голосоречевая профессия, курение в анамнезе, наличие признаков дыхательной недостаточности. Лечение больных дисфонией определяется причиной патологического процесса и может включать коррекцию основного заболевания, фармакотерапию, немедикаментозное воздействие и хирургическое вмешательство. Среди средств медикаментозного воздействия аллопатической медицины крайне мало препаратов, специфически улучшающих качество голосовой функции. В этой связи большая роль в лечении расстройств голоса отводится гомеопатическим препаратам, которые продемонстрировали свою эффективность по данным клинических исследований и имеют широкий спектр показаний и минимальное количество побочных эффектов. Однако использование традиционных гомеопатических средств ограничено необходимостью специальных знаний в области гомеопатии. Для оптимизации лечения данных пациентов были разработаны комплексные гомеопатические препараты, применение которых возможно в комбинации с традиционным лечением специалистами без специфических знаний в области гомеопатии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses the main aspects of diagnosis and treatment of dysphonia at the present stage and provides best practice guidelines. There is a vast array of pathologies that can give rise to dysphonia. Neoplastic processes and neoplasms, which late diagnosis leads to higher mortality, are considered alarming in this context. If dysphonia persists for more than 4 weeks, it is required to make laryngoscopy to exclude serious larynx diseases. People whose work involves using their voice are the most susceptible to the development of dysphonia. It is important to identify risk factors in patients, which include recent operations in the head, neck and chest area, recent endotracheal intubation, the presence of neck lesion, voice and speech profession, smoking history, signs of respiratory failure. Treatment for dysphonia depends on the cause of the pathological process and may include management of the underlying disease, pharmacotherapy, non-drug treatment and surgical intervention. There are extremely few products among the health aids of allopathic medicine that specifically improve the quality of voice function. In this regard, homeopathic medicines play a large role in the treatment of voice disorders. Clinical studies showed the efficacy of these medicines, which have a wide range of indications and a minimal number of side effects. However, the use of traditional homeopathic medicines is limited by the need for homeopathy expertise. Complex homeopathic medicines have been developed to optimize the treatment of these patients. Any specialist without homeopathy expertise may use a combination of these medicines and conventional treatment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дисфония</kwd><kwd>гомеопатия</kwd><kwd>клиническая гомеопатия</kwd><kwd>охриплость</kwd><kwd>фониатрия</kwd><kwd>голос</kwd><kwd>ларингология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dysphonia</kwd><kwd>homeopathy</kwd><kwd>clinical homeopathy</kwd><kwd>hoarseness</kwd><kwd>phoniatry</kwd><kwd>laryngology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stachler R.J., Francis D.O., Schwartz S.R., Damask C.C., Digoy G.P., Krouse H.J. et al. Clinical Practice Guideline: Hoarseness (Dysphonia) (Update). 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