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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2020-8-88-94</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-5685</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДЕМИЕЛИНИЗИРУЮЩИЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DEMYELINATING DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Моноклональные антитела в терапии рассеянного склероза: от клинических исследований к практическому применению</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: from clinical research to practical application</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2826-0560</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лащ</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lashch</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лащ Наталия Юрьевна, к.м.н., доцент, кафедра неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики</p><p>117997, Россия, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliia Yu. Lashch, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical genetics</p><p>1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lashn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лащ Н.Ю., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лащ Н.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lashch N.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5685">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5685</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассеянный склероз (РС) – хроническое аутоиммунное воспалительное демиелинизирующее и нейродегенеративное заболевание с мультифакториальной этиологией развития. РС в большинстве случаев имеет волнообразное течение (периоды обострений сменяются ремиссиями), со временем болезнь приобретает прогрессирующий характер, что ухудшает качество жизни пациентов. Более 30 лет активно применяется в клинической практике патогенетическая иммуномодулирующая терапия РС для профилактики обострений и прогрессирования РС. У пациентов с РС, у которых болезнь протекает с частыми обострениями и признаками радиологической активности демиелинизирующего процесса по данным магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) головного и спинного мозга, в настоящее время рекомендуется использовать препараты моноклональных антител. Для терапии первично-прогрессирующего РС зарегистрирован единственный препарат – окрелизумаб. Кроме того, окрелизумаб показан пациентам с ремиттирующим и вторично-прогрессирующим РС. В арсенале российских неврологов имеется 18 препаратов, большинство входят в перечень жизненно необходимых, часть из них включена в программу «12 высокозатратных нозологий» (12 ВЗН), некоторые будут включены с 2021 г. Пациенты получают лечение бесплатно. Окрелизумаб представляет собой гуманизированное моноклональное антитело, которое избирательно истощает популяцию CD20+ В-клеток. Истощение популяции В-клеток достигается с помощью нескольких механизмов, включая антителозависимый клеточно-опосредованный фагоцитоз, антителозависимую T-клеточно-опосредованную цитотоксичность, комплемент-зависимую цитотоксичность и индукцию апоптоза. В статье представлены данные клинических исследований OPERA I и OPERA II. Рассматриваются вопросы эффективности и безопасности терапии окрелизумабом у пациентов с РС. Описан клинический случай из практики невролога.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease with a multifactorial etiology of development. MS in most cases has a wave-like course (periods of exacerbations and remissions), over time, the disease becomes progressive, which worsens the quality of life of patients. The drugs disease-modifying therapies (DMT) has been actively used in clinical practice for more than 30 years to prevent exacerbations and progression of MS. In patients with MS, in which the disease occurs with frequent exacerbations and signs of radiological activity of the demyelinating process, according to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and spinal cord, it is recommended to use monoclonal antibody preparations. The only drug registered for the treatment of primary progressive MS is ocrelizumab. In addition, ocrelizumab is indicated for patients with remitting and secondary progressive MS. Ocrelizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively depletes a population of CD20+ B cells. The article presents data from clinical studies of OPERA I and OPERA II and describes a clinical case from the practice of a neurologist. Depletion of the B cell population is achieved by several mechanisms, including antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis, antibody-dependent T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, complement-dependent cytotoxicity, and apoptosis induction. The issues of efficacy and safety of ocrelizumab therapy in patients with MS are considered.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>препараты</kwd><kwd>изменяющие течение рассеянного склероза</kwd><kwd>ремиттирующий рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>вторично-прогрессирующий рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>активный рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>безопасность и эффективность</kwd><kwd>окрелизумаб</kwd><kwd>иммуномодулирующая терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>remitting multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>secondary progressive multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>DMT</kwd><kwd>active multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd><kwd>efficiency</kwd><kwd>ocrelizumab</kwd><kwd>immunomodulatory therapy</kwd><kwd>clinical case</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бойко А.Н., Гусев Е.И. 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