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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2020-10-151-162</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-5699</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ШКОЛА ПЕДИАТРА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRICIAN SCHOOL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Длительная лихорадка у ребенка: в чем причина, как обследовать, лечить или не лечить?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Long-term fever in a child: what is the reason, how to examine, treat or not treat?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Ирина Николаевна, д.м.н., профессор, заслуженный врач РФ, заведующая кафедрой педиатрии имени Г.Н. Сперанского</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Zakharova, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honoured Doctor of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G.N. Speransky</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Османов</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osmanov</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Османов Исмаил Магомедович, д.м.н., профессор, главный врач</p><p>125373, Москва, ул. Героев Панфиловцев, д. 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ismail M. Osmanov, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Chief Physician</p><p>28, Geroev Panfilovtsev St., Moscow, 125373</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">OsmanovIM@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Творогова</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tvorogova</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Творогова Татьяна Михайловна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры педиатрии им. академика Г.Н. Сперанского</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana M. Tvorogova, Cand. of Sci. (Med), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G.N. Speransky</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tvort@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горяйнова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goryainova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горяйнова Александра Никитична, к.м.н., доцент кафедры педиатрии им. Г.Н. Сперанского</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra N. Goryainova, Cand. Of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Speransky Chair of Paediatrics</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex.goriaynowa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0668-7336</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриева</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитриева Юлия Андреевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры педиатрии имени Г.Н. Сперанского</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia A. Dmitrieva, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics named after Academician G.N. Speransky</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jadmitrieva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyeva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воробьева Александра Сергеевна, к.м.н., врач-педиатр</p><p>125373, Москва, ул. Героев Панфиловцев, д. 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra S. Vorobyeva, Cand. of Sci. (Med), Pediatrician</p><p>28, Geroev Panfilovtsev St., Moscow, 125373</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Короид</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koroid</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Короид Наталья Викторовна, врач-педиатр, заведующая 3-м инфекционным отделением</p><p>125373, Москва, ул. Героев Панфиловцев, д. 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Koroid, Paediatrician, Head of Infectious Department 3</p><p>28, Geroev Panfilovtsev St., Moscow, 125373</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Детская городская клиническая больница им. З.А. Башляевой</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Z.A. Bashlyaeva City Children’s Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>151</fpage><lpage>162</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захарова И.Н., Османов И.М., Творогова Т.М., Горяйнова А.Н., Дмитриева Ю.А., Воробьева А.С., Короид Н.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захарова И.Н., Османов И.М., Творогова Т.М., Горяйнова А.Н., Дмитриева Ю.А., Воробьева А.С., Короид Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharova I.N., Osmanov I.M., Tvorogova T.M., Goryainova A.N., Dmitrieva Y.A., Vorobyeva A.S., Koroid N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5699">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5699</self-uri><abstract><p>Длительная неясная лихорадка у детей различного возраста остается одной из трудных и актуальных проблем в практике педиатра. Несмотря на современные методы лабораторной и инструментальной диагностики, верификация причин длительной лихорадки остается затруднительной, в 10% случаев ее расшифровать не удается. Особенно важно в педиатрической практике дифференцировать лихорадку от гипертермии. В статье представлены сведения о современном состоянии проблемы. Изложены механизмы развития лихорадки и гипертермии, приведены критерии лихорадки неясного генеза. Указано, что под маской лихорадки неясного генеза у детей в 60–70% случаев протекают инфекционные заболевания. Системные заболевания соединительной ткани, васкулиты выявляются в 20% случаев, гематоонкологические – в 5%, аутовоспалительные – в 5%, невыясненной причина лихорадки остается в 10% случаев. Приведены клинические наблюдения за детьми с заболеваниями, дебютировавшими лихорадкой неясного генеза с диагнозами: ювенильный ревматоидный артрит (ЮРА), системный вариант с высокой активностью (по индексу DAS 28 = 5,1 при норме &lt; 2,6); слизисто-кожный лимфонодулярный синдром (синдром Кавасаки), поражение сердечно-сосудистой системы (мелкие аневризмы коронарных артерий), бактериально-вирусная инфекция; аутовоспалительный синдром – синдром дефицита мевалонаткиназы (гипер-IgD-синдром). Изложены диагностические подходы для верификации фебрилитета. Отмечено, что при стабильном состоянии пациента приступать к лечению без установления причины лихорадки не следует и целесообразно ограничиться антипиретиком, обладающим центральным и периферическим действием, с выраженным жаропонижающим эффектом, анальгезирующим и противовоспалительным действием.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Long unclear fever in children of different ages remains one of the difficult and topical issues in the paediatric practice. Despite up-to-date techniques of laboratory and instrumental examination, verification of prolonged fever causes remains difficult; it cannot be deciphered in 10% of cases. It is especially important to differentiate fever from hyperthermia in paediatric practice. The article provides an overview of the status update on the issue. The mechanisms of fever and hyperthermia are described, criteria for fever of unknown origin are given. It is stated that infectious diseases under the guise of fever of unknown origin develop in 60–70% of children. Systemic connective tissue disease and vasculitis are detected in 20% of cases, hemato-oncological – in 5%, auto-inflammatory – in 5%, the cause of fever remains unknown in 10% of cases. The article provides clinical observations of children with diseases debuting as fever of unknown origin with the following diagnoses: juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), a systemic variant with high activity (DAS index 28 = 5.1 at the rate of &lt; 2.6); mucocutaneous lymphonodular syndrome (Kawasaki syndrome), damages of cardiovascular system (small coronary artery aneurysms), bacterial-viral infection; auto-inflammatory syndrome – mevalonate kinase deficiency syndrome (hyper-IgD syndrome). Diagnostic approaches to the verification of febrile condition are outlined. It is noted that treatment should not be started in a stable condition of the patient without establishing the cause of the fever, and it is advisable to use only an antipyretic agent with central and peripheral effects, pronounced antipyretic effect, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лихорадка</kwd><kwd>гипертермия</kwd><kwd>лихорадка неясного генеза</kwd><kwd>аутоиммунные заболевания</kwd><kwd>неопластические заболевания</kwd><kwd>ювенильный ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>антипиретики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fever</kwd><kwd>hyperthermia</kwd><kwd>fever of unknown origin</kwd><kwd>autoimmune diseases</kwd><kwd>neoplastic diseases</kwd><kwd>juvenile rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>antipyretics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гордеев А.В., Савушкина Н.М., Галушко Е.А. 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