medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2020-10-55-63medsovet-5712Research ArticleГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯGASTROENTEROLOGYПрименение пробиотиков в практике педиатраThe use of probiotics in pediatric practicehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2258-8859ПахомовскаяН. Л.PakhomovskaiaN. L.

Пахомовская Надежда Леонидовна, к.м.н., врач-гастроэнтеролог консультативного отделения консультативно-диагностического центра

119296, Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2, стр. 1

Nadezhda L. Pakhomovskaia, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), gastroenterologist of the Advisory Department of the Consultative and Diagnostic Centre

2, Bldg. 1, Lomonosovskiy Prospect, Moscow, 119926

chexonte76@mail.ruТатьянинаО. Ф.TatyaninaO. F.

Татьянина Ольга Федоровна, к.м.н., врач-гастроэнтеролог консультативного отделения консультативно-диагностического центра

119296, Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2, стр. 1

Olga F. Tatyanina, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), gastroenterologist of the Advisory Department of the Consultative and Diagnostic Centre

2, Bldg. 1, Lomonosovskiy Prospect, Moscow, 119926

olgatatyanina@gmail.comНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детейРоссияNational Medical Research Center for Children’s HealthRussian Federation2020280720200105563Copyright © Пахомовская Н.Л., Татьянина О.Ф., 20202020Пахомовская Н.Л., Татьянина О.Ф.Pakhomovskaia N.L., Tatyanina O.F.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5712

Микробиота человека принимает участие в различных физиологических процессах организма, а нарушение ее качественного и количественного состава ассоциировано с развитием ряда заболеваний. Микробиота и макроорганизм сосуществуют в своеобразном симбиозе, где каждый из партнеров извлекает выгоды и оказывает влияние на другого. Эффекты микробиоты проявляются как локально, так и на системном уровне. Функция микробиоты по поддержанию гомеостаза сопоставима с ролью любого другого жизненно важного органа, поэтому любые нарушения ее состава могут приводить к отклонениям в состоянии здоровья человека. В статье рассматриваются пути коррекции нарушений микробного пейзажа кишечника при помощи пробиотических препаратов. Актуальность проблемы обусловлена обилием предлагаемых пробиотических препаратов на фармацевтическом рынке и недостаточной их изученностью в крупных исследованиях с участием детей. В статье представлены требования по эффективности и безопасности, предъявляемые к пробиотическим штаммам, как входящим в состав лекарственных препаратов, так и имеющим статус биологически активных добавок, в том числе к тем, которые используются в педиатрии. Приведены данные о роли как пробиотиков в целом, так и отдельных штаммов в профилактике и лечении заболеваний пищеварительного тракта у детей. Проанализирована эффективность наиболее изученных пробиотических штаммов, а именно Lactobacillis rhamnosus GG, в терапевтических схемах и при профилактике заболеваний желудочно-кишечного тракта у детей, в частности в терапии острого гастроэнтерита, антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи и функциональной абдоминальной боли.

Human microbiota takes part in various physiological processes of the body, and violation of its qualitative and quantitative composition is associated with the development of several diseases. Microbiota and macroorganism coexist in a kind of symbiosis, where each partner benefits from each other and affects the other. The effects of microbiota are manifested both locally and on a systemic level. The function of the microbiota to maintain homeostasis is comparable to that of any other vital organ, so any disturbance of its composition can lead to deviations in the state of human health. The article deals with ways of correction of intestinal microbiota disturbances with the help of probiotic preparations. The urgency of the problem is caused by the abundance of probiotic preparations offered at the pharmaceutical market and insufficient knowledge about them in large studies involving children. The article presents the requirements for efficacy and safety of probiotic strains both included in preparations and having the status of biologically active additives, including those used in pediatrics. Data on the role of both probiotics as a whole and individual strains in the prevention and treatment of digestive tract diseases in children are presented. The effectiveness of the most studied probiotic strains, in particular Lactobacillis rhamnosus GG, in therapeutic schemes and in the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in children, in particular in the treatment of acute gastroenteritis, antibiotic-associated diarrhea and functional abdominal pain, is analyzed.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.