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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2020-13-99-104</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-5792</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРЕ- И ПОСТМЕНОПАУЗА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRE- AND POSTMENOPAUSE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности применения фитоэстрогенов в терапии климактерического синдрома</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Possibilities of using phytoestrogens in the treatment of menopausal syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7430-1207</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якушевская</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakushevskaya</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Якушевская Оксана Владимировна - кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник отделения гинекологической эндокринологии.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул.  Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana V. Yakushevskaya - Cand. of Sci. (Med.),  Researcher of the Department of Gynecological Endocrinology.</p><p>4, Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aluckyone777@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. академика В.И. Кулакова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>13</issue><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Якушевская О.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Якушевская О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakushevskaya O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5792">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5792</self-uri><abstract><p>В цивилизованном мире существует дилемма, как относиться к старению - воспринимать его как естественный процесс, характерный для любого живого организма, или же возвести в ранг заболевания, чтобы попытаться разработать методы лечения. Возрастные изменения у женщины начинаются примерно с 40 лет и соотносятся с различными гормональными перестройками. Довольно часто данный этап в жизни представительниц прекрасного пола не остается незамеченным, вносит досадные коррективы в образ жизни с необходимостью менять устоявшиеся привычки и правила. Интересно, что в эпоху информационных технологий женщины не всегда достаточно осведомлены об основных возрастных метаморфозах в собственном организме. Первостепенная задача клиницистов - своевременно раскрыть секреты женского здоровья и помочь адаптироваться к предстоящим переменам.</p><p>Колебания гормонального статуса отмечаются в течение всей жизни женщины. Вопреки распространенному среди женщин ошибочному мнению, отождествлять климакс со старостью совершенно некорректно, т. к. гормональная функция у женщин начинает угасать задолго до начала истинного старения. Климакс - это многоэтапный период жизни, в течение которого все системы женского организма приспосабливаются к новым условиям дефицита эстрогенов.</p><p>В терапии климактерических расстройств применяют гормональную терапию синтетическими аналогами женских половых гормонов. Истинным протективным влиянием в отношении метаболических расстройств, остеопороза, сердечно-сосудистых осложнений, когнитивных нарушений обладают только препараты биоидентичных гормонов. Согласно клиническим рекомендациям, подходы к лечению климактерических расстройств должны быть четко индивидуализированы с учетом выявленных рисков и ожидаемой пользы. Выбор оптимального состава и режима МГТ позволяет повысить эффективность и минимизировать возможные риски. Клиницисты не должны забывать о ситуациях, когда имеются ограничения или противопоказания к применению МГТ. Наличие абсолютных и относительных противопоказаний к МГТ, а также широко распространенная в нашей стране гормонофобия у женщин подвигли к разработке альтернативных методов лечения менопаузальных расстройств.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the civilized world, there is a dilemma on how to relate to aging - to perceive it as a natural process characteristic of any living organism or to elevate it to the rank of a disease in order to try to develop methods of “treatment”. Age-related changes in a woman begin at about 40 years old and are associated with various hormonal changes. Often this stage in the life of the fair sex does not go unnoticed, it makes unpleasant corrections to the lifestyle with the need to change established habits and rules. Interestingly, in the era of information technology, women are not always sufficiently informed about the main age-related changes in their own body. The primary task of clinicians is to timely reveal the secrets of women’s health and help them adapt to the upcoming changes. Fluctuations in hormonal status are observed throughout a woman’s life. Contrary to the common misconception among women, it is completely incorrect to identify menopause with old age, because the hormonal function in women begins to fade long before the true aging. Climax is a multistage period of life, during which all systems of the female body adapt to the new conditions of estrogen deficiency.</p><p>In the treatment of climacteric disorders hormonal therapy with synthetic analogues of female sex hormones is used. Only preparations of bioidentical hormones have a real protective effect on metabolic disorders, osteoporosis, cardiovascular complications, cognitive disorders. According to clinical recommendations, approaches to the treatment of menopausal disorders should be clearly customized to the identified risks and expected benefits. Choosing the optimal composition and regime of MHT allows to increase efficiency and minimize possible risks. Clinicians should not forget about situations where there are restrictions or contraindications to the use of MHT. The presence of absolute and relative contraindications to MHT, as well as widespread hormoneophobia in our country in women have led to the development of alternative methods of treatment of menopausal disorders.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>менопауза</kwd><kwd>климактерический синдром</kwd><kwd>вазомоторные симптомы (ВМС)</kwd><kwd>фитоэстрогены</kwd><kwd>изофлавоны</kwd><kwd>менопаузальная гормональная терапия (МГТ)</kwd><kwd>экстракт красного клевера</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>menopause</kwd><kwd>climacteric syndrome</kwd><kwd>vasomotor symptoms (VMSs)</kwd><kwd>phytoestrogens</kwd><kwd>isoflavones</kwd><kwd>menopausal hormone therapy (MHT)</kwd><kwd>red clover extract</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fuentes N., SiLveyra Р. Chapter Three - Estrogen receptor signaling mechanisms. 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