medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2020-15-135-144medsovet-5837Research ArticleЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ КИШЕЧНИКАBOWEL DISEASESИммуномодулирующие эффекты пробиотиковImmunomodulatory effects of probioticshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-1808ПлотниковаЕ. Ю.PlotnikovaE. Yu.

Плотникова Екатерина Юрьевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры поликлинической терапии, постдипломной подготовки врачей и ВСО, руководитель курса клинической гастроэнтерологии

650022, Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, д. 22а

Ekaterina Yu. Plotnikova, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Polyclinic Therapy, Postgraduate Training of Doctors and HNE, Head of Clinical Gastroenterology Course

22a, Voroshilov St., Kemerovo, 650029

eka-pl@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3475-9125ЗахароваЮ. В.ZakharovaYu. V.

Захарова Юлия Валерьевна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры микробиологии, иммунологии и вирусологии

650022, Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, д. 22а

Yuliya V. Zakharova, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Virology

22a, Voroshilov St., Kemerovo, 650029

yvz@bk.ruКемеровский государственный медицинский университетРоссияKemerovo State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202022102020015135144Copyright © Плотникова Е.Ю., Захарова Ю.В., 20202020Плотникова Е.Ю., Захарова Ю.В.Plotnikova E.Y., Zakharova Y.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5837

Сегодня происходит взрыв открытий, связанных с растущим пониманием роли сообществ микробов, ключевых видов бактерий, продуктов или метаболитов, производных от комменсалов, и, в частности, связи между некоторыми из этих компонентов и болезненными состояниями у людей. Микробиота играет фундаментальную роль в индукции, обучении и функционировании иммунной системы хозяина. В свою очередь, иммунная система в значительной степени эволюционировала как средство поддержания симбиотических отношений хозяина с этими очень разнообразными и развивающимися микробами. При оптимальной работе этот альянс иммунной системы и микробиоты позволяет индуцировать защитные реакции на патогены и поддерживать регуляторные пути, участвующие в поддержании толерантности к безвредным антигенам. В этом обзоре мы очерчиваем роль микробиоты кишечника в иммунитете, начиная с исходной информации, подтверждающей представление о последствиях дисбактериоза кишечной микробиоты в восприимчивости хозяина к инфекциям. Пробиотики считаются хорошей формой терапии для сдерживания вредных кишечных микроорганизмов, улучшения пищеварения и усвоения питательных веществ. Благоприятные эффекты пробиотиков продемонстрированы при многих заболеваниях. Один из основных механизмов действия пробиотиков – регуляция иммунного ответа хозяина. Описана уникальная роль пробиотиков в поддержании микробного гомеостаза кишечника, а также в выработке интерферона как противовирусного механизма. Кроме того, рассматривается и обсуждается регулирующая роль пробиотиков в системе «кишечник – легкие» и иммунной системе слизистых оболочек как потенциального противовирусного механизма, в т. ч. и при COVID-19. Описаны мультипробиотические продукты Бак-Сет® Форте и Бак-Сет® Колд/Флю.

Today, there is an explosion of discoveries related to a growing understanding of the role of microbial communities, key species of bacteria, products or metabolites derived from commensals, and in particular the relationship between some of these components and painful conditions in humans. Microbiota plays a fundamental role in the induction, training and functioning of the host’s immune system. In turn, the immune system has evolved significantly as a means of maintaining the host’s symbiotic relations with these very diverse and developing microbes. At optimal performance, this alliance of the immune system and microbiota allows to induce protective reactions to pathogens and maintain regulatory pathways involved in maintaining tolerance to harmless antigens. In this review, we outline the role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune system, starting with initial information supporting further insights into the effects of intestinal microbiota dysbacteriosis on the host’s susceptibility to infection. Probiotics are considered a good form of therapy to control harmful intestinal microorganisms, improve digestion and the absorption of nutrients. The beneficial effects of probiotics have been demonstrated in many diseases. One of the main mechanisms of probiotics is the regulation of the immune response of the host. The article reviews and discusses the regulatory role of probiotics in the “intestine-lungs” system and the immune system of mucous membranes for potential antiviral mechanisms. The unique role of probiotics in modulation of intestinal microbes and establishment of intestinal homeostasis and production of interferon as antiviral mechanism is described. In addition, the regulatory role of probiotics in the system «intestine-lungs» and the immune system of the mucous membranes for potential antiviral mechanisms, including in COVID-19 is considered and discussed. Symbiotic products Bac-Set® Forte and Bac-Set® Cold/Flu are described.

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Режим доступа: https://www.rmj.ru/articles/infektsionnye_bolezni/Profilaktika_narusheniy_biocenoza_u_detey_s_ostrymi_respiratornymi_infekciyami_ poluchayuschih_antibakterialynuyu_terapiyu/.Gorelov A.V., Melekhina E.V., Sidelnikova E.S. Prevention of biocenosis imbalance in children with acute upper respiratory tract infection receiving antibacterial treatment. RMZH = RMJ. 2019;27(10):26–31. (In Russ.) Available at: https://www.rmj.ru/articles/infektsionnye_bolezni/Profilaktika_narusheniy_biocenoza_u_detey_s_ostrymi_respiratornymi_infekciyami_poluchayuschih_antibakterialynuyu_terapiyu.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.