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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2020-16-102-108</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-5851</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ОТОРИНОЛАРИНГОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL ISSUES OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ринит: дифференциальная диагностика и принципы лечения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rhinitis: differential diagnosis and treatment principles</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7988-4229</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусева</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guseva</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гусева Александра Леонидовна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра оториноларингологии лечебного факультета</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra L. Guseva, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of General Medicine</p><p>1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexandra.guseva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8184-7312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дербенева</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Derbeneva</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дербенева Мария Львовна, кандидат медицинских наук, врач-оториноларинголог</p><p>119049, Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria L. Derbeneva, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Otorhynolaryngologist</p><p>8, Leninskiy Prospect, Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mlderbeneva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница №1 им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov City Clinical Hospital No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>16</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>108</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гусева А.Л., Дербенева М.Л., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гусева А.Л., Дербенева М.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Guseva A.L., Derbeneva M.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5851">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5851</self-uri><abstract><p>Ринит – это воспаление слизистой оболочки полости носа. К проявлениям этого заболевания относятся заложенность носа, чиханье, зуд в носу и на небе, ринорея и стекание слизи по задней стенке глотки. В развитии ринита могут иметь значение как аллергические, так и неаллергические факторы. Наиболее часто используемая классификация ринита включает аллергический ринит, неаллергический ринит, инфекционный ринит и специфические формы. Аллергический ринит подразделяется на интермиттирующую и персистирующую формы, а по выраженности симптомов – на легкую, среднетяжелую и тяжелую формы. Лечение аллергического ринита включает устранение контакта с аллергеном, аллерген-специфическую иммунотерапию и фармакотерапию, которая подбирается в зависимости от тяжести симптомов. Инфекционный ринит наблюдается при острой вирусной инфекции, а симптомы ринита присутствуют при остром и хроническом риносинусите. Неаллергический ринит включает такие формы, как вазомоторный, вкусовой риниты и неаллергический ринит с синдромом эозинофилии. Смешанный ринит имеет компоненты аллергического и неаллергического ринита. Кроме того, различают СИПАП-ринит, профессиональный ринит, медикаментозный ринит, ринит при системном назначении лекарственных препаратов, ринит беременных, атрофический ринит, ринит при системных заболеваниях. Диагностика формы ринита проводится по жалобам и анамнезу пациента, клинической картине, в ряде случаев в дифференциальной диагностике необходимо проведение лабораторных исследований и КТ околоносовых пазух. Подходы к лечению ринитов зависят от его формы и включают исключение аллергена или провоцирующих факторов, использование солевых растворов, интраназальных глюкокортикостероидов, системных антигистаминных препаратов, интраназальных кромонов, деконгестантов, при инфекционном рините возможно назначение антибактериальных препаратов. Дифференциальную диагностику ринита следует проводить с аномалиями строения, включая врожденные особенности, приобретенные состояния, новообразования, гастроэзофагеальный рефлюкс, назальной ликвореей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rhinitis is inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose. The clinical symptoms of this disease include nasal congestion, sneezing, itching of the nose and roof of mouth, rhinorrhea, and mucus draining down the back of the throat. Both allergic and non-allergic factors can play a role in the development of rhinitis. The most commonly used classification of rhinitis includes allergic rhinitis, non-allergic rhinitis, infectious rhinitis, and its specific forms. Allergic rhinitis is classified into the intermittent or persistent types, and may also be classified as mild, moderate and severe according to the severity of symptoms. Treatment of allergic rhinitis includes elimination of contact with allergen, allergen-specific immunotherapy and pharmacotherapy, which is selected depending on the severity of the symptoms. Infectious rhinitis develops in acute viral infection, and rhinitis symptoms are present in acute and chronic rhinosinusitis. Non-allergic rhinitis comprises conditions ranging from vasomotor rhinitis and gustatory rhinitis to non-allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome. Mixed rhinitis has components of allergic and non-allergic rhinitis. In addition, there are CPAP rhinitis, occupational rhinitis, medication rhinitis, rhinitis in systemic administration of drugs, rhinitis of pregnant women, atrophic rhinitis, rhinitis in systemic diseases. The type of rhinitis is diagnosed based on the patient’s complaints, anamnesis and clinical picture, some cases require laboratory tests and CT scan of the paranasal sinuses to differentiate the diagnosis. Approaches to the treatment of rhinitis depend on its type and include elimination of allergens or provoking factors, administration of saline solutions, intranasal glucocorticosteroids, systemic antihistamines, intranasal cromones, decongestants, antibacterial drugs may be prescribed to treat infectious rhinitis. Rhinitis should be differentiated from structural abnormalities, including congenital features, acquired conditions, neoplasms, gastroesophageal reflux, nasal liquorrhea.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аллергический ринит</kwd><kwd>неаллергический ринит</kwd><kwd>деконгестанты</kwd><kwd>инфекционный ринит</kwd><kwd>профессиональный ринит</kwd><kwd>СИПАП-ринит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>allergic rhinitis</kwd><kwd>non-allergic rhinitis</kwd><kwd>decongestants</kwd><kwd>infectious rhinitis</kwd><kwd>occupational rhinitis</kwd><kwd>CPAP rhinitis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beard S. Rhinitis. Prim Care. 2014;41(1):33–46. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2013.10.005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beard S. Rhinitis. 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