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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2020-19-23-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-5916</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НЕЙРОДЕГЕНЕРАТИВНЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Болезнь Альцгеймера: ошибки ведения пациентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alzheimer’s disease: clinical management errors</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1992-7960</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Парфенов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parfenov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Парфенов Владимир Анатольевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой нервных болезней и нейрохирургии.</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Parfenov - Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery.</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladimirparfenov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>19</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Парфенов В.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Парфенов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Parfenov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5916">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5916</self-uri><abstract><p>Ведение пациентов с болезнью Альцгеймера (БА) представляет одну из актуальных проблем современной медицины, однако не только врачи общей практики, но и неврологи в нашей стране недостаточно осведомлены о современных методах терапии БА, что во многом определяет ошибки при ведении пациентов. Заболевание редко диагностируется, пациенты часто наблюдаются с ошибочным диагнозом хронического цереброваскулярного заболевания (хроническая ишемия головного мозга, дисциркуляторная энцефалопатия) и не получают необходимого лечения. Пациенты с БА относительно редко получают рекомендации по нелекарственным методам терапии, которые включают когнитивную стимуляцию, когнитивный тренинг, регулярную физическую активность, богатое антиоксидантами питание. Пациентам редко назначаются противодементные средства: ингибиторы ацетилхолинэстеразы (донепезил, галантамин, ривастигмин) и блокатор NMDA-рецепторов мемантин. Только относительно небольшая часть пациентов с БА получает эффективную противодементную терапию. Это может быть связано с тем, что БА не диагностируется или определяется на поздних стадиях, когда противодементная терапия не столь эффективна, с недостаточной информированностью врачей о противодементных средствах и, наконец, с относительно высокой стоимостью лекарственных средств и сложностью их выписки в качестве льготных препаратов. К сожалению, часто пациентам с БА необоснованно назначаются антипсихотические средства и бензодиазепины, прием которых ухудшает когнитивные функции. Представлено клиническое наблюдение относительно молодого пациента с БА, который длительно наблюдался с ошибочным диагнозом дисциркуляторной энцефалопатии. Обсуждаются вопросы оптимизации ведения пациентов с БА в нашей стране, анализируются данные Кохрановского обзора по использованию донепезила на разных стадиях заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The management of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the urgent problems of modern medicine, however, not only general practitioners, but also neurologists in our country are not sufficiently aware of modern methods of AD therapy, which largely determines the errors in patient management. The disease is rarely diagnosed, patients are often observed with an erroneous diagnosis of chronic cerebrovascular disease (chronic cerebral ischemia, discirculatory encephalopathy) and do not receive the necessary treatment. It is relatively rare for AD patients to receive advice on non-drug therapies that include cognitive stimulation, cognitive training, regular physical activity, and antioxidant-rich nutrition. Anti dementic agents are rarely prescribed to patients: acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine) and memantine, an NMDA receptor blocker. Only a relatively small percentage of people who developed Alzheimer’s disease receive effective antidement therapy. This may be due to the fact that AD is not diagnosed or is diagnosed at more advanced stages of the disease when antidement therapy is not so effective, or that doctors do not have sufficient knowledge about antidement drugs and, finally, that the price of drugs is relatively high and the prescribing process for preferential provision of drugs is rather complicated. Unfortunately, antipsychotics and benzodiazepines are often unreasonably prescribed to patients with AD, the use of which impairs cognitive functions. The article presents a clinical observation of a relatively young patient with AD, who was followed up for a long time with an erroneous diagnosis of discirculatory encephalopathy. The issues of optimizing the management of AD patients in our country are discussed, and the data of the Cochrane review on the use of donepezil at different stages of the disease are analyzed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы центральной ацетилхолинэстеразы</kwd><kwd>донепезил</kwd><kwd>галантамин</kwd><kwd>ривастигмин</kwd><kwd>мемантин</kwd><kwd>когнитивный тренинг</kwd><kwd>когнитивное стимулирование</kwd><kwd>бензодиазепины</kwd><kwd>антипсихотики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Alzheimer’s disease</kwd><kwd>central acetylcholinesterase inhibitors</kwd><kwd>donepezil</kwd><kwd>galantamine</kwd><kwd>rivastigmine</kwd><kwd>memantine</kwd><kwd>cognitive training</kwd><kwd>cognitive stimulation</kwd><kwd>benzodiazepines</kwd><kwd>antipsychotics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chertkow H., Feldman H.H., Jacova C., Massoud F. 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