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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2020-19-31-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-5917</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НЕЙРОДЕГЕНЕРАТИВНЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мифология болезни Паркинсона: от леводопофобии к агонистофобии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mythology of Parkinson’s disease: from levodopa phobia to dopamine agonist phobia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3872-5923</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левин</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levin</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Левин Олег Семенович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой неврологии, Центр экстрапирамидных заболеваний.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg S. Levin - Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Centre.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">neurolev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4078-9240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чимагомедова</surname><given-names>А. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chimagomedova</surname><given-names>A. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чимагомедова Ачча Шахбулатовна - ассистент кафедры неврологии, Центр экстрапирамидных заболеваний.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Achcha Sh. Chimagomedova - Assistant of Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Centre.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">achcha5@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-2531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovleva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яковлева Ольга Викторовна - кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры неврологии, Центр экстрапирамидных заболеваний.</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Iakovleva, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Assistant of Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Centre.</p><p>2/1, Bldg. 1, Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga_bo2010@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>19</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Левин О.С., Чимагомедова А.Ш., Яковлева О.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Левин О.С., Чимагомедова А.Ш., Яковлева О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Levin O.S., Chimagomedova A.S., Yakovleva O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5917">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5917</self-uri><abstract><p>Любое распространенное заболевание человека (в т. ч. болезнь Паркинсона - БП) неизбежно обрастает мифами. В результате в первичной клинической практике среди врачей и пациентов начинают доминировать не научно обоснованные подходы, основанные на принципах доказательной медицины, а иррациональные представления, особенно часто фармакофобического характера. На практике часто приходится сталкиваться с ситуацией, когда врачи, догматично восприняв принцип отставленного начала терапии леводопой, долго пытаются вести больного на других противопаркинсо-нических препаратах, несмотря на явную неэффективность такой терапии и все более нарастающую обездвиженность больного. Данный феномен, основанный на иррациональном убеждении не только врачей, но и больных, в особой токсичности леводопы, принято обозначать как леводопофобия. Леводопофобия, наряду с появлением нового поколения агонистов дофаминовых рецепторов (АДР), чья способность отдалять развитие флуктуаций и дискинезий была доказана в серии плацебо-контролируемых исследований, а также ошибочная интерпретация синдрома отмены АДР как доказательства их высокой эффективности привели к широкому распространению этого класса препаратов. Однако применение АДР оказалось сопряженным с повышенным риском таких нежелательных явлений, как дневная сонливость, отеки голени, импульсивно-компульсивные расстройства, синдром отмены. Все это послужило основой для появления агонистофобии, что может приводить к неоправданно раннему назначению леводопы и развитию дискинезий. На наш взгляд, формула ведения больных, которой следует придерживаться врачам, должна выглядеть следующим образом: необходимо раннее назначение дофаминергических препаратов (чаще АДР или леводопы) у больных, обеспечивающее быструю возможную, пусть и не полную, коррекцию двигательного дефекта, которая была бы достаточна для сохранения двигательной активности больного, включая его профессиональную деятельность. По мере нарастания симптомов необходима эскалация противо-паркинсонической терапии с последовательным добавлением леводопы (или АДР), ингибиторов моноаминоксидазы В, амантадинов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Any common disease (including Parkinson’s disease) is inevitably overgrown with myths. As a result, not scientifically grounded approaches based on the principles of evidence-based medicine, but irrational ideas, especially often of a pharmacophobic nature, begin to dominate in primary clinical practice among doctors and patients. In clinical practice, we can often face to a situation when doctors, dogmatically accepting the principle of delayed initiation of levodopa therapy, for a long time try to guide the patient on other antiparkinsonian drugs, despite the obvious ineffectiveness of such therapy and the increasingly growing immobility of the patient. This phenomenon, based on the irrational beliefs of not only doctors, but also patients in the toxicity of levodopa, is commonly referred to as levodopa phobia. Levodopa phobia, along with the emergence of a new generation of dopamine agonists (DAs), whose ability to delay the development of fluctuations and dyskinesias has been proven in a series of placebo-controlled studies, as well as the erroneous interpretation of the withdrawal syndrome of DAs as evidence of their high effectiveness, have led to the widespread use of this class. drugs. However, the use of DA turned out to be associated with an increased risk of such adverse events as daytime sleepiness, leg edema, impulsive-compulsive disorders, and withdrawal syndrome. All this served as the basis for the appearance of “dopamine agonists phobia”, which can lead to unjustifiably early prescription of levodopa and the development of dyskinesias. What is the optimal way for managementof PD patients today? In our opinion, the patient management formula that doctors should adhere to should be as follows: early prescription of dopaminergic drugs (more often DAs or levodopa) is necessary, which provides a quick possible, albeit incomplete, correction of a motor defect, which would be sufficient to preserve the patient’s motor activity, including his professional activity; as the symptoms increase, an escalation of antiparkinsonian therapy with the sequential addition of levodopa (or DAs), MAO B inhibitors, amantadines is necessary.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Паркинсона</kwd><kwd>леводопа</kwd><kwd>леводопофобия</kwd><kwd>агонисты дофаминовых рецепторов</kwd><kwd>агонистофобия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Parkinson’s disease</kwd><kwd>levodopa</kwd><kwd>levodopa phobia</kwd><kwd>dopamine agonists</kwd><kwd>dopamine agonists phobia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Голубев В.Л., Левин Я.И., Вейн А.М. 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