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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2020-21-84-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-5969</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Пульмонология, лор</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Bronchopulmonology, otorhinolaryngology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Топические деконгестанты в практике врача-оториноларинголога</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Topical decongestants in otorhinolaryngologist practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6047-4924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривопалов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivopalov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м.н., старший научный сотрудник, </p><p>190013, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бронницкая, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, </p><p>9, Bronnitskaya St., St Petersburg, 190013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krivopalov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-365X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамкина</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamkina</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант,</p><p>190013, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бронницкая, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Graduate Student, </p><p>9, Bronnitskaya St., St Petersburg, 190013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">p.s.ent@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт уха, горла, носа и речи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>21</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кривопалов А.А., Шамкина П.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кривопалов А.А., Шамкина П.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krivopalov A.A., Shamkina P.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5969">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/5969</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема длительного и бесконтрольного употребления деконгестантов является одной из наиболее актуальных проблем современной оториноларингологии. На сегодняшний день вазоконстрикторы являются наиболее активно применяемыми лекарственными препаратами для лечения острого и хронического насморка, а также других заболеваний, сопровождающихся затруднением носового дыхания. Большая часть топических деконгестантов являются селективными α2-адреномиметиками, воздействующими на постсинаптические α2-адренорецепторы, которые осуществляют основную функцию в реализации симпатических стимулов в полости носа. α2-адреномиметики, помимо основного вазоконстрикторного эффекта, обладают еще и собственным противовоспалительным и антиоксидантным действием. Топические деконгестанты входят в стандарты лечения острого и хронического ринита, риносинусита, аллергического ринита, острого и хронического среднего отита, тубоотита. Рекомендованная продолжительность применения деконгестантов обычно ограничивается 5–7 днями. Более длительное применение этой группы препаратов может привести к парезу сосудов слизистой оболочки полости носа или аллергической реакции, к развитию медикаментозного ринита. Побочные эффекты, которые развиваются при применении топических деконгестантов, делятся на 2 группы: местные симптомы и общетоксические реакции. Однако при строгом соблюдении рекомендованного режима дозирования топических деконгестантов, способа их применения и продолжительности использования побочные и нежелательные явления встречаются в редких случаях. Новое развитие группа сосудосуживающих препаратов получила в результате комбинирования деконгестантов с другими лекарственными препаратами, за счет чего было достигнуто снижение рисков развития местных побочных явлений, устранение не только заложенности носа, но и прочих симптомов насморка.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of long-term and uncontrolled use of decongestants remains one of the most relevant problems of modern otorhinolaryngology. To date vasoconstrictors are the most actively used drugs for the treatment of acute and chronic rhinitis, as well as other diseases accompanied by nasal congestion. Most of the topical decongestants are selective α2-adrenergic agonists that act on postsynaptic α2-adrenergic receptors, which perform the main function in the implementation of sympathetic stimuli in the nasal cavity. Sympathomimetic drugs in addition to the main vasoconstrictor effect also have their own anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Topical decongestants are included in the treatment guidelines for acute and chronic rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, allergic rhinitis, acute and chronic otitis media, eustachitis. The recommended duration of decongestants is usually limited to 5–7 days. Longer use of this drug class can lead to paresis of the nasal mucosa vessels or an allergic reaction, to the development of rhinitis medicamentosa. Side effects that occur with the use of topical decongestants are divided into 2 groups: local symptoms and general toxic reactions. However, with strict adherence to the recommended dosing regimen of topical decongestants, to the method of use and to the duration of use, undesirable side effects are rare. The group of vasoconstrictor drugs received a new development as a result of the combination of decongestants with other drugs, which lead to the reducing local side effects and the elimination of not only nasal congestion, but also other symptoms of the common cold.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ринит</kwd><kwd>деконгестанты</kwd><kwd>сосудосуживающие препараты</kwd><kwd>побочные эффекты</kwd><kwd>комбинированные препараты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rhinitis</kwd><kwd>nasal decongestants</kwd><kwd>vasoconstrictive agents</kwd><kwd>side effects</kwd><kwd>combination drug</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Klöcker N., Rudolph P., Verse T. Evaluation of protective and therapeutic effects of dexpanthenol on nasal decongestants and preservatives: results of cytotoxic studies in vitro. Am J Rhinol. 2004;18(5):315–320. 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