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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-2-31-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6010</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГОЛОВНАЯ БОЛЬ И ГОЛОВОКРУЖЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEADACHE AND VERTIGO</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вестибулярный нейронит</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestibular neuronitis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1992-7960</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Парфенов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parfenov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Парфенов Владимир Анатольевич, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой нервных болезней и нейрохирургии</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Parfenov, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladimirparfenov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Парфенов В.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Парфенов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Parfenov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6010">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6010</self-uri><abstract><p>Вестибулярный нейронит возникает вследствие поражения вестибулярного нерва и проявляется внезапным и продолжительным приступом вестибулярного головокружения, сопровождающегося тошнотой, рвотой и нарушением равновесия. Обсуждаются вопросы этиологии, патогенеза, клиники, диагноза и лечения вестибулярного нейронита (ВН). Заболевание связывают с избирательным воспалением (вирусного или инфекционно-аллергического генеза) вестибулярного нерва. Роль вируса герпеса 1-го типа подтверждают случаи развития герпетического энцефалита при ВН. В 2020 г. описаны случаи развития ВН у пациентов с COVID-19. При ВН обычно поражается верхняя ветвь вестибулярного нерва, иннервирующая горизонтальный и передний полукружные каналы. Длительность головокружения при ВН колеблется от нескольких часов до нескольких суток. Сроки восстановления вестибулярной функции зависят от степени повреждения вестибулярного нерва, скорости центральной вестибулярной компенсации и выполнения больным вестибулярной гимнастики. Часть пациентов спустя месяцы и даже годы после ВН испытывают существенную неустойчивость. Диагноз «ВН» основывается на клинической картине заболевания, результатах отоневрологического обследования и исключении других заболеваний. Лечение ВН направлено на уменьшение головокружения, тошноты и рвоты и ускорение вестибулярной компенсации. В нашей стране ВН редко диагностируется, что связано с плохой информированностью врачей об этом заболевании. Представлено наблюдение пациента 46 лет с ВН, которому ошибочно был установлен диагноз вертебробазилярной недостаточности, что способствовало длительной нетрудоспособности пациента. Установление правильного диагноза, образовательная работа с пациентом, проведение вестибулярной гимнастики привели к улучшению состояния, регрессу неустойчивости. Обсуждаются вопросы эффективности вестибулярной гимнастики, применения бетагистина с целью ускорения восстановления пациентов с ВН.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Vestibular neuronitis occurs as a result of damage to the vestibular nerve and is manifested by a sudden and prolonged attack of vestibular vertigo, accompanied by nausea, vomiting and imbalance. Questions of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of VN are discussed. The disease is associated with selective inflammation (viral or infectious-allergic genesis) of the vestibular nerve. The role of herpes simplex virus type 1 is confirmed by cases of herpetic encephalitis in VN. In 2020, cases of VN development in patients with COVID-19 are described. VN usually affects the upper branch of the vestibular nerve, which innervates the horizontal and anterior semicircular canals. The duration of vertigo with VN ranges from several hours to several days. The timing of the restoration of vestibular function depends on the degree of damage to the vestibular nerve, the speed of central vestibular compensation and the patient’s performance of vestibular gymnastics. Some patients, months and even years after VN, experience significant instability. The diagnosis of VL is based on the clinical picture of the disease, the results of an otoneurological examination, and the exclusion of other diseases. VN treatment is aimed at reducing dizziness, nausea and vomiting and accelerating vestibular compensation. In our country VN is rarely diagnosed, which is associated with poor awareness of doctors about this disease. The article presents the observation of a 46-year-old patient with VN, who was mistakenly diagnosed with vertebrobasilar insufficiency, which contributed to the patient’s long-term disability. Establishing the correct diagnosis, educational work with the patient, conducting vestibular gymnastics led to an improvement in the condition, regression of instability. The issues of the effectiveness of vestibular gymnastics, the use of betahistine to accelerate the recovery of patients with VN are discussed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вестибулярный нейронит</kwd><kwd>вестибулярная гимнастика</kwd><kwd>бетагистин</kwd><kwd>бетагистин с модифицированным высвобождением</kwd><kwd>восстановление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vestibular neuronitis</kwd><kwd>vestibular gymnastics</kwd><kwd>betahistine</kwd><kwd>modified release betahistine</kwd><kwd>recovery</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muncie H.L., Sirmans S.M., James E. Dizziness: Approach to Evaluation and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2017;95(3):154–162. 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