medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2021-2-111-120medsovet-6019Research ArticleПРАКТИКАPRACTICEНарушения сна при мигрениSleep disorders in migrainehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7811-0416ВащенкоН. В.VashchenkoN. V.

Ващенко Нина Владимировна, аспирант, кафедра неврологии и нейрохирургии, Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); невролог, Университетская клиника головной боли

119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2121467, Москва, ул. Молодогвардейская, д. 2, корп. 1 

Nina V. Vashchenko, Postgraduate Student, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 1199912/1, Molodogvardeyskaya St., Moscow, 121467 

nina.vashch@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3524-4497КожевА. И.KozhevA. I.

Кожев Алексей Иванович, студент

119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2

Alexey I. Kozhev, Medical Student

8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991

alexkozhevs@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3713-4884АзимоваЮ. Э.AzimovаJu. E.

Азимова Юлия Эдвардовна, к.м.н., невролог

121467, Москва, ул. Молодогвардейская, д. 2, корп. 1

Julia E. Azimovа, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Neurologist

2/1, Molodogvardeyskaya St., Moscow, 121467

azimova.j@mail.ruПервый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); Университетская клиника головной болиРоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); University Headache ClinicRussian FederationПервый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Russian FederationУниверситетская клиника головной болиРоссияUniversity Headache ClinicRussian Federation20211103202102111120Copyright © Ващенко Н.В., Кожев А.И., Азимова Ю.Э., 20212021Ващенко Н.В., Кожев А.И., Азимова Ю.Э.Vashchenko N.V., Kozhev A.I., Azimovа J.E.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6019

Мигрень и нарушения сна широко распространены среди населения, могут сочетаться друг с другом и зачастую значительно снижать качество жизни пациентов. Существование связи между мигренью и нарушениями сна на протяжении длительного времени подтверждалось клиницистами и данными эпидемиологических исследований. Тем не менее точная природа этой связи, лежащие в ее основе механизмы и закономерности сложны и не до конца изучены.Представлены данные о коморбидности и взаимосвязи мигрени и нарушений сна: биохимические и функционально-анатомические предпосылки, взаимное влияние этих заболеваний друг на друга, а также типичные нарушения сна у пациентов с мигренью (инсомния, обструктивное апноэ сна, парасомнии, храп, повышенная дневная сонливость). Обсуждаются гипотезы патогенетической связи между этими состояниями на основе исследований анатомо-физиологических особенностей центральной нервной системы у людей с мигренью и нарушениями сна. Имеющиеся данные должны побудить врачей систематически оценивать качество сна у пациентов с мигренью и использовать комбинированные стратегии лечения. Рассмотрены как немедикаментозные, так и фармакологические методы лечения инсомнии; обсуждается преимущество комплексного подхода и предлагается краткий обзор каждой группы лекарственных средств.Представлено описание клинического случая пациентки с хронической мигренью и инсомнией, которой проводилась комплексная терапия с применением доксиламина. Лечение доксиламином значительно снизило проявления инсомнии, что положительно повлияло на течение мигрени.

Migraine and sleep disorders are common in the general population, may be associated with each other and often significantly reduce patients’ quality of life. Clinicians and epidemiological studies have long acknowledged a link between these conditions. However, the exact nature of this relationship, its underlying mechanisms and patterns are complex and not fully understood. This publication brings together the latest data on the relationship between migraine and sleep disorders: the biochemical and functional-anatomical background, the mutual influence of these conditions on each other and the typical sleep disturbances in migraine patients (such as insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, parasomnia, snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness). The paper discusses the hypotheses of pathogenetic relationships based on the studies of the central nervous system’s anatomical and physiological features in people with migraine and sleep disorders. The available data should encourage physicians to evaluate sleep quality in migraineurs and use combination therapy systematically. The therapy of insomnia is reviewed: both nonpharmacological and pharmacological therapies are discussed; the advantages of an integrated approach are discussed, and a brief overview of each group of medications is offered.Lastly, a case study of a patient with chronic migraine and insomnia treated with Doxylamine in combination therapy is presented. Treatment with Doxylamine significantly reduced the incidence of insomnia, probably thereby positively influencing the course of migraine as well.

мигреньголовные болинарушения снаинсомнияобструктивное апноэ снадоксиламинMigraineheadachesleep disordersinsomniaobstructive apneaDoxylamineReferencesOhayon M.M. Epidemiology of insomnia: what we know and what we still need to learn. Sleep Med Rev. 2002;6(2):97–111. doi: 10.1053/smrv.2002.0186.Ohayon M.M. Epidemiology of insomnia: what we know and what we still need to learn. Sleep Med Rev. 2002;6(2):97–111. doi: 10.1053/smrv.2002.0186.Вейн А.М., Хехт К. Сон человека: Физиология и патология. М.: Медицина; 1989.Veyn A.M., Khekht K. Human sleep: Physiology and pathology. Moscow: Medicine; 1989. (In Russ.)Sateia M.J. International classification of sleep disorders – third edition. Chest. 2014;146(5):1387–1394. doi: 10.1378/chest.14-0970.Sateia M.J. International classification of sleep disorders – third edition. Chest. 2014;146(5):1387–1394. doi: 10.1378/chest.14-0970.Ohayon M.M. Prevalence of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria of insomnia: distinguishing insomnia related to mental disorders from sleep disorders. J Psychiatr Res. 1997;31(3):333–346. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3956(97)00002-2.Ohayon M.M. Prevalence of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria of insomnia: distinguishing insomnia related to mental disorders from sleep disorders. J Psychiatr Res. 1997;31(3):333–346. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3956(97)00002-2.Acquavella J., Mehra R., Bron M., Suomi J.M.-H., Hess G.P. Prevalence of narcolepsy, other sleep disorders, and diagnostic tests from 2013–2016: insured patients actively seeking care. J Clin Sleep Med. 2020;16(8):1255–1263. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.8482.Acquavella J., Mehra R., Bron M., Suomi J.M.-H., Hess G.P. Prevalence of narcolepsy, other sleep disorders, and diagnostic tests from 2013–2016: insured patients actively seeking care. J Clin Sleep Med. 2020;16(8):1255–1263. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.8482.Hornyak M., Feige B., Riemann D., Voderholzer U. Periodic leg movements in sleep and periodic limb movement disorder: Prevalence, clinical significance and treatment. Sleep Med Rev. 2006;10(3):169–177. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2005.12.003.Hornyak M., Feige B., Riemann D., Voderholzer U. Periodic leg movements in sleep and periodic limb movement disorder: Prevalence, clinical significance and treatment. Sleep Med Rev. 2006;10(3):169–177. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2005.12.003.Vahia V.N. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 5: A quick glance. Indian J Psychiatry. 2013;55:220–223. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.117131.Vahia V.N. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 5: A quick glance. Indian J Psychiatry. 2013;55:220–223. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.117131.Dodick D.W., Eross E.J., Parish J.M. Clinical, anatomical, and physiologic relationship between sleep and headache. Headache. 2003;43(3):282–292. doi: 10.1046/j.1526-4610.2003.03055.x.Dodick D.W., Eross E.J., Parish J.M. Clinical, anatomical, and physiologic relationship between sleep and headache. Headache. 2003;43(3):282–292. doi: 10.1046/j.1526-4610.2003.03055.x.Holland P.R., Barloese M., Fahrenkrug J. PACAP in hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythm: importance for headache. J Headache Pain. 2018:19:20. doi: 10.1186/s10194-018-0844-4.Holland P.R., Barloese M., Fahrenkrug J. PACAP in hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythm: importance for headache. J Headache Pain. 2018:19:20. doi: 10.1186/s10194-018-0844-4.Tiseo C., Vacca A., Felbush A., Filimonova T., Gai A., Glasyrina T. et al. Migraine and sleep disorders: a systematic review. J Headache Pain. 2020;21:126. doi: 10.1186/s10194-020-01192-5.Tiseo C., Vacca A., Felbush A., Filimonova T., Gai A., Glasyrina T. et al. Migraine and sleep disorders: a systematic review. J Headache Pain. 2020;21:126. doi: 10.1186/s10194-020-01192-5.Lautenbacher S., Kundermann B., Krieg J.C. Sleep deprivation and pain perception. Sleep Med Rev. 2006;10(5):357–369. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2005.08.001.Lautenbacher S., Kundermann B., Krieg J.C. Sleep deprivation and pain perception. Sleep Med Rev. 2006;10(5):357–369. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2005.08.001.Tomim D.H., Pontarolla F.M., Bertolini J.F., Arase M., Tobaldini G., Lima M.M.S., Fischer L. The Pronociceptive Effect of Paradoxical Sleep Deprivation in Rats: Evidence for a Role of Descending Pain Modulation Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol. 2016;53:1706–1717. doi: 10.1007/s12035014-9059-0.Tomim D.H., Pontarolla F.M., Bertolini J.F., Arase M., Tobaldini G., Lima M.M.S., Fischer L. The Pronociceptive Effect of Paradoxical Sleep Deprivation in Rats: Evidence for a Role of Descending Pain Modulation Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol. 2016;53:1706–1717. doi: 10.1007/s12035014-9059-0.Schrimpf M., Liegl G., Boeckle M., Leitner A., Geisler P., Pieh C. The effect of sleep deprivation on pain perception in healthy subjects: a meta-analysis. Sleep Med. 2015;16(11):1313–1320. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.07.022.Schrimpf M., Liegl G., Boeckle M., Leitner A., Geisler P., Pieh C. The effect of sleep deprivation on pain perception in healthy subjects: a meta-analysis. Sleep Med. 2015;16(11):1313–1320. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.07.022.Panconesi A. Serotonin and migraine: A reconsideration of the central theory. J Headache Pain. 2008;9:267–276. doi: 10.1007/s10194-008-0058-2.Panconesi A. Serotonin and migraine: A reconsideration of the central theory. J Headache Pain. 2008;9:267–276. doi: 10.1007/s10194-008-0058-2.Foo H., Mason P. Brainstem modulation of pain during sleep and waking. Sleep Med Rev. 2003;7(2):145–154. doi: 10.1053/smrv.2002.0224.Foo H., Mason P. Brainstem modulation of pain during sleep and waking. Sleep Med Rev. 2003;7(2):145–154. doi: 10.1053/smrv.2002.0224.Vecchia D., Pietrobon D. Migraine: A disorder of brain excitatory-inhibitory balance? Trends Neurosci. 2012;35(8):507–520. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2012.04.007.Vecchia D., Pietrobon D. Migraine: A disorder of brain excitatory-inhibitory balance? Trends Neurosci. 2012;35(8):507–520. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2012.04.007.Murinova N., Krashin D.L., Lucas S. Vascular Risk in Migraineurs: Interaction of Endothelial and Cortical Excitability Factors. Headache. 2014;54(3):583–590. doi: 10.1111/head.12304.Murinova N., Krashin D.L., Lucas S. Vascular Risk in Migraineurs: Interaction of Endothelial and Cortical Excitability Factors. Headache. 2014;54(3):583–590. doi: 10.1111/head.12304.Alstadhaug K.B. Histamine in Migraine and Brain. Headache. 2014;54(2):246–259. doi: 10.1111/head.12293.Alstadhaug K.B. Histamine in Migraine and Brain. Headache. 2014;54(2):246–259. doi: 10.1111/head.12293.Worm J., Falkenberg K., Olesen J. Histamine and migraine revisited: Mechanisms and possible drug targets. J Headache Pain. 2019;20:30. doi: 10.1186/s10194-019-0984-1.Worm J., Falkenberg K., Olesen J. Histamine and migraine revisited: Mechanisms and possible drug targets. J Headache Pain. 2019;20:30. doi: 10.1186/s10194-019-0984-1.Schuh-Hofer S., Richter M., Geworski L., Villringer A., Israel H., Wenzel R. et al. Increased serotonin transporter availability in the brainstem of migraineurs. J Neurol. 2007;254:789. doi: 10.1007/s00415-006-0444-0.Schuh-Hofer S., Richter M., Geworski L., Villringer A., Israel H., Wenzel R. et al. Increased serotonin transporter availability in the brainstem of migraineurs. J Neurol. 2007;254:789. doi: 10.1007/s00415-006-0444-0.Drummond P.D. Tryptophan depletion increases nausea, headache and photophobia in migraine sufferers. Cephalalgia. 2006;26(10):1225–1233. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2006.01212.x.Drummond P.D. Tryptophan depletion increases nausea, headache and photophobia in migraine sufferers. Cephalalgia. 2006;26(10):1225–1233. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2006.01212.x.Supornsilpchai W., Sanguanrangsirikul S., Maneesri S., Srikiatkhachorn A. Serotonin depletion, cortical spreading depression, and trigeminal nociception. Headache. 2006;46(1):34–39. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2006.00310.x.Supornsilpchai W., Sanguanrangsirikul S., Maneesri S., Srikiatkhachorn A. Serotonin depletion, cortical spreading depression, and trigeminal nociception. Headache. 2006;46(1):34–39. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2006.00310.x.Akerman S., Goadsby P.J. Dopamine and migraine: Biology and clinical implications. Cephalalgia. 2007;27(11):1308–1314. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01478.x.Akerman S., Goadsby P.J. Dopamine and migraine: Biology and clinical implications. Cephalalgia. 2007;27(11):1308–1314. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01478.x.Stehlik R., Arvidsson L., Ulfberg J. Restless Legs Syndrome Is Common among Female Patients with Fibromyalgia. Eur Neurol. 2009;61:107–111. doi: 10.1159/000180313.Stehlik R., Arvidsson L., Ulfberg J. Restless Legs Syndrome Is Common among Female Patients with Fibromyalgia. Eur Neurol. 2009;61:107–111. doi: 10.1159/000180313.Holland P.R. Headache and sleep: Shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Cephalalgia. 2014;34(10):725–744. doi: 10.1177/0333102414541687.Holland P.R. Headache and sleep: Shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Cephalalgia. 2014;34(10):725–744. doi: 10.1177/0333102414541687.Holland P., Goadsby P.J. The hypothalamic orexinergic system: Pain and primary headaches. Headache. 2007;47(6):951–962. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2007.00842.x.Holland P., Goadsby P.J. The hypothalamic orexinergic system: Pain and primary headaches. Headache. 2007;47(6):951–962. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2007.00842.x.Robert C., Bourgeais L., Arreto C.D., Condes-Lara M., Noseda R., Jay T., Villanueva L. Paraventricular hypothalamic regulation of trigeminovascular mechanisms involved in headaches. J Neurosci. 2013;33(20):8827–8840. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0439-13.2013.Robert C., Bourgeais L., Arreto C.D., Condes-Lara M., Noseda R., Jay T., Villanueva L. Paraventricular hypothalamic regulation of trigeminovascular mechanisms involved in headaches. J Neurosci. 2013;33(20):8827–8840. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0439-13.2013.Ødegård S.S., Engstrøm M., Sand T., Stovner L.J., Zwart J.-A., Hagen K. Associations between sleep disturbance and primary headaches: the third Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. J Headache Pain. 2010;11:197–206. doi: 10.1007/s10194-010-0201-8.Ødegård S.S., Engstrøm M., Sand T., Stovner L.J., Zwart J.-A., Hagen K. Associations between sleep disturbance and primary headaches: the third Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. J Headache Pain. 2010;11:197–206. doi: 10.1007/s10194-010-0201-8.Zhu Z., Fan X., Li X., Tan G., Chen L., Zhou J. Prevalence and predictive factors for poor sleep quality among migraineurs in a tertiary hospital headache clinic. Acta Neurol Belg. 2013;113:229–235.Zhu Z., Fan X., Li X., Tan G., Chen L., Zhou J. Prevalence and predictive factors for poor sleep quality among migraineurs in a tertiary hospital headache clinic. Acta Neurol Belg. 2013;113:229–235.Karthik N., Sinha S., Taly A., Kulkarni G.B., Ramachandraiah C.T., Rao S. Alteration in polysomnographic profile in ’migraine without aura’compared to healthy controls. Sleep Med. 2013;14(2):211–214. Available at: https://sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389945712003978.Karthik N., Sinha S., Taly A., Kulkarni G.B., Ramachandraiah C.T., Rao S. Alteration in polysomnographic profile in ’migraine without aura’compared to healthy controls. Sleep Med. 2013;14(2):211–214. Available at: https://sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389945712003978.Lee S.H., Kang Y., Cho S.J. Subjective cognitive decline in patients with migraine and its relationship with depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. J Headache Pain. 2017;18:77. doi: 10.1186/s10194-017-0779-1.Lee S.H., Kang Y., Cho S.J. Subjective cognitive decline in patients with migraine and its relationship with depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. J Headache Pain. 2017;18:77. doi: 10.1186/s10194-017-0779-1.Song T.J., Cho S.J., Kim W.J., Yang K.I., Yun C.H., Chu M.K. Poor sleep quality in migraine and probable migraine: A population study. J Headache Pain. 2018;19:58. doi: 10.1186/s10194-018-0887-6.Song T.J., Cho S.J., Kim W.J., Yang K.I., Yun C.H., Chu M.K. Poor sleep quality in migraine and probable migraine: A population study. J Headache Pain. 2018;19:58. doi: 10.1186/s10194-018-0887-6.Sengul Y., Sengul H.S., Bakim B., Yucekaya S.K., Yucel S., Akgun M. Sleep disturbances and excessive daytime sleepiness in migraine: A comparison between comorbidities and disability. Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2015;13(1):76–84. doi: 10.1111/sbr.12087.Sengul Y., Sengul H.S., Bakim B., Yucekaya S.K., Yucel S., Akgun M. Sleep disturbances and excessive daytime sleepiness in migraine: A comparison between comorbidities and disability. Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2015;13(1):76–84. doi: 10.1111/sbr.12087.Cho S., Lee M.J., Park H.R., Kima A., Joo E.Y., Chung C.S. Effect of sleep quality on headache-related impact in primary headache disorders. J Clin Neurol. 2020;16(2):237–244. doi: 10.3988/jcn.2020.16.2.237.Cho S., Lee M.J., Park H.R., Kima A., Joo E.Y., Chung C.S. Effect of sleep quality on headache-related impact in primary headache disorders. J Clin Neurol. 2020;16(2):237–244. doi: 10.3988/jcn.2020.16.2.237.Song T.J., Yun C.H., Cho S.J., Kim W.J., Yang K.I., Chu M.K. Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality among migraineurs: A population-based study. Cephalalgia. 2018;38:855–864. doi: 10.1177/0333102417716936.Song T.J., Yun C.H., Cho S.J., Kim W.J., Yang K.I., Chu M.K. Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality among migraineurs: A population-based study. Cephalalgia. 2018;38:855–864. doi: 10.1177/0333102417716936.Lin Y.K., Lin G.Y., Lee J.T., Lee M.S., Tsai C.K., Hsu Y.W. et al. Associations between Sleep Quality and Migraine Frequency. Medicine. 2016;95(17):3554. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000003554.Lin Y.K., Lin G.Y., Lee J.T., Lee M.S., Tsai C.K., Hsu Y.W. et al. Associations between Sleep Quality and Migraine Frequency. Medicine. 2016;95(17):3554. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000003554.Buse D.C., Rains J.C., Pavlovic J.M., Fanning K.M., Reed M.L., Adams A.M., Lipton R.B. Sleep Disorders Among People With Migraine: Results From the Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study. Headache. 2019;59(1):32–45. doi: 10.1111/head.13435.Buse D.C., Rains J.C., Pavlovic J.M., Fanning K.M., Reed M.L., Adams A.M., Lipton R.B. Sleep Disorders Among People With Migraine: Results From the Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study. Headache. 2019;59(1):32–45. doi: 10.1111/head.13435.Duman T., Dede Ö., Saydaoglu G., Uludiz D. Sleep changes during prophylactic treatment of migraine. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2015;18(3):298–302. doi: 10.4103/0972-2327.160084.Duman T., Dede Ö., Saydaoglu G., Uludiz D. Sleep changes during prophylactic treatment of migraine. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2015;18(3):298–302. doi: 10.4103/0972-2327.160084.Evers S. Special issue on headache and sleep. Cephalalgia. 2014;34(10):723–724. doi: 10.1177/0333102414543504.Evers S. Special issue on headache and sleep. Cephalalgia. 2014;34(10):723–724. doi: 10.1177/0333102414543504.Peres M.F.P., Zukerman E., da Cunha Tanuri F., Moreira F.R., Cipolla-Neto J. Melatonin, 3 mg, is effective for migraine prevention. Neurology. 2004;63(4):757. doi: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000134653.35587.24.Peres M.F.P., Zukerman E., da Cunha Tanuri F., Moreira F.R., Cipolla-Neto J. Melatonin, 3 mg, is effective for migraine prevention. Neurology. 2004;63(4):757. doi: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000134653.35587.24.Gilman D.K., Palermo T.M., Kabbouche M.A., Hershey A.D., Powers S.W. Primary headache and sleep disturbances in adolescents. Headache. 2007;47(8):1189–1194. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2007.00885.x.Gilman D.K., Palermo T.M., Kabbouche M.A., Hershey A.D., Powers S.W. Primary headache and sleep disturbances in adolescents. Headache. 2007;47(8):1189–1194. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2007.00885.x.Miller V.A., Palermo T.M., Powers S.W., Scher M.S., Hershey A.D. Migraine headaches and sleep disturbances in children. Headache. 2003;43(4):362–368. doi: 10.1046/j.1526-4610.2003.03071.x.Miller V.A., Palermo T.M., Powers S.W., Scher M.S., Hershey A.D. Migraine headaches and sleep disturbances in children. Headache. 2003;43(4):362–368. doi: 10.1046/j.1526-4610.2003.03071.x.Kim J., Cho S.J., Kim W.J., Yang K.I., Yun C.H., Chu M.K. Excessive daytime sleepiness is associated with an exacerbation of migraine: A population-based study. J Headache Pain. 2016;17(1):62. doi: 10.1186/s10194-016-0655-4.Kim J., Cho S.J., Kim W.J., Yang K.I., Yun C.H., Chu M.K. Excessive daytime sleepiness is associated with an exacerbation of migraine: A population-based study. J Headache Pain. 2016;17(1):62. doi: 10.1186/s10194-016-0655-4.Suzuki K., Miyamoto M., Miyamoto T., Inoue Y., Matsui K., Nishida S. et al. The Prevalence and Characteristics of Primary Headache and DreamEnacting Behaviour in Japanese Patients with Narcolepsy or Idiopathic Hypersomnia: A Multi-Centre Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0139229. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139229.Suzuki K., Miyamoto M., Miyamoto T., Inoue Y., Matsui K., Nishida S. et al. The Prevalence and Characteristics of Primary Headache and DreamEnacting Behaviour in Japanese Patients with Narcolepsy or Idiopathic Hypersomnia: A Multi-Centre Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0139229. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139229.Scher A.I., Lipton R.B., Stewart W.F. Habitual snoring as a risk factor for chronic daily headache. Neurology. 2003;60(8):1366–1368. doi: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000055873.71552.51.Scher A.I., Lipton R.B., Stewart W.F. Habitual snoring as a risk factor for chronic daily headache. Neurology. 2003;60(8):1366–1368. doi: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000055873.71552.51.Manfredini D., Winocur E., Guarda-Nardini L., Paesani D., Lobbezoo F. Epidemiology of Bruxism in Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature. J Orofac Pain. 2013;27(2):99–110. doi: 10.11607/jop.921.Manfredini D., Winocur E., Guarda-Nardini L., Paesani D., Lobbezoo F. Epidemiology of Bruxism in Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature. J Orofac Pain. 2013;27(2):99–110. doi: 10.11607/jop.921.Suzuki K., Miyamoto T., Miyamoto M., Suzuki S., Watanabe Y., Takashima R., Hirata K. Dream-enacting behaviour is associated with impaired sleep and severe headache-related disability in migraine patients. Cephalalgia. 2013;33(10):868–878. doi: 10.1177/0333102413477742.Suzuki K., Miyamoto T., Miyamoto M., Suzuki S., Watanabe Y., Takashima R., Hirata K. Dream-enacting behaviour is associated with impaired sleep and severe headache-related disability in migraine patients. Cephalalgia. 2013;33(10):868–878. doi: 10.1177/0333102413477742.Young T., Palta M., Dempsey J., Skatrud J., Weber S., Badr S. The Occurrence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing among Middle-Aged Adults. N Engl J Med. 1993;328(17):1230–1235. doi: 10.1056/nejm199304293281704.Young T., Palta M., Dempsey J., Skatrud J., Weber S., Badr S. The Occurrence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing among Middle-Aged Adults. N Engl J Med. 1993;328(17):1230–1235. doi: 10.1056/nejm199304293281704.Durán J., Esnaola S., Rubio R., Iztueta A. Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea and related clinical features in a population-based sample of subjects aged 30 to 70 yr. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163(3):685–689. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.163.3.2005065.Durán J., Esnaola S., Rubio R., Iztueta A. Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea and related clinical features in a population-based sample of subjects aged 30 to 70 yr. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163(3):685–689. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.163.3.2005065.Loh N.K., Dinner D.S., Foldvary N., Skobieranda F., Yew WW. Do patients with obstructive sleep apnea wake up with headaches? Arch Intern Med. 1999;159(15):1765–1768. doi: 10.1001/archinte.159.15.1765.Loh N.K., Dinner D.S., Foldvary N., Skobieranda F., Yew WW. Do patients with obstructive sleep apnea wake up with headaches? Arch Intern Med. 1999;159(15):1765–1768. doi: 10.1001/archinte.159.15.1765.Jensen R., Olsborg C., Salvesen R., Torbergsen T., Bekkelund S.I. Is obstructive sleep apnea syndrome associated with headache? Acta Neurol Scand. 2004;109(3):180–184. doi: 10.1046/j.1600-0404.2003.00201.x.Jensen R., Olsborg C., Salvesen R., Torbergsen T., Bekkelund S.I. Is obstructive sleep apnea syndrome associated with headache? Acta Neurol Scand. 2004;109(3):180–184. doi: 10.1046/j.1600-0404.2003.00201.x.Kristiansen H.A., Kværner K.J., Akre H., Overland B., Russell M.B. Migraine and sleep apnea in the general population. J Headache Pain. 2011;12(1):55–61. doi: 10.1007/s10194-010-0268-2.Kristiansen H.A., Kværner K.J., Akre H., Overland B., Russell M.B. Migraine and sleep apnea in the general population. J Headache Pain. 2011;12(1):55–61. doi: 10.1007/s10194-010-0268-2.Rasmussen B.K. Migraine and tension-type headache in a general population: precipitating factors, female hormones, sleep pattern and relation to lifestyle. Pain. 1993;53(1):65–72. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(93)90057-V.Rasmussen B.K. Migraine and tension-type headache in a general population: precipitating factors, female hormones, sleep pattern and relation to lifestyle. Pain. 1993;53(1):65–72. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(93)90057-V.Bruni O., Russo P.M., Violani C., Guidetti V. Sleep and migraine: An actigraphic study. Cephalalgia. 2004;24(2):134–139. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2004.00657.x.Bruni O., Russo P.M., Violani C., Guidetti V. Sleep and migraine: An actigraphic study. Cephalalgia. 2004;24(2):134–139. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2004.00657.x.Kallweit U., Hidalgo H., Uhl V., Guidetti V. Continuous positive airway pressure therapy is effective for migraines in sleep apnea syndrome. Neurology. 2011;76:1189–1191. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318212aad0.Kallweit U., Hidalgo H., Uhl V., Guidetti V. Continuous positive airway pressure therapy is effective for migraines in sleep apnea syndrome. Neurology. 2011;76:1189–1191. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318212aad0.Kim J., Cho S.J., Kim W.J., Yang K.I., Yun C.H., Chu M.K. Impact of migraine on the clinical presentation of insomnia: A population-based study. J Headache Pain. 2019;19(1):86. doi: 10.1186/s10194-018-0916-5.Kim J., Cho S.J., Kim W.J., Yang K.I., Yun C.H., Chu M.K. Impact of migraine on the clinical presentation of insomnia: A population-based study. J Headache Pain. 2019;19(1):86. doi: 10.1186/s10194-018-0916-5.Yeung W.F., Chung K.F., Wong C.Y. Relationship between insomnia and headache in community-based middle-aged Hong Kong Chinese women. J Headache Pain. 2010;11(3):187–195. doi: 10.1007/s10194-010-0199-y.Yeung W.F., Chung K.F., Wong C.Y. Relationship between insomnia and headache in community-based middle-aged Hong Kong Chinese women. J Headache Pain. 2010;11(3):187–195. doi: 10.1007/s10194-010-0199-y.Sateia M.J., Buysse D.J., Krystal A.D., Neubauer D.N., Heald J.L. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Pharmacologic Treatment of Chronic Insomnia in Adults: An American academy of sleep medicine clinical practice guideline. J Clin Sleep Med. 2017;13(2):307–349. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.6470.Sateia M.J., Buysse D.J., Krystal A.D., Neubauer D.N., Heald J.L. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Pharmacologic Treatment of Chronic Insomnia in Adults: An American academy of sleep medicine clinical practice guideline. J Clin Sleep Med. 2017;13(2):307–349. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.6470.Jacobs G.D., Pace-Schott E.F., Stickgold R., Otto M.W. Cognitive behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy for insomnia: A randomized controlled trial and direct comparison. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164(17):1888–1896. doi: 10.1001/archinte.164.17.1888.Jacobs G.D., Pace-Schott E.F., Stickgold R., Otto M.W. Cognitive behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy for insomnia: A randomized controlled trial and direct comparison. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164(17):1888–1896. doi: 10.1001/archinte.164.17.1888.Morin C.M., Vallières A., Guay B., Ivers H., Savard J., Mérette C. et al. Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009;301(19):2005–2015. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.682.Morin C.M., Vallières A., Guay B., Ivers H., Savard J., Mérette C. et al. Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009;301(19):2005–2015. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.682.Arnedt J.T., Cuddihy L., Swanson L.M., Pickett S., Aikens J., Chervin R.D. Randomized controlled trial of telephone-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic insomnia. Sleep. 2013;36(3):353–362. doi: 10.5665/sleep.2448.Arnedt J.T., Cuddihy L., Swanson L.M., Pickett S., Aikens J., Chervin R.D. Randomized controlled trial of telephone-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic insomnia. Sleep. 2013;36(3):353–362. doi: 10.5665/sleep.2448.Vincent N., Lewycky S. Logging on for better sleep: RCT of the effectiveness of online treatment for insomnia. Sleep. 2009;32(6):807–815. doi: 10.1093/sleep/32.6.807.Vincent N., Lewycky S. Logging on for better sleep: RCT of the effectiveness of online treatment for insomnia. Sleep. 2009;32(6):807–815. doi: 10.1093/sleep/32.6.807.Holmqvist M., Vincent N., Walsh K. Web- vs. telehealth-based delivery of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: A randomized controlled trial. Sleep Med. 2014;15(2):187–195. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.10.013.Holmqvist M., Vincent N., Walsh K. Web- vs. telehealth-based delivery of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: A randomized controlled trial. Sleep Med. 2014;15(2):187–195. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.10.013.Espie C.A., Emsley R., Kyle S.D., Gordon C., Drake C.L., Siriwardena A.N. et al. Effect of Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia on Health, Psychological Well-being, and Sleep-Related Quality of Life: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2019;76(1):21–30. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.2745.Espie C.A., Emsley R., Kyle S.D., Gordon C., Drake C.L., Siriwardena A.N. et al. Effect of Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia on Health, Psychological Well-being, and Sleep-Related Quality of Life: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2019;76(1):21–30. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.2745.Smitherman T.A., Walters A.B., Davis R.E., Ambrose C.E., Roland M., Houle T.T., Rains J.C. Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial of Behavioral Insomnia Treatment for Chronic Migraine with Comorbid Insomnia. Headache. 2016;56(2):276–291. doi: 10.1111/head.12760.Smitherman T.A., Walters A.B., Davis R.E., Ambrose C.E., Roland M., Houle T.T., Rains J.C. Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial of Behavioral Insomnia Treatment for Chronic Migraine with Comorbid Insomnia. Headache. 2016;56(2):276–291. doi: 10.1111/head.12760.Calhoun A.H., Ford S. Behavioral sleep modification may revert transformed migraine to episodic migraine. Headache. 2007;47(8):1178–1183. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2007.00780.x.Calhoun A.H., Ford S. Behavioral sleep modification may revert transformed migraine to episodic migraine. Headache. 2007;47(8):1178–1183. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2007.00780.x.Sastre y Hernández M.S., Hentschel H.D., Fichte K. Comparative Efficacy of Lormetazepam (Noctamid®) and Diazepam (Valium®) in 100 Out-Patients with Insomnia. J Int Med Res. 1981;9(3):199–202. doi: 10.1177/030006058100900309.Sastre y Hernández M.S., Hentschel H.D., Fichte K. Comparative Efficacy of Lormetazepam (Noctamid®) and Diazepam (Valium®) in 100 Out-Patients with Insomnia. J Int Med Res. 1981;9(3):199–202. doi: 10.1177/030006058100900309.Macphail I., Ogilvie W.A., Purvis C.R. Comparison of Diazepam and Flurazepam in the Treatment of Insomnia in General Practice. J Int Med Res. 1979;7(5):401–403. doi: 10.1177/030006057900700512.Macphail I., Ogilvie W.A., Purvis C.R. Comparison of Diazepam and Flurazepam in the Treatment of Insomnia in General Practice. J Int Med Res. 1979;7(5):401–403. doi: 10.1177/030006057900700512.Walsh J.K., Thomas R. Pharmacologic Treatment of Insomnia: Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists. In: Kryger M., Roth T., Dement W. Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine. 6 th ed. Elsevier; 2016, pp. 832–841. Available at: https://elsevier.com/books/principles-and-practice-ofsleep-medicine/kryger/978-0-323-24288-2.Walsh J.K., Thomas R. Pharmacologic Treatment of Insomnia: Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists. In: Kryger M., Roth T., Dement W. Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine. 6 th ed. Elsevier; 2016, pp. 832–841. Available at: https://elsevier.com/books/principles-and-practice-ofsleep-medicine/kryger/978-0-323-24288-2.Riemann D., Baglioni C., Bassetti C., Bjorvatn B., Dolenc Groselj L., Ellis J.G. et al. European guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia. J Sleep Res. 2017;26(6):675–700. doi: 10.1111/jsr.12594.Riemann D., Baglioni C., Bassetti C., Bjorvatn B., Dolenc Groselj L., Ellis J.G. et al. European guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia. J Sleep Res. 2017;26(6):675–700. doi: 10.1111/jsr.12594.Mieda M., Tsujino N., Sakurai T. Differential roles of orexin receptors in the regulation of sleep/wakefulness. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2013;4:57. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2013.00057.Mieda M., Tsujino N., Sakurai T. Differential roles of orexin receptors in the regulation of sleep/wakefulness. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2013;4:57. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2013.00057.Everitt H., Baldwin D.S., Stuart B., Lipinska G., Mayers A., Malizia A.L. et al. Antidepressants for insomnia in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;5(5):CD010753. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010753.pub2.Everitt H., Baldwin D.S., Stuart B., Lipinska G., Mayers A., Malizia A.L. et al. Antidepressants for insomnia in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;5(5):CD010753. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010753.pub2.Krystal A.D., Richelson E., Roth T. Review of the histamine system and the clinical effects of H1 antagonists: basis for a new model for understanding the effects of insomnia medications. Sleep Med Rev. 2013;17(4):263–272. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2012.08.001.Krystal A.D., Richelson E., Roth T. Review of the histamine system and the clinical effects of H1 antagonists: basis for a new model for understanding the effects of insomnia medications. Sleep Med Rev. 2013;17(4):263–272. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2012.08.001.Vande Griend J.P., Anderson S.L. Histamine-1 receptor antagonism for treatment of insomnia. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2012;52(6):e210–e219. doi: 10.1331/JAPhA.2012.12051.Vande Griend J.P., Anderson S.L. Histamine-1 receptor antagonism for treatment of insomnia. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2012;52(6):e210–e219. doi: 10.1331/JAPhA.2012.12051.Erman M.K., Erwin C.W., Gengo F.M., Jamieson A.O., Lemmi H., Mahowald M.W. et al. Comparative efficacy of zolpidem and temazepam in transient insomnia. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2001;16(2):169–176. doi: 10.1002/hup.238.Erman M.K., Erwin C.W., Gengo F.M., Jamieson A.O., Lemmi H., Mahowald M.W. et al. Comparative efficacy of zolpidem and temazepam in transient insomnia. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2001;16(2):169–176. doi: 10.1002/hup.238.Smith G.M., Smith P.H. Effects of doxylamine and acetaminophen on postoperative sleep. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1985;37(5):549–557. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1985.87.Smith G.M., Smith P.H. Effects of doxylamine and acetaminophen on postoperative sleep. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1985;37(5):549–557. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1985.87.Liu J., Clough S.J., Hutchinson A.J., Adamah-Biassi E.B., Popovska-Gorevski M., Dubocovich M.L. MT1 and MT2 Melatonin Receptors: A Therapeutic Perspective. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2016;56:361–383. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010814-124742.Liu J., Clough S.J., Hutchinson A.J., Adamah-Biassi E.B., Popovska-Gorevski M., Dubocovich M.L. MT1 and MT2 Melatonin Receptors: A Therapeutic Perspective. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2016;56:361–383. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010814-124742.Krystal A.D., Goforth H.W., Roth T. Effects of antipsychotic medications on sleep in schizophrenia. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008;23(3):150–160. doi: 10.1097/YIC.0b013e3282f39703.Krystal A.D., Goforth H.W., Roth T. Effects of antipsychotic medications on sleep in schizophrenia. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2008;23(3):150–160. doi: 10.1097/YIC.0b013e3282f39703.Freitag F., Diamond S., Lyss H., Diamond M., Urban G., Pepper B. MIDAS as a healthcare utilization tool in the challenging patient. Cephalalgia. 2000;20:365.Freitag F., Diamond S., Lyss H., Diamond M., Urban G., Pepper B. MIDAS as a healthcare utilization tool in the challenging patient. Cephalalgia. 2000;20:365.Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3 rd ed. Cephalalgia. 2018;38(1):1–211. doi: 10.1177/0333102417738202.Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3 rd ed. Cephalalgia. 2018;38(1):1–211. doi: 10.1177/0333102417738202.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.