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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-1-149-156</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6041</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГАСТРОЭНТЕРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GASTROENTEROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные подходы к профилактике и  регидратационной терапии антибиотик-ассоциированной  диареи у детей на фоне ОРИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern approaches to the prevention and rehydration  therapy of antibiotic-associated diarrhea affected  by ARI in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3204-1846</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каннер</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanner</surname><given-names>Ekaterina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каннер Екатерина Валерьевна, к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник клинического отдела инфекционной патологии</p><p>111123,  Москва, ул. Ново  гиреевская, д. 3а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina V. Kanner,Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher of the Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology</p><p>3a, Novogireevskaya St., Moscow, 11112</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekanner@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-0171</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горелов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorelov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горелов Александр Васильевич, чл.-корр. РАН, д.м.н., профессор, заместитель директора по научной работе,  профессор кафедры детских болезней</p><p>111123,  Москва, ул. Ново  гиреевская, д. 3а 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr V. Gorelov, Corresponding Member of RAS, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Deputy Director for Science,  Professor of the Department of Children’s Diseases</p><p>3a, Novogireevskaya St., Moscow, 111123</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">crie@pcr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3260-5672</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>Maksim L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Максимов Максим Леонидович, д.м.н., главный внештатный специалист  –  клинический фармаколог Министерства здравоохранения Республики Татарстан, заведующий кафедрой клинической фармакологии и фармакотерапии, профессор кафедры фармакологии педиатрического факультета,</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 36117997,  Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim L. Maksimov, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Chief Freelance Specialist Clinical Pharmacologist of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Paediatric  Faculty</p><p>36, Butlerov St., Kazan, 420012</p><p> 1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maksim_maksimov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8979-8084</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каннер</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanner</surname><given-names>Ilya D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каннер Илья Дмитриевич, студент 3-го курса</p><p> 119991,  Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya D. Kanner, a third-year Student</p><p> 1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dwilya4@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6078-9240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапкин</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapkin</surname><given-names>Nikita M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лапкин Никита Михайлович, студент 5-го курса</p><p>150000,  Ярославль, ул. Революционная, д. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Nikita M. Lapkin, a fifth-year student</p><p>5, Revolutsionnaya St., Yaroslavl, 150000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии; Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанская государственная медицинская академия; &#13;
Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им.  Н.И.  Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical Academy; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ярославский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yaroslavl State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>149</fpage><lpage>156</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каннер Е.В., Горелов А.В., Максимов М.Л., Каннер И.Д., Лапкин Н.М., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каннер Е.В., Горелов А.В., Максимов М.Л., Каннер И.Д., Лапкин Н.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kanner E.V., Gorelov A.V., Maksimov M.L., Kanner I.D., Lapkin N.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6041">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6041</self-uri><abstract><p>Применение АБП существенно снизило количество тяжелых бактериальных инфекционных заболеваний и летальность у детей, особенно первого года жизни. Но широкое и неоправданное применение АБП, в т. ч. антибиотиков резерва (использование карбапенемов выросло на 45%, полимиксинов – на 13%), при неосложненных острых респираторных инфекциях чревато серьезными последствиями, такими как рост антибиотикорезистентности возбудителей. Одним из частых осложнений антибиотикотерапии может быть развитие антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи. По данным различных авторов, частота раз-вития антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи составляет 6–80% среди пациентов, получавших антибиотики, в среднем 35% (примерно каждый третий пациент) на фоне приема антибиотиков отмечают симптомы антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи. Нарушения качественного и количественного состава микрофлоры кишечника сопровождаются снижением защитных функций слизистой оболочки кишечника и способствуют росту патогенных и условно-патогенных микроорганизмов (Clostridium spp., Candida spp., Salmonella spp., Staphyloccus aureus). Данные большинства исследований, полученные на большой выборке детского населения, а также клинические рекомендации Всемирной ассоциации гастроэнтерологов для профилактики антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи у детей рекомендуют применять пробиотический штамм L. rhamnosus GG – степень доказательности 1. L. rhamnosus GGобладают хромосомной устойчивостью к ряду антибиотиков, которая варьируется в зависимости от вида и штамма. Плазмидной ДНК, опасной для распространения антибиотикоустойчивости среди других бактерий, они не содержат, что делает возможным их широкое лечебно-профилактическое использование. Приведены клинические примеры течения антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи у детей, демонстрирующие вариабельность клинической картины. Лихорадка при ОРИ у детей, особенно раннего возраста, основной опасностью которой является дегидратация вследствие значительных потерь воды при дыхании, и особенно возросшего потоотделения (в т. ч. при приеме жаропонижающих средств), требует особого внимания со стороны родителей и врачей. Таким образом, пероральная регидратация является важным методом лечения инфекционных заболеваний у детей. Осложнения, возникающие у пациентов, особенно детского возраста, после приема антибиотиков, заболевания, которые могут приводить к нарушениям водно-электролитного баланса, являются жизнеугрожающими состояниями, требуют немедленной помощи. Коррекция водно-электролитного баланса, своевременное восстановление микрофлоры кишечника улучшают прогноз у таких пациентов, способствуют скорейшему выздоровлению.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The use of antibiotic drugs (ABDs) has significantly reduced the number of severe bacterial infectious diseases and mortality in children, especially in infants. But the widespread and unnecessary use of ABDs, including reserve antibiotics (the use of carbapenems increased by 45%, polymyxins  – by 13%), to treat uncomplicated acute respiratory infections is open to many hazards, such as increased antibiotic resistance of pathogens. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea is one of the common complications of antibiotic therapy. According to various authors, the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea is 6–80% among patients treated with antibiotics, on average 35% of patients (approximately every third patient) receiving antibiotics report symptoms of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Disruptive changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the intestinal microbiota are accompanied by a decrease in the protective functions of the intestinal mucosa and contribute to the growth of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms (Clostridium spp., Candida spp., Salmonella spp., Staphyloccus aureus). The findings of most studies obtained on a large sample of paediatric population, as well as the clinical guidelines of the World Association of Gastroenterologists recommend the use of L. rhamnosus GGprobiotic strain (level of evidence 1) to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children. L. rhamnosus GGpresents chromosomal resistance to a range of antibiotics, which varies with species and strain. They do not contain plasmid DNA, which is dangerous for the spread of antibiotic resistance among other bacteria, which enables their wide therapeutic and prophylactic use. Clinical case studies of the course of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children are presented to demonstrate the variability of clinical symptoms. Fever in children with ARI, particularly in tender-age infants, requires special attention from parents and doctors, as its main risk lies with a dehydration due to significant water loss during breathing, and especially increased sweating (including sweating induced by antipyretics). Therefore, oral rehydration therapy is an important method for treating infectious diseases in children. Complications that develop in patients, especially in children, after administration of antibiotics, diseases that can lead to water and electrolyte imbalance are life-threatening conditions that require immediate medical attention. Correction of water and electrolyte balance, timely restoration of intestinal microflora improve prognosis in such patients and promote faster recovery.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антибактериальные препараты</kwd><kwd>антибиотики</kwd><kwd>антибиотик-ассоциированная диарея</kwd><kwd>дегидратация</kwd><kwd>Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibacterials</kwd><kwd>antibiotics</kwd><kwd>antibiotic-associated diarrhea</kwd><kwd>dehydration</kwd><kwd>Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Романова О.Н., Довнар-Запольская О.Н., Преображенская О.А., Матуш Л.И., Сергей Ж.С., Манкевич Р.Н. и др. Антибиотико ассоци ированная диарея у детей, обусловленная Clostridium difficilt-инфекцией: клинические особенности, диагностика и лечение. 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