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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-3-67-74</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6075</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРЕГРАВИДАРНАЯ ПОДГОТОВКА И БЕРЕМЕННОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREGRAVID PREPARATION AND PREGNANCY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нутритивная поддержка при беременности: возможности профилактики акушерских осложнений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nutritional support in pregnancy: possibilities for the prevention of obstetric complications</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7569-8704</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайлова Ольга Игоревна - кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник института акушерства.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga I. Mikhailova - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Researcher, Institute of Obstetrics.</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">omikhaylova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2391-3334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзабекова</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzabekova</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мирзабекова Джамиля Джарулаевна - клинический ординатор.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dzhamilia D. Mirzabekova - Clinical Resident.</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Jamilya1705@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5087-5946</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кан</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kan</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кан Наталья Енкыновна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заместитель директора по научной работе; Scopus Author ID: 57008835600; Researcher ID: B-2370-2015; Authors ID: 624900; SPIN-код: 5378-8437.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia E. Kan - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Deputy Director of Science, Scopus Author ID: 57008835600; Researcher ID: B-2370-2015; Authors ID: 624900.</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kan-med@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5830-5099</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тютюнник</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyutyunnik</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тютюнник Виктор Леонидович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник центра научных и клинических исследований департамента организации научной деятельности, НМИЦАГП имени академика В.И. Кулакова;  главный врач, Перинатальный центр Европейского медицинского центра, Scopus Author ID: 56190621500; Researcher ID: B-2364; Authors ID: 213217; SPIN-код: 1963-1359.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4; 125040, Москва, ул. Правды, д. 15, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victor L. Tyutyunnik - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Leading Researcher of Research and Development Service, Kulakov NMRCOGP; Head Doctor, PCEMC, Scopus Author ID: 56190621500; Researcher ID: B-2364-2015, Authors ID: 213217</p><p>4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997; 15, Bldg. 1, Pravda St., Moscow, 125040</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tioutiounnik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. академика В.И Кулакова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. академика В.И Кулакова; Перинатальный центр Европейского медицинского центра</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology; Perinatal Center European Medical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Михайлова О.И., Мирзабекова Д.Д., Кан Н.Е., Тютюнник В.Л., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Михайлова О.И., Мирзабекова Д.Д., Кан Н.Е., Тютюнник В.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhailova O.I., Mirzabekova D.D., Kan N.E., Tyutyunnik V.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6075">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6075</self-uri><abstract><p>Обзор посвящен причинам и последствиям нутритивного дефицита в рационе беременной, а также возможностям его восполнения. Доказано, что недостаточное потребление витаминов и минералов во время беременности сопровождается нехваткой поступления питательных веществ к плоду, что может стать причиной задержки его роста, рождения ребенка с низкой массой и других акушерских и перинатальных осложнений.</p><p>Согласно проанализированным руководствам и рекомендациям, при беременности потребность организма в витаминах и минеральных веществах возрастает минимум в 2 раза. Увеличивают эту потребность неблагоприятные экологические воздействия, ряд заболеваний желудочно-кишечного тракта и печени, длительно протекающие заболевания, антибактериальная терапия и т. д.</p><p>При этом достаточная нутритивная поддержка плода - результат нескольких этапов. К ним относят кратность материнского приема пищи, наличие питательных веществ в продуктах и способность плаценты эффективно транспортировать субстраты для плода. Наиболее рекомендуемым для потребления витамином при беременности является фолиевая кислота, отдельно или в сочетании с другими витаминами группы В, поскольку ее дефицит приводит к врожденным дефектам у ребенка.</p><p>Авторы представленного обзора проанализировали ряд крупных исследований, проведенных в течение последнего десятилетия, в результате которых беременным был рекомендован прием железа и фолиевой кислоты вне зависимости от типа питания, поскольку они обладают доказанными положительными эффектами на течение и исход беременности.</p><p>Фолиевую кислоту, согласно существующим рекомендациям, обязательно назначать каждой беременной женщине в форме таблеток по 400 мкг ежедневно вне зависимости от ее рациона. Другими наиболее важными и необходимыми беременной женщине витаминами являются: витамины А, С, Д, Е, К, В1, В2, В6, В12 РР, пантотеновая кислота, биотин.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This review focuses on the causes and consequences of nutritional deficiencies in the pregnant woman’s diet, as well as on the possibilities of its supplementation. It has been shown that inadequate intake of vitamins and minerals during pregnancy is accompanied by a lack of nutrient supply to the fetus, which can cause growth retardation, low birth weight and other obstetric and perinatal complications.</p><p>According to the analysed guidelines and recommendations, the body’s need for vitamins and minerals increases at least twice as much during pregnancy. Adverse effects of the environment, a number of gastrointestinal and liver diseases, chronic diseases, antibiotic therapy, etc. increase this need.</p><p>However, adequate nutritional support of the fetus is the result of several steps. These include the frequency of maternal food intake, the availability of nutrients in the food and the ability of the placenta to transport substrates effectively to the fetus.</p><p>The most recommended vitamin for consumption in pregnancy is folic acid, alone or in combination with other B vitamins, as its deficiency leads to birth defects in the child.</p><p>The authors of this review have reviewed a number of large studies conducted over the past decade that recommend iron and folic acid for pregnant women, regardless of dietary intake, as they have proven beneficial effects on the course and outcome of pregnancy. Folic acid, according to current recommendations, must be prescribed to every pregnant woman in the form of 400 mcg tablets daily regardless of her diet. Other most important and necessary vitamins for pregnant women are: vitamins A, C, D, E, K, B1, B2, B6, B12, PP, pantothenic acid, biotin.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фолиевая кислота</kwd><kwd>метафолин</kwd><kwd>нутрицевтики</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>микроэлименты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>folic acid</kwd><kwd>metafolin</kwd><kwd>nutraceuticals</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>micronutrients</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бекетова Н.А., Коденцова В.М., Абрамова Т.В., Сокольников А.А., Гмошинская М.В., Кошелева О.В. и др. Витаминный статус беременных женщин, проживающих в московском регионе: влияние приема витаминно-минеральных комплексов. 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