<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-3-82-88</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6077</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРЕГРАВИДАРНАЯ ПОДГОТОВКА И БЕРЕМЕННОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREGRAVID PREPARATION AND PREGNANCY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности течения пуэрперия при преждевременных родах с длительным безводным промежутком</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the course of puerperium in preterm birth with a long anhydrous interval</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5864-3397</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хворостухина</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khvorostukhina</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хворостухина Наталия Федоровна - доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии педиатрического факультета.</p><p>410012, Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, д. 112</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya F. Khvorostukhina, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Pediatric Faculty.</p><p>112, Bolshaya Kazachya St., Saratov, 410012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Khvorostukhina-NF@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6045-5355</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Степанова Наталья Николаевна - ассистент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии педиатрического факультета.</p><p>410012, Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, д. 112</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya N. Stepanova, Assistant Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Pediatric Faculty.</p><p>112, Bolshaya Kazachya St., Saratov, 410012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-835X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новичков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novichkov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новичков Денис Анатольевич - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии педиатрического факультета.</p><p>410012, Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, д. 112</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis A. Novichkov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Pediatric Faculty.</p><p>112, Bolshaya Kazachya St., Saratov, 410012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Силкина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Silkina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Силкина Анна Александровна - ординатор 1-го года кафедры акушерства и гинекологии педиатрического факультета.</p><p>410012, Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, д. 112</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna А. Silkina, Resident Physician, Chair of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Pediatric Faculty.</p><p>112, Bolshaya Kazachya St., Saratov, 410012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ann_silkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. Разумовского<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хворостухина Н.Ф., Степанова Н.Н., Новичков Д.А., Силкина А.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хворостухина Н.Ф., Степанова Н.Н., Новичков Д.А., Силкина А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khvorostukhina N.F., Stepanova N.N., Novichkov D.A., Silkina A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6077">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6077</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Преждевременные роды (ПР), осложненные преждевременным разрывом плодных оболочек (ПРПО), продолжают оставаться в центре внимания акушеров-гинекологов и неонатологов в связи с высокими показателями перинатальной заболеваемости и смертности.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: выявить особенности течения пуэрперия при преждевременных родах с длительным безводным промежутком.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено одномоментное когортное сравнительное исследование течения и исходов ПР, осложненными ПРПО и безводным промежутком более 12 ч (1-я группа: n = 153), и спонтанных ПР при безводном промежутке менее 12 ч (2-я группа: n = 408). Подробно изучены анамнестические данные, особенности течения беременности, родов, послеродового периода, осложнения пуэрперия и заболеваемость новорожденных.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Беременность в 1-й группе значительно чаще протекала на фоне острых респираторных заболеваний (ОРВИ - в 2 раза), кольпита (в 2,6 раза), чаще осложнялась угрожающим прерыванием (в 1,3 раза), развитием истмико-цервикальной недостаточности (в 1,3 раза) и хориоамнионита (в 5,7 раза). Установлено, что в группе пациенток с длительным безводным промежутком статистически значимо в послеродовом периоде повышался риск развития гипертермии (в 2 раза - до 49,7%), субинволюции матки (в 1,5 раза - до 25,5%), позднего гипотонического кровотечения (в 13 раз - до 6,5%), эндометрита (в 4 раза - до 3,9%), увеличивая вероятность генерализации инфекции и гистерэктомии до 1,3%.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты проведенного исследования еще раз подтвердили негативное влияние длительного безводного промежутка на заболеваемость новорожденных при ПР. Кроме того, получены данные о повышении риска реализации гнойносептической инфекции в пуэрперальном периоде после ПР, осложненных ПРПО и длительным безводным промежутком. Все вышеизложенное свидетельствует о необходимости проведения дальнейших исследований в этой области для разработки комплекса диагностических и лечебных мероприятий по прогнозированию и предупреждению осложнений пуэрперия при пролонгировании беременности, осложненной ПРПО.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Preterm birth (PR), complicated by premature rupture of the fetal membranes (PRPO), continues to be the focus of attention of obstetricians-gynecologists and neonatologists, due to high rates of perinatal morbidity and mortality.</p></sec><sec><title>The purpose of the study</title><p>The purpose of the study: to identify the features of the course of puerperium in preterm birth with a long anhydrous interval.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A single-stage cohort comparative study of the course and outcomes of PR complicated by PRPO and an anhydrous interval of more than 12 hours (group 1: n = 153) and spontaneous PR with an anhydrous interval of less than 12 hours (group 2: n = 408) has been conducted. Anamnestic data, peculiarities of pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum period, complications of puerperium and morbidity of newborns have been studied in detail.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Pregnancy in group 1 was significantly more likely to occur against the background of acute respiratory diseases (ARVI - 2 times), colpitis (2.6 times), more often complicated by threatening termination (1.3 times), the development of isthmic-cervical insufficiency (1.3 times) and chorioamnionitis (5.7 times). It has been found that in the group of patients with a long anhydrous interval, the risk of hyperthermia (2 times - up to 49.7%), subinvolution of the uterus (1.5 times - up to 25.5%), late hypotonic bleeding (13 times - up to 6.5%), endometritis (4 times - up to 3.9%) increased significantly in the postpartum period, increasing the probability of generalization of infection and hysterectomy to 1.3%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results of the study once again have confirmed the negative impact of a long anhydrous interval on the incidence of newborns with PR. In addition, data have been obtained on an increased risk of purulent-septic infection in the puerperal period after PR, complicated by PRPO and a long anhydrous interval. All of the above indicates the need for further research in this area to develop a set of diagnostic and therapeutic measures to predict and prevent complications of puerperium during prolonged pregnancy complicated by PRPO.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>преждевременные роды</kwd><kwd>преждевременный разрыв плодных оболочек</kwd><kwd>длительный безводный промежуток</kwd><kwd>гнойно-септические заболевания</kwd><kwd>осложнения пуэрперия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>premature birth</kwd><kwd>premature rupture of fetal membranes</kwd><kwd>prolonged anhydrous interval</kwd><kwd>purulent-septic diseases</kwd><kwd>complications of puerperium</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Серова О.Ф., Седая Л.В., Шутикова Н.В., Сидорова Л.И., Ковалев И.Г. Преждевременные роды, осложненные преждевременным разрывом плодных оболочек. Лечение и профилактика. 2017;2(22):43-46. Режим доступа: https://cyberLeninka.ru/articLe/n/prezhdevremennye-rody-diag-nostika-i-terapiya.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Serova O.F., Sedaya L.V., Shutikova N.V., Sidorova L.I., Kovalev I.G. Preterm labor complicated by pre-labor rupture of membranes. Lechenie i profilak-tika = Treatment and Prevention. 2017;2(22):43-46. (In Russ.) Available at: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/prezhdevremennye-rody-diagnostika-i-terapiya.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Артымук Н.В., Елизарова Н.Н., Черняева В.И., Рыбников С.В. Исходы недоношенной беременности и родов при преждевременном разрыве плодных оболочек. Мать и дитя в Кузбассе. 2015;(2):98-102. Режим доступа: https://cyberLeninka.ru/articLe/n/ishody-nedonoshennoy-beremennosti-i-rodov-pri-prezhdevremennom-razryve-plodnyh-obolochek.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Artymuk N.V., Elizarova N.N., Chernyaeva V.I., Rybnikov S.V. Outcomes of pregnancy and delivery preterm in women with premature rupture of membranes. Mat i ditya v Kuzbasse = Mother and Baby in Kuzbass. 2015;(2):98-102. (In Russ.) Available at: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/ishody-nedonoshennoy-beremennosti-i-rodov-pri-prezhdevremennom-razryve-plodnyh-obolochek.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baser E., Aydogan Kirmizi D., ULubas Isik D., Ozdemirci S., Onat T., Serdar YaLvac E. et aL. The effects of Latency period in PPROM cases managed expectantLy. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2020;33(13):2274-2283. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1731465.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baser E., Aydogan Kirmizi D., Ulubas Isik D., Ozdemirci S., Onat T., Serdar Yalvac E. et al. The effects of latency period in PPROM cases managed expectantly. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2020;33(13):2274-2283. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1731465.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sorano S., Fukuoka M., Kawakami K., Momohara Y. Prognosis of preterm premature rupture of membranes between 20 and 24 weeks of gestation: A retrospective cohort study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X. 2019;5:100102. doi: 10.1016/j.eurox.2019.100102.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sorano S., Fukuoka M., Kawakami K., Momohara Y. Prognosis of preterm premature rupture of membranes between 20 and 24 weeks of gestation: A retrospective cohort study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X. 2019;5: 100102. doi: 10.1016/j.eurox.2019.100102.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Menon R., Moore JJ. FetaL Membranes, Not a Mere Appendage of the PLacenta, but a CriticaL Part of the FetaL-MaternaL Interface ControLLing Parturition. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2020;47(1):147-162. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2019.10.004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Menon R., Moore JJ. Fetal Membranes, Not a Mere Appendage of the Placenta, but a Critical Part of the Fetal-Maternal Interface Controlling Parturition. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2020;47(1):147-162. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2019.10.004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Серов В.Н., Дегтярев Д.Н., Шмаков Р.П, Баев О.Р, Васильченко О.Н., Долгушина Н.В. и др. Преждевременный разрыв плодных оболочек (преждевременное излитие вод). Акушерство и гинекология. 2015;(S5):14-32. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=35783447.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Serov V.N., Degtyarev D.N., Shmakov R.G., Baev O.R., Vasilchenko O.N., Dolgushina N.V. et al. Premature rupture of membranes (premature rupture of water). Akusherstvo i ginekologiya = Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2015;(S5):14-32. (In Russ.) Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=35783447.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GaLaz J., Romero R., Slutsky R.,Xu Y., Motomura K., Para R. et al. Cellular immune responses in amniotic fluid of women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. J Perinat Med. 2020;48(3):222-233. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0395.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galaz J., Romero R., Slutsky R., Xu Y., Motomura K., Para R. et al. Cellular immune responses in amniotic fluid of women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. J Perinat Med. 2020;48(3):222-233. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0395.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сухих Г.Т., Серов В.Н., Адамян Л.В., Филиппов О.С., Баев О.Р, Клименченко Н.И. и др. Преждевременные роды. Проблемы репродукции. 2018;24(S6):56-79. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=37297624.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sukhikh G.T., Serov V.N., Adamyan L.V., Filippov O.S., Baev O.R., Klimenchenko N.I. et al. Premature birth. Problemy reproduktsii = Russian Journal of Human Reproduction. 2018;24(S6):56-79. (In Russ.) Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=37297624.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ronzoni S., Steckle V., D'Souza R., Murphy K.E., Lye S., Shynlova O. Cytokine Changes in Maternal Peripheral Blood Correlate With Time-to-Delivery in Pregnancies Complicated by Premature Prelabor Rupture of the Membranes. Reprod Sci. 2019;26(9):1266-1276. doi: 10.1177/1933719118815590.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ronzoni S., Steckle V., D'Souza R., Murphy K.E., Lye S., Shynlova O. Cytokine Changes in Maternal Peripheral Blood Correlate With Time-to-Delivery in Pregnancies Complicated by Premature Prelabor Rupture of the Membranes. Reprod Sci. 2019;26(9):1266-1276. doi: 10.1177/1933719118815590.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gomez-Lopez N., Romero R., Leng Y., Xu Y., Slutsky R., Levenson D. et al. The origin of amniotic fluid monocytes/macrophages in women with intra-amniotic inflammation or infection. J Perinat Med. 2019;47(8):822-840. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0262.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gomez-Lopez N., Romero R., Leng Y., Xu Y., Slutsky R., Levenson D. et al. The origin of amniotic fluid monocytes/macrophages in women with intra-amniotic inflammation or infection. J Perinat Med. 2019;47(8):822-840. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0262.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mithal L.B., Shah N., Romanova A., Miller E.S. Antenatal Screening for Group B Streptococcus in the Setting of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes: Empiric versus Culture-based Prophylaxis. AJP Rep. 2020;10(1):e26-e31. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-3401807.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mithal L.B., Shah N., Romanova A., Miller E.S. Antenatal Screening for Group B Streptococcus in the Setting of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes: Empiric versus Culture-based Prophylaxis. AJP Rep. 2020;10(1):e26-e31. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-3401807.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mls J., Stranik J., Kacerovsky M. Lactobacillus iners-dominated vaginal microbiota in pregnancy. Ceska Gynekol. 2019;84(6):463-467. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31948257/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mls J., Stranik J., Kacerovsky M. Lactobacillus iners-dominated vaginal microbiota in pregnancy. Ceska Gynekol. 2019;84(6):463-467. Available at: https//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31948257/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бошкова М.Э., Постникова В.В., Кудряшова О.А. Хориоамнионит. Интернаука. 2019;(28):10-11. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=39162855.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boshkova M.E., Postnikova V.V., Kudryashova O.A. Chorioamnionitis. Internauka. 2019;(28):10-11. (In Russ.) Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item. asp?id=39162855.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузьмин В.Н., Харченко Э.И. Дифференцированный подход к антибактериальной терапии при преждевременном разрыве околоплодных оболочек. Вопросы гинекологии, акушерства и перинатологии. 2017;16(5):78-81. doi: 10.20953/1726-1678-2017-5-78-81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuzmin V.N., Kharchenko E.I. A differential approach to antibacterial therapy in premature rupture of membranes Voprosy ginekologii, akusherstva i perina-tologii = Gynecology, Obstetrics and Perinatology. 2017;16(5):78-81. (In Russ.) doi: 10.20953/1726-1678-2017-5-78-81.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doret Dion M., Cazanave C., Charlier C. Antibiotic prophylaxis in preterm premature rupture of membranes: CNGOF preterm premature rupture of membranes guidelines. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol. 2018;46(12):1043-1053. doi: 10.1016/j.gofs.2018.10.017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Doret Dion M., Cazanave C., Charlier C. Antibiotic prophylaxis in preterm premature rupture of membranes: CNGOF preterm premature rupture of membranes guidelines. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol. 2018;46(12):1043-1053. doi: 10.1016/j.gofs.2018.10.017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шульженко Е.В., Мостовая Т.А., Касперович О.В., Поленц-Филюкова И.Э. Исходы беременности и родов у женщин с инфекцией амниотической полости и плодных оболочек. Амурский медицинский журнал. 2018;(3): 54-55. doi: 10.22448/AMJ.2018.3.54-55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shulzhenko E.V., Mostovaya TA., Kasperovich O.V., Polents-Filyukova I.E. The outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth among women with an infection of the amniotic cavity and fetal membranes. Amurskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal = Amur Medical Journal. 2018;(3):54-55. (In Russ.) doi: 10.22448/AMJ.2018.3.54-55.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каткова Н.Ю., Бодрикова О.И., Безрукова И.М., Гусева О.И., Лебедева Н.В., Покусаева К.Б., Михайленко О.А. Клинико-анамнестические особенности различных типов преждевременных родов (ретроспективный обзор). Эффективная фармакотерапия. 2017;(26):12-17. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=29934075.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Katkova N.Yu., Bodrikova O.I., Bezrukova I.M., Guseva O.I., Lebedeva N.V., Pokusayeva K.B., Mikhaylenko O.A. Clinical and anamnestic features of different types of premature birth (retrospective review). Effektivnaya farma-koterapiya = Effective Рharmacotherapy. 2017;(26):12-17. (In Russ.) Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=29934075.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гусейнова Г.Э., Ходжаева З.С. Клинико-анамнестические особенности женщин с преждевременным разрывом плодных оболочек при преждевременных родах. Акушерство и гинекология. 2019;(8):54-61. doi: 10.18565/aig.2019.8.54-61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guseinova G.E., Khodzhaeva Z.S. Clinical and anamnestic features of women with preterm premature rupture of membranes. Akusherstvo i ginekologiya = Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2019;(8):54-61. (In Russ.) doi: 10.18565/aig.2019.8.54-61.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jacobsson B., Pettersson K., Modzelewska D., Abrahamsson T., Bergman L., Hakansson S. Preterm delivery: an overview on epidemiology, pathophysiology and consequences for the individual and the society. Lakartidningen. 2019;116:FR6F. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31593284.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jacobsson B., Pettersson K., Modzelewska D., Abrahamsson T., Bergman L., Hakansson S. Preterm delivery: an overview on epidemiology, pathophysiology and consequences for the individual and the society. Lakartidningen. 2019;116:FR6F. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31593284.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хворостухина Н.Ф., Степанова Н.Н., Новичков Д.А., Мамедова Г.Э. Особенности гормонального гомеостаза при невынашивании беременности и преждевременных родах. Международный журнал экспериментального образования. 2015;(12):445-446. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25013538.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khvorostukhina N.F., Stepanova N.N., Novichkov D.A., Mamedova G.E. Features of hormonal homeostasis in miscarriage and premature birth. Mezhdunarodnyy zhurnal ehksperimentalnogo obrazovaniya = International Journal of Experimental Education. 2015;(12):445-446. (In Russ.) Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25013538.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хворостухина Н.Ф., Рогожина И.Е., Столярова У.В. Пролактин и стероидные гормоны в патогенезе невынашивания беременности. Медицина (Минск). 2011;(2):53-56. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=35107010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khvorostukhina N.F., Rogozhina I.E., Stolyarova U.V. Prolactin and steroid hormones in the pathogenesis of miscarriage. Meditsina (Minsk) = Medicine (Minsk). 2011;2:53-56. (In Russ.) Available at: https//elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=35107010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garcia-Blanco A., Diago V., Serrano De La Cruz V., Hervas D., Chafer-Pericas C., Vento M. Can stress biomarkers predict preterm birth in women with threatened preterm labor? Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2017;83:19-24. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.05.021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garcia-Blanco A., Diago V., Serrano De La Cruz V., Hervas D., Chafer-Pericas C., Vento M. Can stress biomarkers predict preterm birth in women with threatened preterm labor? Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2017;83:19-24. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.05.021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carp HJ.A. Progestogens and pregnancy loss. Climacteric. 2018;21(4):380-384. doi: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1436166.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carp HJ.A. Progestogens and pregnancy loss. Climacteric. 2018;21(4):380-384. doi: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1436166.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mikolajczyk M., Wirstlein P., Adamczyk M., Skrzypczak J., Wender-Ozegowska E. Value of cervicovaginal fluid cytokines in prediction of fetal inflammatory response syndrome in pregnancies complicated with preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM). J Perinat Med. 2020;48(3):249-255. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0280.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikolajczyk M., Wirstlein P., Adamczyk M., Skrzypczak J., Wender-Ozegowska E. Value of cervicovaginal fluid cytokines in prediction of fetal inflammatory response syndrome in pregnancies complicated with preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM). J Perinat Med. 2020;48(3):249-255. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0280.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee S.M., Park K.H., Hong S., Kim Y.M., Park Y.H., Lee Y.E., Jeon SJ. Identification of Cultivable Bacteria in Amniotic Fluid Using Cervicovaginal Fluid Protein Microarray in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes. Reprod Sci. 2020;27:1008-1017. doi: 10.1007/s43032-020-00143-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee S.M., Park K.H., Hong S., Kim Y.M., Park Y.H., Lee Y.E., Jeon SJ. Identification of Cultivable Bacteria in Amniotic Fluid Using Cervicovaginal Fluid Protein Microarray in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes. Reprod Sci. 2020;27:1008-1017. doi: 10.1007/s43032-020-00143-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oh KJ., Romero R., Park J.Y., Kang J., Hong J.S., Yoon B.H. A high concentration of fetal fibronectin in cervical secretions increases the risk of intra-amniotic infection and inflammation in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. J Perinat Med. 2019;47(3):288-303. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2018-0351.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oh KJ., Romero R., Park J.Y., Kang J., Hong J.S., Yoon B.H. A high concentration of fetal fibronectin in cervical secretions increases the risk of intra-amniotic infection and inflammation in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. J Perinat Med. 2019;47(3):288-303. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2018-0351.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хворостухина Н.Ф., Степанова Н.Н., Мамедова ГЭ., Новичков Д.А., Богословская А.В. Влияние длительного безводного промежутка на перинатальные исходы при преждевременных родах. Международный журнал экспериментального образования. 2016;(5):387-388. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25981565.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khvorostukhina N.F., Stepanova N.N., Mamedova G.E., Novichkov D.A., Bogoslovskaya A.V. The effect of a long anhydrous gap on perinatal outcomes in preterm labor. Mezhdunarodnyy zhurnal ehksperimentalnogo obrazovaniya = International Journal of Experimental Education. 2016;(5):387-388. (In Russ.) Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25981565.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Di Gennaro F., Marotta C., Pisani L., Veronese N., Pisani V., Lippolis V. et al. Maternal caesarean section infection (MACSI) in Sierra Leone: a case-control study. Epidemiol Infect. 2020;148:e40. doi: 10.1017/S0950268820000370.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Di Gennaro F., Marotta C., Pisani L., Veronese N., Pisani V., Lippolis V. et al. Maternal caesarean section infection (MACSI) in Sierra Leone: a case-control study. Epidemiol Infect. 2020;148:e40. doi: 10.1017/S0950268820000370.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pergialiotis V., Bellos I., Fanaki M., Antsaklis A., Loutradis D., Daskalakis G. The impact of residual oligohydramnios following preterm premature rupture of membranes on adverse pregnancy outcomes: a meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;222(6):628-630. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pergialiotis V., Bellos I., Fanaki M., Antsaklis A., Loutradis D., Daskalakis G. The impact of residual oligohydramnios following preterm premature rupture of membranes on adverse pregnancy outcomes: a meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;222(6):628-630. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Туманова У.Н., Шувалова М.П., Щеголев А.И. Преждевременный разрыв плодных оболочек и перинатальная смертность. Неонатология: новости, мнения, обучение. 2017;(1):86-92. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=28857079.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tumanova U.N., Shuvalova M.P., Shchegolev A.I. Premature rupture of membranes and perinatal death. Neonatologiya: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie = Neonatology: News, Opinions, Training. 2017;1(15):86-92. (In Russ.) Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=28857079.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oh J.W., Park C.W., Moon K.C., Park J.S., Jun J.K. The relationship among the progression of inflammation in umbilical cord, fetal inflammatory response, early-onset neonatal sepsis, and chorioamnionitis. PLoS One. 2019;14(11): e0225328. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225328.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oh J.W., Park C.W., Moon K.C., Park J.S., Jun J.K. The relationship among the progression of inflammation in umbilical cord, fetal inflammatory response, early-onset neonatal sepsis, and chorioamnionitis. PLoS One. 2019;14(11):e0225328. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225328.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
