medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2021-4-69-77medsovet-6092Research ArticleНЕВРОЛОГИЯNEUROLOGYКогнитивные нарушения у лиц, перенесших COVID-19Cognitive impairment in COVID-19 survivorshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7465-0677ПизоваН. В.PizovaN. V.

Пизова Наталия Вячеславовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры нервных болезней с медицинской генетикой и нейрохирургией

150000, Ярославль, ул. Революционная, д. 5

Nataliia V. Pizova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Nervous Diseases with Medical Genetics and Neurosurgery

5, Revolutsionnaya St., Yaroslavl, 150000

pizova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3009-3020ПизовН. А.PizovN. A.

Пизов Николай Александрович, аспирант кафедры нервных болезней с медицинской генетикой и нейрохирургией

150000, Ярославль, ул. Революционная, д. 5

Nikolai A. Pizov, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Nervous Diseases with Medical Genetics and Neurosurgery

5, Revolutsionnaya St., Yaroslavl, 150000

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0522-675XПизовА. В.PizovA. V.

Пизов Александр Витальевич, к.б.н., доцент кафедры медицины

150000, Ярославль, ул. Республиканская, д. 108/1

Aleksandr V. Pizov, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor of the Department of Medicine

108/1, Republikanskaya St., Yaroslavl, 150000

Ярославский государственный медицинский университетРоссияYaroslavl State Medical UniversityRussian FederationЯрославский государственный педагогический университет имени К.Д. УшинскогоРоссияYaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. UshinskyRussian Federation202118042021046977Copyright © Пизова Н.В., Пизов Н.А., Пизов А.В., 20212021Пизова Н.В., Пизов Н.А., Пизов А.В.Pizova N.V., Pizov N.A., Pizov A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6092

Новое коронавирусное заболевание 2019 г. уже более года распространяется по всему миру с высоким риском заражения и  смертности. У лиц, выживших после COVID-19, могут развиваться различные последствия и  осложнения, которые длятся от нескольких недель до нескольких месяцев после первоначального выздоровления, затрагивая разные органы и системы. Различные последствия и осложнения у лиц, переболевших COVID-19, могут встречаться не только во взрослом и пожилом возрасте, но и у молодых людей. В настоящее время в доступной литературе описан широкий спектр неврологических проявлений COVID-19. Представлены частота встречаемости отдельных неврологических симптомов, синдромов и нозологических форм у лиц как в острый период заболевания COVID-19, так и в кратко- и долгосрочном периодах наблюдения за этими пациентами. В  статье углубленно рассмотрены когнитивные нарушения, возникающие у  лиц, перенесших коронавирусное заболевание. Представлены данные о распространенности когнитивных нарушений в различных регионах и в различные периоды заболевания. Описаны основные возможные патофизиологические процессы и факторы риска развития когнитивных нарушений при COVID-19. Рассмотрены возможные пути медикаментозной и немедикаментозной реабилитации пациентов с когнитивными нарушениями при коронавирусной инфекции, что является новой проблемой современной медицины. Также уделено внимание нейропротекции как одному из направлений терапии.

A new 2019 coronavirus disease has been spreading worldwide for more than a year, with a high risk of infection and death. Various sequelae and complications can develop in COVID-19 survivors, lasting from several weeks to several months after initial recovery, affecting different organs and systems. Various sequelae and complications can occur in COVID-19 survivors not only in adults and the elderly, but also in young people. A wide range of neurological manifestations of COVID-19 are now described in the available literature. The incidence of selected neurological symptoms, syndromes and nosological forms in individuals both in the acute period of COVID-19 disease and in the short- and long-term follow-up of these patients is presented. In this article, cognitive impairments occurring in individuals who have had coronavirus disease are discussed in depth. Data on the prevalence of cognitive impairment in different regions and at different periods of the disease are presented. The main possible pathophysiological processes and risk factors for the development of cognitive impairment in COVID-19 are described. Possible ways of drug and non-drug rehabilitation of patients with cognitive impairment in coronavirus infection that is a new problem of modern medicine are considered. Attention is also paid to neuroprotection as one of the therapy areas.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.