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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-7-96-107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6145</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОМОРБИДНЫЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMORBID CONDITIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сахарный диабет и остеопороз: патогенетическая связь и современные принципы лечения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis: pathogenetic relationship and current principles of treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6385-540X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>T. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Демидова Татьяна Юльевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой эндокринологии лечебного факультета.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana Yu. Demidova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Endocrinology of the Faculty of Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.</p><p>1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.y.demidova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3826-0935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плахотняя</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plakhotnyaya</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Плахотняя Виктория Михайловна - клинический ординатор кафедры эндокринологии лечебного факультета.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoria M. Plakhotnyaya - Clinical Resident of the Department of Endocrinology of the Faculty of Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.</p><p>1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow, 117997.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vplahotnyaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>96</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Демидова Т.Ю., Плахотняя В.М., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Демидова Т.Ю., Плахотняя В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Demidova T.Y., Plakhotnyaya V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6145">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6145</self-uri><abstract><p>Сахарный диабет (СД) является известным фактором риска развития остеопороза (ОП) и повышенного риска переломов. Активное изучение взаимосвязи между СД и здоровьем костной ткани показало, что СД 1-го и СД 2-го типа по-разному влияют на минеральную плотность кости (МПК). Центральным звеном патогенеза развития повышенной ломкости костей у пациентов с СД 1-го типа считается нарушение активности и дифференцировки остеобластов. В свою очередь, гиперинсулинемия, характерная для СД 2-го типа, наоборот, способствует делению и дифференцировке остеобластов и повышению показателя МПК. Однако более высокие показатели МПК у пациентов с СД 2-го типа не являются благоприятным изменением, так как сочетаются с замедлением костного метаболизма. В результате не происходит качественного ремоделирования кости, и прочность костей закономерно уменьшается при высокой МПК. Несмотря на эти различия, СД 1-го и СД 2-го типа имеют общие пути патогенеза, которые приводят к повышенной ломкости костей (например, неферментативное гликирование коллагена костного матрикса и увеличение концентрации склеростина, блокирующего сигнальный путь Wnt). В этом обзоре авторы обсуждают современные данные об эпидемиологии и патогенезе ОП при СД, а также останавливаются на практических вопросах клиники, диагностики, стратификации риска переломов и лечения данной группы пациентов. Отдельное внимание уделяется эффектам, которые оказывают основные сахароснижающие препараты и противоостеопоретические лекарственные средства на костную ткань.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well known risk factor for osteoporosis and an increased risk of fractures. A lot of data has been published about the relationship between diabetes and bone health. DM type 1 and DM type 2 have different effects on bone mineral density (BMD). The central link in pathogenesis of bone fragility in patients with DM type 1 is a violation of the activity and gifferentiation of osteoblasts. On the contrary, hyperinsulinemia in DM type 2 activates the division and gifferentiation of osteoblasts and contributes to an increase in BMD. However, Higher BMD values in patients with DM type 2 are combined with slowdown in bone metabolism. As the result, high-quality bone remodeling does not occur. And bone strength decreases despite the high BMD. Despite the differences, DM type 1 and DM type 2 have common pathogenic pathways, that lead to increased bone fragility. For example, non-enzymatic glycation of bone matrix collagen and increase in concentration of sclerostin, which blocks the Wnt signaling pathway. In this review, we will analyze current data about epidemiology and pathogenesis of osteoporosis in DM and discuss the practical issues of the clinic, diagnosis, stratification of fracture risk and treatment. Special attention will be paid to the effects of glucose-lowering and anti-osteoporotic drugs on bone tissue.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>остеопороз</kwd><kwd>здоровье кости</kwd><kwd>FRAX</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>osteoporosis</kwd><kwd>bone health</kwd><kwd>FRAX</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Valderrabano RJ., Linares M.I. Diabetes Mellitus and Bone Health: Epidemiology, Etiology and Implications for Fracture Risk Stratification. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018;4:9. doi: 10.1186/s40842-018-0060-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valderrabano RJ., Linares M.I. 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