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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-7-88-94</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6147</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОМОРБИДНЫЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMORBID CONDITIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лептин и полиморфизм гена его рецептора как мишень для фармакотерапии при сахарном диабете 2-го типа и хронической обструктивной болезни легких</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Leptin and its receptor gene polymorphism as a target for pharmacotherapy in T2DM and COPD</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8430-237X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокина</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokina</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сорокина Юлия Андреевна - кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры общей и клинической фармакологии.</p><p>603005, Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, д. 10/1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia A. Sorokina - Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor of the Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Privolzhsky Research Medical University.</p><p>10/1, Minin and Pozharsky Sq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zwx@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1830-3600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Занозина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zanozina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Занозина Ольга Владимировна - доктор медицинских наук, заведующая отделением эндокринологии, НОКБ им. Н.А. Семашко; профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии, ПИМУ.</p><p>603126, Нижний Новгород, ул. Родионова, д. 190; 603005, Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, д. 10/1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Zanozina - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of Endocrinology Department, Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital after N.A. Semashko; Professor of Department of Hospital Therapy, Privolzhsky Research Medical University.</p><p>190, Rodionov St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603126; 10/1, Minin and Pozharsky Sq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zwx2@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4394-0687</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макарова Екатерина Вадимовна - доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>603005, Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, д. 10/1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina V. Makarova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Privolzhsky Research Medical University.</p><p>10/1, Minin and Pozharsky Sq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603005.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8616-1662</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сальцев</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salcev</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сальцев Сергей Григорьевич - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>603005, Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, д. 10/1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey G. Salcev - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Privolzhsky Research Medical University.</p><p>10/1, Minin and Pozharsky Sq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4572-8671</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варварина</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varvarina</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Варварина Галина Николаевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней.</p><p>603005, Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, д. 10/1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina N. Varvarina - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Privolzhsky Research Medical University.</p><p>10/1, Minin and Pozharsky Sq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1480-183X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ловцова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lovtsova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ловцова Любовь Валерьевна - доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой общей и клинической фармакологии.</p><p>603005, Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, д.10/1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov V. Lovtsova - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Privolzhsky Research Medical University.</p><p>10/1, Minin and Pozharsky Sq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Privolzhsky Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет; Нижегородская областная клиническая больница имени Н.А. Семашко</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Privolzhsky Research Medical University; Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital after N.A. Semashko</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сорокина Ю.А., Занозина О.В., Макарова Е.В., Сальцев С.Г., Варварина Г.Н., Ловцова Л.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сорокина Ю.А., Занозина О.В., Макарова Е.В., Сальцев С.Г., Варварина Г.Н., Ловцова Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sorokina Y.A., Zanozina O.V., Makarova E.V., Salcev S.G., Varvarina G.N., Lovtsova L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6147">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6147</self-uri><abstract><p>Сочетанная патология представляет трудноразрешимую проблему для рациональной фармакотерапии ввиду полиорганности повреждений. Необходимость воздействия одновременно на несколько звеньев целого ряда патогенетических процессов приводит к полипрагмазии, которая со временем становится менее эффективной, токсичной и неприемлемой на том или ином этапе течения болезней. Для коморбидных пациентов с длительно текущим сахарным диабетом 2-го типа вопросы межлекарственных взаимодействий так же актуальны, как и подбор оптимальной сахароснижающей терапии. Настоящий обзор ставит перед собой цель определить возможности оптимизировать лекарственную терапию при коморбидной патологии для увеличения эффективности фармакотерапии, улучшения прогнозов и исходов сопутствующих заболеваний, а также замедлить прогрессирование одного или сочетанных заболеваний. Одним из способов индивидуализации фармакотерапии видится определение полиморфных генов, которые будут ответственны не только за предрасположенность к заболеванию, но и за формирование фармакологического ответа на назначенную фармакотерапию, определяя, таким образом, эффективность медикаментозной терапии. Представляет интерес в качестве объединяющей патологии, вносящей вклад как в развитие заболеваний (ХОБЛ и СД 2-го типа), так и потенциально формирующей фармакологический ответ на назначенную медикаментозную терапию, такой пептидный гормон, как лептин и рецепторы к нему в различных тканях. Полиморфизм генов определяет развитие таких патологий, как резистентность к лептину и инсулину, которые, в свою очередь, являются мишенью многих сахароснижающих препаратов. В обзоре предложены потенциальные ассоциации и направления для исследований в области фармакогенетики лекарственных препаратов, применяемых для лечения коморбидных пациентов. Своевременное выявление мутации генов, вовлеченных в общий патогенез СД 2-го типа и ХОБЛ будет способствовать формированию наиболее индивидуализированного фармакотерапевтического контроля как одного, так и другого заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Combined pathology is a real problem for rational pharmacotherapy due to multiple organ damage. The need to affect simultaneously several pathogenesis processes leads to polypharmacy that can appear to be less effective, toxic and unacceptable in some time. For comorbid patients with long - term ongoing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the problem of drug interactions is as relevant as the selection of optimal hypoglycemic therapy. This review aims to identify opportunities to optimize drug therapy in comorbid pathology to increase the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy, improve the prognosis and outcomes of concomitant diseases, and slow the progression of one or a combination of diseases. One of the ways to individualize pharmacotherapy is to identify polymorphic genes that can account not only to the predisposition to the disease, but also to the formation of a pharmacological response, thus determining the effectiveness of drug therapy. A peptide hormone leptin along with its receptors in various tissues could be the milestone of unifying pathology that contributes both to the development of diseases - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and T2DM. This modality potentially forms the pharmacological response to prescribed drug therapy of such. Gene polymorphism determines the development of pathologies such as leptin and insulin resistance. These deteriorations are in turn likely to be the targets of many oral antidiabetic drugs. The review suggests potential associations and directions for research in the field of pharmacogenetics of drugs used for the treatment of comorbid patients. The duly identified mutations involved in the general pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and COPD will account to the approach toward tailored medicine and contribute to proper control of both diseases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лептин</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет 2-го типа</kwd><kwd>ХОБЛ</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм генов</kwd><kwd>фармакотерапия</kwd><kwd>эффективность</kwd><kwd>персонализированная медицина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>leptin</kwd><kwd>T2DM</kwd><kwd>COPD</kwd><kwd>gene polymorphism</kwd><kwd>pharmacotherapy</kwd><kwd>effectiveness</kwd><kwd>personalized medicine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Демидова Т.Ю. Лечение больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа и коморбидными заболеваниями. Что необходимо знать практикующему врачу? РМЖ. Медицинское обозрение. 2019;10(II): 123-126. 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