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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X2021-5-54-61</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6157</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ БИЛИАРНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ И ПЕЧЕНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DISEASES OF THE BILIARY SYSTEM AND LIVER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хронический бескаменный холецистит и билиарная дисфункция: как клинический диагноз влияет на тактику ведения?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chronic acalculous cholecystitis and biliary dysfunction: how does clinical diagnosis affect management?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7760-2091</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучерявый</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kucheryavyy</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент, заведующий гастроэнтерологическим отделением,</p><p>143421, Московская обл., Красногорск, д. Глухово, ул. Рублевское предместье, д. 2, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Gastroenterology, </p><p>2, Bldg. 2, Rublevskoe Predmestye St., Glukhovo, Krasnogorsk, Moscow Region, 143421</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">proped@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5156-2842</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипенко</surname><given-names>М. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipenko</surname><given-names>M. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней лечебного факультета,</p><p>630091, Новосибирск, Красный проспект, д. 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases of the Medical Faculty, </p><p>52, Krasny Ave., Novosibirsk, 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ngma@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ильинская больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ilyinsky Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кучерявый Ю.А., Осипенко М.Ф., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кучерявый Ю.А., Осипенко М.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kucheryavyy Y.A., Osipenko M.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6157">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6157</self-uri><abstract><p>Однотипная абдоминальная боль билиарного типа при функциональных расстройствах билиарного тракта и хроническом бескаменном холецистите вызывает объективные трудности дифференцирования не только между собой, но и с другими заболеваниями желудочно-кишечного тракта. Клиническая картина настолько однотипна и трудноотличима от желчнокаменной болезни, что часть пациентов подвергаются необоснованным хирургическим вмешательствам при ХБХ и  ФРБТ. Отдельные публикации, лоббирующие подобную агрессивную стратегию, единичны и требуют уточнения в более масштабных исследованиях. Препаратами первого выбора при лечении ФРБТ выступают спазмолитики, в качестве адъювантных средств применяются препараты урсодезоксихолевой кислоты. При ХБХ стартовая терапия будет аналогичной, но режим лечения может быть расширен за счет таргетной этиотропной (при выявлении причины холецистита – жардиаз, описторхоз и др.) или эмпирической антимикробной/противопаразитарной терапии. Наибольший интерес сегодня вызывает гимекромон – препарат с доказанным как экспериментальными, так и контролируемыми исследованиями комбинированным желчегонным, селективным спазмолитическим действием, опосредованным эффектом снижения литогенности желчи и  возможным противовоспалительным действием. Гимекромон эффективно купирует билиарную боль, не вызывая сокращений желчного пузыря, что определяет возможность его широкого применения как при ХБХ, так и при ФРБТ, как в монотерапии, так и в комбинации с другими средствами, в первую очередь с УДХК. В данной статье рассмотрены вопросы оптимизации диагностической и лечебной стратегии ведения пациентов с билиарной болью во избежание необоснованных холецистэктомий при акалькулезных заболеваниях билиарного тракта. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Similar abdominal pain of biliary type in functional disorders of biliary tract and chronic acalculous cholecystitis causes objective difficulties to differentiate not only between each other, but also with other diseases of gastrointestinal tract. The  clinical picture is so homogeneous and difficult to distinguish from cholelithiasis that some patients undergo unreasonable surgical interventions for CAC and FDBT. Individual publications pushing for such an aggressive strategy are sporadic and need to be clarified in larger studies. The first choice drugs for treatment of FDBT are spasmolytics; ursodeoxycholic acid drugs are used as adjuvant agents. In CAC, the initial therapy will be similar, but the treatment regimen can be expanded with targeted etiotropic (if the cause of cholecystitis is identified – giardiasis, opisthorchiasis, etc.) or empirical antimicrobial/antiparasitic therapy. The greatest interest today is caused by hymecromone – a drug with proven by both experimental and controlled studies combined choleretic, selective spasmolytic action, mediated effect of reducing bile lithogenicity and possible anti-inflammatory action. Hymecromone effectively relieves biliary pain without causing gallbladder contractions, which determines the possibility of its wide application both in CAC and FDBT, both in monotherapy and in combination with other agents, primarily with UDCA. In this article the issues of optimization of diagnostic and therapeutic strategy of management of patients with biliary pain to avoid unreasonable cholecystectomies in acalculous diseases of the biliary tract are considered. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>функциональные расстройства билиарного тракта</kwd><kwd>дискинезия</kwd><kwd>хронический бескаменный холецистит</kwd><kwd>спазмолитики</kwd><kwd>гимекромон</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>functional disorders of biliary tract</kwd><kwd>dyskinesia</kwd><kwd>chronic acalculous cholecystitis</kwd><kwd>spasmolytics</kwd><kwd>hymecromone</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маев И.В., Самсонов А.А., Кучерявый Ю.А. Болезни билиарного тракта: диагностика и лечение. М.; 2010. 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