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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-6-49-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6160</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФЕКЦИИ В ОТОРИНОЛАРИНГОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFECTIONS IN OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение топических бактериальных лизатов в современной клинической практике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Using of topical bacterial lysates in modern clinical practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1257-9879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свистушкин</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svistushkin</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свистушкин Валерий Михайлович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой болезней уха, горла и носа</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriy M. Svistushkin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases Department</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svvm3@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8617-0179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифорова</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforova</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никифорова Галина Николаевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina N. Nikiforova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases Department</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gn_nik_63@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3700-7367</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Золотова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolotova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Золотова Анна Владимировна, кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Zolotova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases Department</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zolotova.anna.vl@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7469-5755</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Степанова Виктория Андреевна, клинический ординатор кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria A. Stepanova, Clinical Resident of the Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases Department</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">viktoraya.stepanova.97@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Свистушкин В.М., Никифорова Г.Н., Золотова А.В., Степанова В.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Свистушкин В.М., Никифорова Г.Н., Золотова А.В., Степанова В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Svistushkin V.M., Nikiforova G.N., Zolotova A.V., Stepanova V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6160">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6160</self-uri><abstract><p>Острые и хронические инфекционно-воспалительные заболевания верхних отделов респираторного тракта занимают лидирующие позиции в структуре патологии населения земного шара и остаются наиболее частой причиной обращения пациентов за медицинской помощью. Распространенность и частота заболеваний данной нозологической группы вносят определяющий вклад в структуру причин временной нетрудоспособности, что влечет за собой значительные негативные социальные и экономические последствия. В этом аспекте увеличение резистентности возбудителей к этиотропным препаратам и недостаточность арсенала патогенетических лекарственных средств стимулируют медицинское сообщество к поиску альтернативных подходов к лечению больных респираторной патологией. Одним из таких терапевтических направлений является применение иммуномодуляторов, самой часто используемой группой которых являются бактериальные лизаты. В современной литературе накоплено достаточно убедительных данных об эффективности использования бактериальных лизатов системного действия, в результате применения которых происходит активация иммунных клеток желудочно-кишечного тракта, что, в свою очередь, приводит к восстановлению ауторегуляции иммунного ответа во всем организме, снижению частоты инфекционных и аллергических заболеваний. Наиболее поздние разработки отечественных фармакологов представляют собой топические бактериальные лизаты, чей принцип действия основан на локальной активации мукозального иммунитета в дыхательных путях. Несомненным преимуществом является то, что бактериальные лизаты при всей своей эффективности не наносят вреда микробиому человека, практически не вызывают побочных реакций, хорошо сочетаются с другими лекарствами, а также могут применяться на любой стадии болезни, в т. ч. с профилактической целью.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Acute and chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract occupy a leading position in the structure of the pathology of the world’s population and remain the most frequent reason for patients seeking medical care. The prevalence and frequency of this disease in this nosological group makes a decisive contribution to the structure of the causes of temporary disability, which entails significant negative social and economic consequences. In this aspect, the spread of resistance of pathogens to etiotropic drugs and the insufficient arsenal of pathogenetic drugs stimulate the medical community to search for alternative approaches to the treatment of patients with respiratory pathology. One of these therapeutic areas is the use of immunomodulators, the most commonly used group of which are bacterial lysates. In the modern literature, sufficiently convincing data have been accumulated on the effectiveness of the use of bacterial lysates of systemic action, as a result of which the immune cells of the gastrointestinal tract are activated, which in turn leads to the restoration of autoregulation of the immune response throughout the body, and a decrease in the frequency of infectious and allergic diseases. The latest developments of domestic pharmacologists are topical bacterial lysates, the principle of which is based on the local activation of mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract. The undoubted advantage is that bacterial lysates, with all their effectiveness, do not harm the human microbiome, practically do not cause side reactions, combine well with other drugs, and can also be used at any stage of the disease, including for prophylactic purposes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекции дыхательных путей</kwd><kwd>вирусы</kwd><kwd>бактерии</kwd><kwd>мукозальный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>топические бактериальные лизаты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>respiratory tract infections</kwd><kwd>viruses</kwd><kwd>bacteria</kwd><kwd>mucosal immunity</kwd><kwd>topical bacterial lysates</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Намазова Л.С., Вознесенская Н.И., Эфендиева К.Е., Торшхоева Р.М. Применение Имудона у детей с острой респираторной инфекцией. Педиатрическая фармакология. 2003;1(3):83–87. 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