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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-6-58-64</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6161</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ОТОРИНОЛАРИНГОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL ISSUES OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль назальной ирригации в лечении и профилактике ОРВИ в период пандемии COVID-19 и не только</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Preventive and therapeutic role of nasal irrigation in management of acute respiratory disease during COVID-19 pandemic and beyond</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7414-1293</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свистушкин</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svistushkin</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свистушкин Валерий Михайлович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой болезней уха, горла и носа</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 6, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery M. Svistushkin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat Disease</p><p>6, Bldg. 1, B. Pirogovskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svvm3@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6537-0510</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мокоян</surname><given-names>Ж. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mokoyan</surname><given-names>Zh. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мокоян Жанна Тиграновна, ассистент кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 6, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhanna T. Mokoyan, Assistant, Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat Disease</p><p>6, Bldg. 1, B. Pirogovskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">god_zhan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Свистушкин В.М., Мокоян Ж.Т., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Свистушкин В.М., Мокоян Ж.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Svistushkin V.M., Mokoyan Z.T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6161">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6161</self-uri><abstract><p>Назальная ирригация солевыми растворами уже давно стала рутинным методом лечения в арсенале практикующего оториноларинголога, доказав свою безопасность и эффективность при различной патологии. Разнообразие описанных в литературе способов промывания полости носа, включая орошение, носовой душ, назофарингеальные ванночки и назофарингеальное аспирационное орошение, или промывание по Proetz, требует тщательного сравнительного анализа имеющихся данных. Мы провели обзор литературы, уделив особое внимание влиянию тех или иных параметров на эффективность ирригации. При этом оценке подлежит не только методика промывания носа, но и объем ирригируемого раствора, его тоничность, кислотность, присутствие дополнительных веществ в составе. Так, например, в подавляющем большинстве публикаций авторы делают вывод об отсутствии влияния небольших колебаний среды раствора при изменениях в пределах околонейтрального диапазона. Объем ирригируемого раствора, напротив, прямо пропорционально повышает эффективность промывания. Так, наибольшая площадь распределения растворенного вещества отмечается при промывании большим количеством жидкости. Промывание полости носа солевыми растворами эффективно применяется не только для лечения пациентов с острыми и хроническими воспалительными заболеваниями и послеоперационного туалета после внутриносовых хирургических вмешательств. Также назальная ирригация является высокоэффективным методом неспецифической профилактики острых респираторных инфекций. Орошение полости носа снижает вязкость слизи и способствует более быстрой ее элиминации вместе с фиксированными в ней патогенами. Помимо всего прочего, орошение изотоническими солевыми растворами способствует повышению гидратации подлежащей водной основы, что увеличивает частоту биения ресничек и уменьшает концентрацию локальных медиаторов воспаления. Масштабы эпидемии и отсутствие специфического противовирусного агента для SARS-CoV-2 диктуют необходимость поиска эффективного безопасного лечения, которое может быть беспрепятственно внедрено повсеместно. Так называемое сквозное объемное промывание полости носа позволяет добиться лучшего очищения полости носа и более эффективного увлажнения слизистой оболочки полости носа. Именно своевременное очищение и увлажнение слизистой оболочки наиболее важны для поддержания нормальной активности местного иммунитета верхних дыхательных путей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>It has long been known, that nasal saline irrigation is a safe and effective method, which is routinely prescribed by otorhinolaryngologists to prevent and to treat a wide range of pathologies. There are a lot of publications on different irrigation techniques and methods. This literature review discusses the key parameters of nasal irrigation, including tonicity, pH, and the additional components, and explains how they affect the effectiveness of the procedure. The vast majority of available publications did not found any possible changes in the effectiveness of solutions with different pH close to neutral meaning. Whereas, the volume of the irrigated solution, increases the efficiency of the irrigation in direct proportion. Thus, the largest distribution area of the solute is noted when washing with a large volume of liquid. Nasal saline irrigation is an effective treatment option for patients with several acute and chronic diseases and for postoperative care after rhinosurgery. Moreover, nasal irrigation might be used as an effective non-specific method for prevention of acute upper respiratory tract infections. Irrigation of the nasal cavity reduces the mucus viscosity and promotes its faster elimination, along with pathogens fixed in it. Additionally, irrigation with isotonic saline solutions increases the hydration of the underlying water base, which enhances the frequency of ciliary beat and reduces the concentration of local inflammatory mediators. COVID-19 pandemic situation due to lack of any specific antiviral drugs dictates the necessity of an effective non-specific preventive option, which could be introduced worldwide. The so-called full volume lavage of the nasal cavity allows for better cleaning of the nasal cavity and effective moisturizing of the mucous membrane. It is the timely cleansing and moisturizing that are most important for maintaining the normal activity of the local protective mechanisms of the upper respiratory tract.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ринит</kwd><kwd>ирригация полости носа</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>острая респираторная вирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rhinitis</kwd><kwd>nasal cavity irrigation</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>acute respiratory viral infection</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крюков А.И., Носуля Е.В., Ким И.А. Промывание носа: возможности и недостатки. Вестник оториноларингологии. 2018;83(6):76–80. doi: 10.17116/otorino20188306176.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kryukov A.I., Nosulya E.V., Kim I.A. 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