<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-5-68-74</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6164</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ БИЛИАРНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ И ПЕЧЕНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DISEASES OF THE BILIARY SYSTEM AND LIVER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинические особенности неалкогольного стеатогепатита у больных с разным гликемическим статусом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical features of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in patients with different glycemic status</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3830-6446</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шиповская</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shipovskaya</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гигиены Медицинского института, </p><p>185910, Петрозаводск, ул. Ленина, д. 33</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases and Hygiene, </p><p>33, Lenin St., Petrozavodsk, 185910</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nostrick@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7620-7065</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбатова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbatova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории генетики, </p><p>185910, Петрозаводск, ул. Пушкинская, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Research Associate in the Laboratory for Genetics, Institute of Biology,</p><p>11, Pushkinskaya St., Petrozavodsk, 185910</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina7m@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5623-4226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селивёрстов</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Selivyorstov</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры внутренних болезней, клинической фармакологии и  нефрологии, </p><p>191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, д. 41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Internal Diseases, Сlinical Pharmacology and Nephrology,</p><p>41, Kirochnaya St., St Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">seliverstov-pv@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2440-7222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марченко</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marchenko</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, профессор кафедры терапии госпитальной с курсом аллергологии и иммунологии имени академика М.В. Черноруцкого, </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy with a course of Allergology and Immunology named after Acad. M.V. Chernorutsky, </p><p>6–8, Lev Tolstoy St., St Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marchvn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2964-9167</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радченко</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radchenko</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of 2nd Therapy Department of Postgraduate Education, </p><p>63, Suvorovsky Prospekt, St Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">radchenkovaler@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2613-5694</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дуданова</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dudanova</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гигиены, </p><p>185910, Петрозаводск, ул. Ленина, д. 33</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases and Hygiene, </p><p>33, Lenin St., Petrozavodsk, 185910</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">odudanova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Петрозаводский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Petrozavodsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биологии  – обособленное подразделение Карельского научного центра Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>д.м.н., профессор 2-й кафедры терапии усовершенствования врачей, Военно-медицинская академия&#13;
имени С.М. Кирова; 191015, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, Суворовский проспект, д. 63; ORCID: 0000-0002-2964-9167; radchenkovaler@mail.ru</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy named after S.M.Kirov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шиповская А.А., Курбатова И.В., Селивёрстов П.В., Марченко В.Н., Радченко В.Г., Дуданова О.П., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шиповская А.А., Курбатова И.В., Селивёрстов П.В., Марченко В.Н., Радченко В.Г., Дуданова О.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shipovskaya A.A., Kurbatova I.V., Selivyorstov P.V., Marchenko V.N., Radchenko V.G., Dudanova O.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6164">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6164</self-uri><abstract><p>175 масла , 175 сахар ,3 яйца , 250 муки и чайная ложка разрыхлителя</p><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени (НАЖБП) является актуальной проблемой здравоохранения, ее распространенность достигает 45%. НАЖБП увеличивает риск сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в  3  раза, риск смерти от  них  – в 2 раза и повышает риск развития сахарного диабета в 5 раз. Неалкогольный стеатогепатит (НАСГ) занимает до 20% в структуре НАЖБП и обладает высоким потенциалом прогрессии, а нарушение эндогенной гликемической регуляции и развитие сахарного диабета 2-го типа (СД2) ускоряют темпы прогрессирования заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Определить частоту развития предиабета (ПД) и СД2 при НАСГ и влияние нарушенного гликемического статуса на клинические особенности НАСГ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследовано 211 больных НАСГ: 148 мужчин (70,1%) и 63 женщины (29,9 %) в возрасте 48,3 ± 10,2 года. Диагноз устанавливался на  основании клинико-лабораторных, ультразвуковых и  гистологических данных. Определялись ФНО-α, фрагменты цитокератина-18, инсулин, HOMA-IR и NAFLD Fibrosis Score.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. ПД выявлялся у 39 (18,5%), СД2 – у 33 (15,6%) пациентов. У больных ПД, в отличие от пациентов с нормогликемией, достоверно выше были показатели окружности талии, индекса массы тела, уровня холестерина, ЛПНП, СОЭ, ФНО-α, NAFLD Fibrosis Score и ниже уровни альбумина и тромбоцитов. У пациентов с СД2, в отличие от таковых с нормогликемией, были выше ОТ, ИМТ, АЛТ, щелочная фосфатаза, холестерин, СОЭ, фрагменты цитокератина-18 и NAFLD Fibrosis Score. У пациентов с СД2 по сравнению с больными ПД достоверно выше были аминотрансферазы, ЩФ и ниже уровень альбумина.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. ПД и  СД2  выявлялись практически с  одинаковой частотой среди больных НАСГ  – у  18,5  и  15,6% соответственно. Нарушение гликемического статуса при НАСГ ассоциировалось с достоверным ростом окружности талии, маркеров воспаления, дислипидемии, фиброза, гепатоцитарного некроза, апоптоза, внутрипеченочного холестаза и снижением уровня альбумина. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. NAFLD is an urgent health problem, its prevalence reaches 45%. NAFLD increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases by 3 times, the risk of death from them by 2 times and increases the risk of developing diabetes by 5 times. NAS occupies up to 20% of the structure of NAFLD and has a high potential for progression, and the violation of endogenous glycemic regulation and the development of DM2 accelerates the rate of disease progression.</p><p>The goal was to determine the frequency of development of prediabetes (PD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in NASH patients and the effect of impaired glycemic status on the clinical features of NASH.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: 211 NASH patients were examined: 148 (70.1%) men, 63 (29.9%) women, 48.3 ± 10.2 years old. The diagnosis was established on the basis of clinical, laboratory, ultrasound and histological data. By enzyme immunoassay were determined: TNF-α, cytokeratin-18 fragments (CKF-18), insulin; were calculated HOMA-IR and NAFLD fibrosis score (NAFLD FS).</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. PD was detected in 39 (18.5%) patients, T2DM - in 33 (15.6%) patients. In PD patients, in contrast to patients with normoglycemia, the following indicators were significantly higher: waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), cholesterol levels (Ch), LDL, ESR, TNF-α, NAFLD FS and lower albumin and platelet levels. In patients with T2DM, in contrast to those with normoglycemia, the following indicators were significantly higher: WC, BMI, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase (APh), Ch, ESR, CKF-18 and NAFLD FS. In T2DM patients in contrast to those with PD, the following indicators were significantly higher: aminotransferases, APh and lower albumin level.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Prediabetes and T2DM were detected with almost the same frequency among patients with NASH – in 18.5% and 15.6%, respectively. Disturbance of glycemic status was associated with a significance increase in waist circumference, markers of inflammation, dyslipidemia, fibrosis, hepatocytic necrosis, apoptosis, intrahepatic cholestasis and a decrease in albumin level. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неалкогольный стетаогепатит</kwd><kwd>НАЖБП</kwd><kwd>предиабет</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет 2-го типа</kwd><kwd>печень</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nonalcoholic steatohepatitis</kwd><kwd>prediabetes</kwd><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке «Программы развития опорного университета ФГБОУ ВО Петрозаводский государственный университет» на период 2017–2021 гг.– проект «Высокие биомедицинские технологии здоровьесбережения населения в арктической и субарктической зонах», в ходе реализации по проекту «Разработка технологии скрининговой диагностики неалкогольной жировой болезни печени у лиц с избыточным весом и метаболическим синдромом» № 9173ГУ/2015 от 15.12.2015 г. в рамках программы «У. М. Н. И.К.», Петрозаводский государственный университет. Исследование также выполнено в рамках государственного задания (тема № 0218–2019- 0077) на научном оборудовании центра коллективного пользования Федерального исследовательского центра «Карельский научный центр Российской академии наук».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Younossi Z.M., Marchesini G., Pinto-Cortez H., Petta S. Epidemiology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Implications for Liver Transplantation. Transplantation. 2019;103(1):22–27. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000002484.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Younossi Z.M., Marchesini G., Pinto-Cortez H., Petta S. Epidemiology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Implications for Liver Transplantation. Transplantation. 2019;103(1):22–27. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000002484.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ивашкин В.Т., Драпкина О.М., Маев И.В., Трухманов А.С., Блинов Д.В., Пальгова Л.К. и др. Распространенность неалкогольной жировой болезни печени у пациентов амбулаторно-поликлинической практики в Российской Федерации: результаты исследования DIREG 2. Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии. 2015;(6):31–41. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25631462.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivashkin V.T., Drapkina O.M., Mayev I.V., Trukhmanov A.S., Blinov D.V., Palgova L.K. et al. Prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in OutPatients of the Russian Federation: DIREG 2 Study Results. Rossiyskiy zhurnal gastroehnterologii, gepatologii, koloproktologii = Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2015;(6):31–41. (In Russ.) Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25631462.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лазебник Л.Б., Радченко В.Г., Голованова Е.В., Звенигородская Л.А., Конев Ю.В., Селивёрстов П.В. и др. Жировая болезнь печени: клиника, диагностика, лечение (рекомендации для терапевтов, 2-я версия). Терапия. 2017;(3):6–23. Режим доступа: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=29290755.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazebnik L.B., Radchenko V.G., Golovanova E.V., Zvenigorodskaya L.A., Konev Yu.V., Selivyorstov P.V. et al. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Clinic, Diagnostics, Treatment (Guidelines for the Specialists on Internal Medicine, 2nd Version). Terapiya = Therapy. 2017;(3):6–23. (In Russ.) Available at: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=29290755.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ming J., Xu S., Gao B., Liu G., Ji Y., Yang F. et al. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Predicts Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, But Not Prediabetes, in Xi’an, CHINA: A Five-Year Cohort Study. Liver Int. 2015;35(11):2401–2407. doi: 10.1111/liv.12851.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ming J., Xu S., Gao B., Liu G., Ji Y., Yang F. et al. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Predicts Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, But Not Prediabetes, in Xi’an, CHINA: A Five-Year Cohort Study. Liver Int. 2015;35(11):2401–2407. doi: 10.1111/liv.12851.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hazlehurst J.M., Woods C., Marjot T., Cobbold J.F., Tomlinson J.W. NonAlcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes. Metabolism. 2016;65(8):1096– 1108. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2016.01.001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hazlehurst J.M., Woods C., Marjot T., Cobbold J.F., Tomlinson J.W. NonAlcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes. Metabolism. 2016;65(8): 1096–1108. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2016.01.001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mantovani A., Byrne C.D., Bonora E., Targher G. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(2):372–382. doi: 10.2337/dc17-1902.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mantovani A., Byrne C.D., Bonora E., Targher G. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(2):372–382. doi: 10.2337/dc17-1902.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Souto K.P., Meinhardt N.G., Ramos M.J., Ulbrich-Kulkzynski J.M., Stein A.T., Damin D.C. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Different Baseline Glucose Status Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: Analysis of Intraoperative Liver Biopsies and Literature Review. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018;14(1):66–73. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.09.527.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Souto K.P., Meinhardt N.G., Ramos M.J., Ulbrich-Kulkzynski J.M., Stein A.T., Damin D.C. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Different Baseline Glucose Status Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: Analysis of Intraoperative Liver Biopsies and Literature Review. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018;14(1):66–73. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.09.527.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Newton K.P., Hou J., Crimmins N.A., Lavine J.E., Barlow S.E., Xanthakos S.A. et al. Prevalence of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes in Children With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. JAMA Pediatr. 2016;170(10):e161971. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.1971.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Newton K.P., Hou J., Crimmins N.A., Lavine J.E., Barlow S.E., Xanthakos S.A. et al. Prevalence of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes in Children With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. JAMA Pediatr. 2016;170(10):e161971. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.1971.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fan J.G., Li F., Cai X.B., Peng Y.D., Ao Q.H., Gao Y. Effects of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease on the Development of Metabolic Disorders. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;22(7):1086–1091. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2006.04781.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fan J.G., Li F., Cai X.B., Peng Y.D., Ao Q.H., Gao Y. Effects of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease on the Development of Metabolic Disorders. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;22(7):1086–1091. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2006.04781.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bae J.C., Rhee E.J., Lee W.Y., Park S.E., Park C.Y., Oh K.W. et al. Combined Effect of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Impaired Fasting Glucose on the Development of Type 2 Diabetes: A 4-Year Retrospective Longitudinal Study. Diabetes Care. 2011;34(3):727–729. doi: 10.2337/dc10-1991.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bae J.C., Rhee E.J., Lee W.Y., Park S.E., Park C.Y., Oh K.W. et al. Combined Effect of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Impaired Fasting Glucose on the Development of Type 2 Diabetes: A 4-Year Retrospective Longitudinal Study. Diabetes Care. 2011;34(3):727–729. doi: 10.2337/dc10-1991.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wilson M.L. Prediabetes: Beyond the Borderline. Nurs Clin North Am. 2017;52(4):665–677. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2017.07.011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wilson M.L. Prediabetes: Beyond the Borderline. Nurs Clin North Am. 2017;52(4):665–677. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2017.07.011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вульф М.А., Кириенкова Е.В., Скуратовская Д.А., Левада Е.В., Волкова Л.В., Затолокин П.А. и др. Факторы, способствующие развитию неалкогольной жировой болезни печени и инсулинорезистентности при ожирении. Биомедицинская химия. 2018;64(5):444–450. doi: 10.18097/PBMC20186405444.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vulf M.A., Kirienkova E.V., Skuratovskaia D.A., Levada E.V., Volkova L.V., Zatolokin P.A. et al. Factors Governing Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance in Obesity. Biomeditsinskaya khimiya = Biomedical Chemistry (Moscow) Supplement Series B. 2018;64(5):444– 450. doi: 10.18097/PBMC20186405444.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Birkenfeld A.L., Shulman G.I. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Hepatic Insulin Resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes. Hepatology. 2014;59(2):713–723. doi: 10.1002/hep.26672.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Birkenfeld A.L., Shulman G.I. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Hepatic Insulin Resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes. Hepatology. 2014;59(2):713–723. doi: 10.1002/hep.26672.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee J., Cho Y.K., Kang Y.M., Kim H.S., Jung C.H., Kim H.K. et al. The Impact of NAFLD and Waist Circumference Changes on Diabetes Development in Prediabetes Subjects. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):17258. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53947-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee J., Cho Y.K., Kang Y.M., Kim H.S., Jung C.H., Kim H.K. et al. The Impact of NAFLD and Waist Circumference Changes on Diabetes Development in Prediabetes Subjects. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):17258. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53947-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kabootari M., Hasheminia M., Azizi F., Mirbolouk M., Hadaegh F. Change in Glucose Intolerance Status and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2020;19(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s12933-020-01017-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kabootari M., Hasheminia M., Azizi F., Mirbolouk M., Hadaegh F. Change in Glucose Intolerance Status and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2020;19(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s12933-020-01017-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hossain I.A., Akter S., Bhuiyan F.R., Shah M.R., Rahman M.K., Ali L. Subclinical Inflammation in Relation to Insulin Resistance in Prediabetic Subjects with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. BMC Res Notes. 2016;9:266. doi: 10.1186/s13104-016-2071-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hossain I.A., Akter S., Bhuiyan F.R., Shah M.R., Rahman M.K., Ali L. Subclinical Inflammation in Relation to Insulin Resistance in Prediabetic Subjects with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. BMC Res Notes. 2016;9:266. doi: 10.1186/s13104-016-2071-x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yilmaz Y., Senates E., Yesil A., Ergelen R., Colak Y. Not Only Type 2 Diabetes But Also Prediabetes Is Associated with Portal Inflammation and Fibrosis in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Diabetes Complications. 2014;28(3):328–331. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.01.013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yilmaz Y., Senates E., Yesil A., Ergelen R., Colak Y. Not Only Type 2 Diabetes But Also Prediabetes Is Associated with Portal Inflammation and Fibrosis in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Diabetes Complications. 2014;28(3):328–331. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.01.013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bian H., Zhu X., Xia M., Yan H., Chang X., Hu X. et al. Impact of Type 2 Diabetes on Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Advanced Fibrosis in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Endocr Pract. 2020;26(4):444–453. doi: 10.4158/EP-2019-0342.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bian H., Zhu X., Xia M., Yan H., Chang X., Hu X. et al. Impact of Type 2 Diabetes on Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Advanced Fibrosis in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Endocr Pract. 2020;26(4):444–453. doi: 10.4158/EP-2019-0342.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grossmann V., Schmitt V.H., Zeller T., Panova-Noeva M., Schulz A., LaubertReh D. et al. Profile of the Immune and Inflammatory Response in Individuals With Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(7):1356–1364. doi: 10.2337/dc14-3008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grossmann V., Schmitt V.H., Zeller T., Panova-Noeva M., Schulz A., LaubertReh D. et al. Profile of the Immune and Inflammatory Response in Individuals With Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(7):1356–1364. doi: 10.2337/dc14-3008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mertoglu C., Gunay M. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and PlateletLymphocyte Ratio as Useful Predictive Markers of Prediabetes and Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2017;11(1 Suppl.):S127–S131. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2016.12.021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mertoglu C., Gunay M. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio as Useful Predictive Markers of Prediabetes and Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2017;11(1 Suppl.):S127–S131. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2016.12.021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen S.C., Tsai S.P., Jhao J.Y., Jiang W.K., Tsao C.K., Chang L.Y. Liver Fat, Hepatic Enzymes, Alkaline Phosphatase and the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Study of 132,377 Adults. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):4649. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-04631-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen S.C., Tsai S.P., Jhao J.Y., Jiang W.K., Tsao C.K., Chang L.Y. Liver Fat, Hepatic Enzymes, Alkaline Phosphatase and the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Study of 132,377 Adults. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):4649. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-04631-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шиповская А.А., Дуданова О.П. Внутрипеченочный холестаз при неалкогольной жировой болезни печени. Терапевтический архив. 2018;90(2):69–74. doi: 10.26442/terarkh201890269-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shipovskaya A.A., Dudanova O.P. Intrahepatic Cholestasis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Terapevticheskiy arkhiv = Therapeutic Archive. 2018;90(2):69–74. (In Russ.) doi: 10.26442/terarkh201890269-74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagpal S.J., Lopez R., Feldstein A.E., Alkhouri N. Serum Cytokeratin-18 Fragment Levels Predict Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Adult Patients with NAFLD. Liver Int. 2015;35(12):2621. doi: 10.1111/liv.12862.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagpal S.J., Lopez R., Feldstein A.E., Alkhouri N. Serum Cytokeratin-18 Fragment Levels Predict Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Adult Patients with NAFLD. Liver Int. 2015;35(12):2621. doi: 10.1111/liv.12862.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang Y.H., Lin H.C., Hwu D.W., Chang D.M., Lin K.C., Lee Y.J. Elevated Serum Cytokeratin-18 Concentration in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Ann Clin Biochem. 2019;56(1):141–147. doi: 10.1177/0004563218796259.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chang Y.H., Lin H.C., Hwu D.W., Chang D.M., Lin K.C., Lee Y.J. Elevated Serum Cytokeratin-18 Concentration in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Ann Clin Biochem. 2019;56(1):141–147. doi: 10.1177/0004563218796259.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
