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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-6-83-91</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6165</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ОТОРИНОЛАРИНГОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL ISSUES OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фаготерапия при лечении больных респираторной патологией: история, современные аспекты, перспективы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phage therapy in the treatment of patients with respiratory pathology: history, modern aspects, prospects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8617-0179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифорова</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforova</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никифорова Галина Николаевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina N. Nikiforova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases Department, Sklifosovsky Clinical Medicine Institute</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gn_nik_63@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1694-7333</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асриян</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Asriyan</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асриян Гарик Григорьевич, аспирант кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Garik G. Asriyan, Postgraduate Student of the Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases Department, Sklifosovsky Clinical Medicine Institute</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asriyangarikmd@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуркова</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurkova</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гуркова Марина Михайловна, заместитель генерального директора</p><p>107031, Москва, Нижний Кисельный пер., д. 5/23, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina M. Gurkova, Deputy General Director</p><p>5/23, Bldg. 1, Nizhny Kiselny Lane, Moscow, 107031</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mgurkova@micromir.bio</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4506-4599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артамонова</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artamonova</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артамонова Полина Сергеевна, аспирант кафедры болезней уха, горла и носа Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina S. Artamonova, Postgraduate Student of the Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases Department, Sklifosovsky Clinical Medicine Institute</p><p>8, Bldg. 2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polina_lokshina2901@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-производственный центр «Микромир»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research and Production Center “Mikromir”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никифорова Г.Н., Асриян Г.Г., Гуркова М.М., Артамонова П.С., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никифорова Г.Н., Асриян Г.Г., Гуркова М.М., Артамонова П.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikiforova G.N., Asriyan G.G., Gurkova M.M., Artamonova P.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6165">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6165</self-uri><abstract><p>Бактериофаги – вирусы, поражающие бактерии, – крупнейшая из известных групп вирусов, которые в своем строении в основном имеют двуцепочечную геномную ДНК, но среди них также встречаются группы с двуцепочечной РНК и одноцепочечными ДНК и РНК. Общая популяция насчитывает примерно 1031–1032 фагов, они играют важнейшую роль в регуляции мирового количества бактерий. Достаточно сложное и многообразное взаимодействие этих представителей микромира продолжается на протяжении всей истории их существования на нашей планете. Вопрос об использовании бактериофагов в лечении пациентов с различными бактериальными инфекциями до настоящего времени остается в полной мере неизученным. Сама идея применения этих микроорганизмов в терапевтических целях берет свое начало со времен Первой мировой войны, когда французский биолог и исследователь Феликс д’Эрелль открыл особый вид «пожирающих бактерии» вирусов, на основе которых им были созданы препараты для лечения больных дизентерией. На сегодняшний день накоплен достаточно большой клинический опыт использования фаговых препаратов в лечении инфекционно-воспалительных заболеваний респираторного, желудочно-кишечного, урогенитального тракта, а также в терапии и профилактике гнойно-септических процессов и внутрибольничных инфекций. Слизистая оболочка верхних отделов дыхательных путей является первым рубежом защиты организма от различных респираторных патогенов. Возможность бактериофагов прикрепляться к поверхностному слою слизи – муцину, формируя противобактериальную защиту слизистой оболочки и снижая таким образом уровень колонизации слизи бактериальными патогенами, обусловливает их эффективное использование в лечении и профилактике воспалительных заболеваний лор-органов. Благодаря уникальным свойствам бактериофагов, особенностям жизнедеятельности и взаимодействия с бактериальной клеткой их применение представляется перспективным для лечения пациентов с инфекционной патологией верхних отделов дыхательных путей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Bacteriophages - viruses infecting bacteria are the largest known group of viruses, which in their structure mainly have doublestranded genomic DNA, but among them there are also groups with double-stranded RNA and single-stranded DNA and RNA. The total population is about 1031–1032 phages, they play an essential role in the regulation of the world’s number of bacteria. The rather complex and diverse interaction of these representatives of the microcosm continues throughout the history of their existence on our planet. The question of the use of bacteriophages in the treatment of patients with various bacterial infections still remains completely unexplored. The very idea of using these microorganisms for therapeutic purposes dates back to the First World War, when the French biologist and researcher Felix d’Hérelle discovered a special type of «bacteria-eating» viruses, on the basis of which he created drugs for the treatment of patients with dysentery. To date, a fairly large clinical experience has been accumulated in the use of phage preparations in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urogenital tract, as well as in the therapy and prevention of purulent-septic processes and nosocomial infections. The mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract is the first line of defense against various respiratory pathogens. The ability of bacteriophages to attach to the surface layer of mucus - mucin, forming an antibacterial protection of the mucous membrane and thus reducing the level of colonization of mucus by bacterial pathogens, determines their effective use in the treatment and prevention of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Due to certain unique properties of bacteriophages, peculiarities of vital activity and interaction with a bacterial cell, their use seems to be promising for the treatment of patients with infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бактериальные инфекции</kwd><kwd>бактерии</kwd><kwd>бактериофаги</kwd><kwd>антибиотики</kwd><kwd>антибиотикорезистенстность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bacterial infections</kwd><kwd>bacteria</kwd><kwd>bacteriophages</kwd><kwd>antibiotics</kwd><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tikunova N.V., Vlassov V.V. Bacteriophages: The Enemies of Our Enemies. Science first hand. 2013;(3):30–41. 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