<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-8-28-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6195</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ КОЖИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DERMAL DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комбинированная патогенетическая терапия аллергических дерматозов у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Combined pathogenetic therapy of allergic dermatoses in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4401-3722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалева</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovaleva</surname><given-names>J. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ковалева Юлия Сергеевна, д.м.н., заведующий кафедрой дерматовенерологии, косметологии и иммунологии</p><p>656038, Барнаул, проспект Ленина, д. 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Julia S. Kovaleva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Dermatovenereology, Cosmetology and Immunology</p><p>40, Lenin Ave., Barnaul, 656038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">julia_jsk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-0334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зяблицкая</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zyablitskaya</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зяблицкая Надежда Константиновна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры дерматовенерологии, косметологии и иммунологии</p><p>656038, Барнаул, проспект Ленина, д. 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda K. Zyablitskaya, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Dermatovenereology, Cosmetology and Immunology</p><p>40, Lenin Ave., Barnaul, 656038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oceann7@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0665-709X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оробей</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orobei</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оробей Мария Владимировна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры дерматовенерологии, косметологии и иммунологии</p><p>656038, Барнаул, проспект Ленина, д. 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariia V. Orobei, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Dermatovenereology, Cosmetology and Immunology</p><p>40, Lenin Ave., Barnaul, 656038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">orobei77@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5170-3852</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бишевская</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bishevskaya</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бишевская Наталья Константиновна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры пропедевтики детских болезней</p><p>656038, Барнаул, проспект Ленина, д. 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya K. Bishevskaya, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Propaedeuticus of Сhildren Diseases</p><p>40, Lenin Ave., Barnaul, 656038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bish_natasha@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Алтайский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Altay State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ковалева Ю.С., Зяблицкая Н.К., Оробей М.В., Бишевская Н.К., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ковалева Ю.С., Зяблицкая Н.К., Оробей М.В., Бишевская Н.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kovaleva J.S., Zyablitskaya N.K., Orobei M.V., Bishevskaya N.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6195">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6195</self-uri><abstract><p>Аллергодерматозы составляют большую часть аллергических заболеваний кожи в детском возрасте, имеют рецидивирующее течение и существенно нарушают качество жизни пациентов и членов их семей. Дефекты барьерной функции кожи определяют постоянное использование увлажняющих средств, позволяющих удлинить периоды ремиссии и уменьшить потребность в топических лекарственных препаратах. Лечение топическими глюкокортикостероидами (ТГКС) и топическим ингибиторами кальциневрина (ТИК), являющихся основой фармакотерапии, должно проводиться дифференцированно с учетом локализации, стадии и активности воспалительного процесса, площади поражения, возраста ребенка и мультифакторного генеза заболевания. Базовые принципы рациональной местной терапии включают адекватный выбор лекарственного препарата, его концентрации, лекарственной формы, кратности дозирования, длительности применения для получения терапевтического эффекта и минимизации побочных действий. При тяжелом обострении и локализации воспалительных элементов на туловище и конечностях у детей необходимо начинать лечение с ТГКС 2–3-х классов. При локализации процесса на лице и других чувствительных участках кожи (шея и крупные складки) рекомендуется использовать ТГКС 7-го класса или отдавать предпочтение ТИК. Продолжительность непрерывного курса терапии ТГКС у детей зависит от тяжести обострения и не должна превышать 2 нед. Наиболее эффективным способом снизить курсовую стероидную нагрузку и избежать побочных эффектов является раннее и правильное использование ТГКС во время обострения. Преимуществом ТИК по сравнению с ТГКС является низкая частота развития побочных эффектов, отсутствие противопоказания для использования на чувствительных участках кожи, возможность более длительного применения. В статье содержатся отечественные и зарубежные литературные данные об использовании ТГКС и ТИК в лечении аллегодерматозов у детей и собственные клинические наблюдения эффективности использования комбинированной терапии: крема Комфодерм К (метилпреднизолона ацепонат с керамидами в основе, далее – МПА), 0,03%-ной мази такролимус и эмолентного средства – специального крема Сенсадерм с физиологическими липидами омега 3–6–9.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Allergodermatoses make up the majority of allergic skin diseases in childhood, have a recurrent course and significantly disrupt the quality of life of patients and their families. The constant use of emollients, allowing to lengthen periods of remission and reduce the need for topical drugs, is associated with defects in the skin barrier function. Treatment with topical glucocorticosteroids (TCS) and topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCI), which are the basis of pharmacotherapy, should be carried out differentially, taking into account the localization, stage and activity of the inflammatory process, the area of the lesion, the age of the child and the multifactorial genesis of the disease. The basic principles of rational local therapy include the choice of the degree of activity of the drug, its concentration, dosage form, dosage frequency, duration of use to obtain a therapeutic effect and minimize side effects. In case of severe exacerbation and localization of inflammatory elements on the body and limbs in children, it is necessary to start treatment with class 2–3 THCS. When the process is localized on the face and other sensitive areas of the skin (neck and large folds), it is recommended to use class 7 TCS or give preference to TCI. The duration of a continuous course of TCS therapy in children depends on the severity of the exacerbation and should not exceed 2 weeks. The most effective way to reduce the course steroid load and avoid side effects is the early and correct use of TCS during an exacerbation. The advantages of TCI in comparison with TCS are the low incidence of side effects, the absence of contraindications for use on sensitive skin areas, and the possibility of longer use. The article contains Russian and foreign literature data on the use of THCS and TEC in the treatment of allegodermatosis in children and our own clinical observations of the effectiveness of the use of combination therapy: Comfoderm K cream (methylprednisolone aceponate with ceramides in the base), 0.03% tacrolimus ointment and emollient means - special cream Sensoderm with physiological lipids omega 3–6–9.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атопический дерматит</kwd><kwd>контактный аллергический дерматит</kwd><kwd>топические глюкокортикостероиды</kwd><kwd>топические ингибиторы кальциневрина</kwd><kwd>эмоленты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atopic dermatitis</kwd><kwd>allergic contact dermatitis</kwd><kwd>topical glucocorticosteroids</kwd><kwd>topical calcineurin inhibitors</kwd><kwd>emollients</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asher M.I., Montefort S., Björkstén B., Lai C.K., Strachan D.P., Weiland S.K. et al. Worldwide time trends in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in childhood: ISAAC Phases One and Three repeat multicountry cross-sectional surveys. Lancet. 2006;368(9537):733–743. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69283-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asher M.I., Montefort S., Björkstén B., Lai C.K., Strachan D.P., Weiland S.K. et al. Worldwide time trends in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in childhood: ISAAC Phases One and Three repeat multicountry cross-sectional surveys. Lancet. 2006;368(9537):733–743. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69283-0.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Баранов А.А., Кубанова А.А., Ильина Н.И., Курбачёва О.М., Вишнёва Е.А. и др. Атопический дерматит у детей: современные клинические рекомендации по диагностике и терапии. Вопросы современной педиатрии. 2016;15(3):279–294. doi: 10.15690/vsp.v15i3.1566.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Namazova-Baranova L.S., Baranov A.A., Kubanova A.A., Ilina N.I., Kurbacheva O.M., Visneva E.A. et al. Atopic dermatitis in children: current clinical recommendations for diagnosis and therapy. Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii = Current Pediatrics. 2016;15(3):279–294. (In Russ.) doi: 10.15690/vsp.v15i3.1566.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dumycz K., Kunkiel K., Feleszko W. Cosmetics for neonates and infants: haptens in products’ composition. Clin Transl Allergy. 2019;9:15. doi: 10.1186/s13601-019-0257-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dumycz K., Kunkiel K., Feleszko W. Cosmetics for neonates and infants: haptens in products’ composition. Clin Transl Allergy. 2019;9:15. doi: 10.1186/s13601-019-0257-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fontana E., Belloni Fortina A. Allergic contact dermatitis in children. G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2014;149(6):693–701. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25315290/.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fontana E., Belloni Fortina A. Allergic contact dermatitis in children. G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2014;149(6):693–701. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25315290/.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alinaghi F., Bennike N.H., Egeberg A., Thyssen J.P., Johansen J.D. Prevalence of contact allergy in the general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Contact Dermatitis. 2019;80(2):77–85. doi: 10.1111/cod.13119.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alinaghi F., Bennike N.H., Egeberg A., Thyssen J.P., Johansen J.D. Prevalence of contact allergy in the general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Contact Dermatitis. 2019;80(2):77–85. doi: 10.1111/cod.13119.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wollenberg A., Barbarot S., Bieber T., Christen-Zaech S., Deleuran M., Fink-Wagner A. et al. Consensus-based European guidelines for treatment of atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis) in adults and children: part I. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018;32(5):657–682. doi: 10.1111/jdv.14891.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wollenberg A., Barbarot S., Bieber T., Christen-Zaech S., Deleuran M., Fink-Wagner A. et al. Consensus-based European guidelines for treatment of atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis) in adults and children: part I. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018;32(5):657–682. doi: 10.1111/jdv.14891.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oranges T., Dini V., Romanelli M. Skin Physiology of the Neonate and Infant: Clinical Implications. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle). 2015;4(10):587–595. doi: 10.1089/wound.2015.0642.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oranges T., Dini V., Romanelli M. Skin Physiology of the Neonate and Infant: Clinical Implications. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle). 2015;4(10):587–595. doi: 10.1089/wound.2015.0642.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белоусова Т.А., Каиль М.В. Терапевтические возможности наружных глюкокортикостероидов в современной клинической практике. Медицинский совет. 2020;(12):36–45. doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2020-12-36-45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belousova T.A., Kail M.V. Therapeutic possibilities of external glucocorticosteroids in modern clinical practice. Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council. 2020;(12):36–45. (In Russ.) doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2020-12-36-45.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воронина В.Р. Основные подходы к наружной терапии атопического дерматита у детей. Практика педиатра. 2016;(1):54–59. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25448226.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voronina V.R. The main approaches to the external therapy of atopic dermatitis in children. Praktika pediatra = Paediatrician Practice. 2016;(1):54–59. (In Russ.) Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25448226.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сидорович О.И., Цывкина А.А., Абдуллаева Г.Д. Эффективность и безопасность местной терапии атопического дерматита у детей дошкольного и школьного возраста. Медицинский совет. 2020;(12):54–59. doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2020-12-54-59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sidorovich O.I., Tsyvkina A.A., Abdullaeva G.D. The efficacy and safety of local therapy of atopic dermatitis in infants and school-age children. Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council. 2020;(12):54–59. (In Russ.) doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2020-12-54-59.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Камаев А.В., Трусова О.В., Бутырина У.А., Макарова И.В. Повышение эффективности лечения детей с атопическим дерматитом в результате использования комплекса эмолиентов. Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии. 2019;64(3):109–117. doi: 10.21508/1027-4065-2019-64-3-109-117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kamaev A.V., Trusova O.V., Butyrina U.A., Makarova I.V. Improving of the efficacy in children with atopic dermatitis due to emollients complex. Rossiyskiy vestnik perinatologii i pediatrii = Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics. 2019;64(3):109–117. (In Russ.) doi: 10.21508/1027-4065-2019-64-3-109-117.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смолкин Ю.С., Мигачева Н.Б., Смолкина О.Ю. Поддержание ремиссии и профилактика обострений заболевания у детей с атопическим дерматитом. Позиционная статья Ассоциации детских аллергологов и иммунологов России. Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum. 2020;(2):38–45. doi: 10.26442/26586630.2020.2.200149.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smolkin Yu.S., Migacheva N.B., Smolkina O.Yu. Maintenance of remission and prevention of disease flares in children with atopic dermatitis. Position paper of the Association of Children’s Allergists and Immunologists of Russia. Pediatriya. Consilium Medicum = Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum. 2020;(2):38–45. (In Russ.) doi: 10.26442/26586630.2020.2.200149.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смолкин Ю.С., Балаболкин И.И., Горланов И.А., Круглова Л.С., Кудрявцева А.В., Мешкова Р.Я. и др. Согласительный документ АДАИР: атопический дерматит у детей – обновление 2019 (краткая версия). Часть 2. Аллергология и иммунология в педиатрии. 2020;61(2):4–26. doi: 10.24411/2500-1175-2020-10004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smolkin Y.S., Balabolkin I.I., Gorlanov I.A., Kruglova L.S., Kudryavtseva A.V., Meshkova R.Ya. et al. Consensus document APAIR: atopic dermatitis in children – update 2019 (short version). Part 2. Allergologiya i immunologiya v pediatrii = Allergology and Immunology in Pediatrics. 2020;61(2):4–26. (In Russ.) doi: 10.24411/2500-1175-2020-10004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зайцева С.В. Роль эмолентов в патогенетической терапии атопического дерматита у детей. Медицинский совет. 2017;(1):45–50. doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2017-1-45-50.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zaytseva S.V. The role of emollients in pathogenetic therapy of atopic dermatitis in children. Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council. 2017;(1):45–50. (In Russ.) doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2017-1-45-50.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lowe A.J., Leung D.Y.M., Tang M.L.K., Su J.C., Allen K.J. The skin as a target for prevention of the atopic march. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2018;120(2):145–151. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.11.023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lowe A.J., Leung D.Y.M., Tang M.L.K., Su J.C., Allen K.J. The skin as a target for prevention of the atopic march. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2018;120(2):145–151. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.11.023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мурашкин Н.Н., Иванов Р.А., Фёдоров Д.В., Амбарчян Э.Т., Епишев Р.В., Материкин А.И. и др. Роль эмолентов в предотвращении развития аллергических заболеваний на фоне атопического дерматита у детей. Педиатрическая фармакология. 2020;17(4):334–339. doi: 10.15690/pf.v17i4.2160.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murashkin N.N., Ivanov R.A., Fedorov D.V., Ambarchyan E.T., Epishev R.V., Materikin A.I. et al. Role of emollients in prevention of the comorbid allergic diseases development in children with atopic dermatitis. Pediatricheskaya farmakologiya = Pediatric Pharmacology. 2020;17(4): 334–339. (In Russ.) doi: 10.15690/pf.v17i4.2160.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barnes P.J. Molecular mechanisms of corticosteroids in allergic diseases. Allergy. 2001;56(10):928–936. doi: 10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.00001.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barnes P.J. Molecular mechanisms of corticosteroids in allergic diseases. Allergy. 2001;56(10):928–936. doi: 10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.00001.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hengge U.R., Ruzicka T., Schwartz R.A., Cork M.J. Adverse effects of topical glucocorticosteroids. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(1):1–15. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.01.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hengge U.R., Ruzicka T., Schwartz R.A., Cork M.J. Adverse effects of topical glucocorticosteroids. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(1):1–15. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.01.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wollenberg A., Oranje A., Deleuran M., Simon D., Szalai Z., Kunz B. et al. ETFAD/EADV Eczema task force 2015 position paper on diagnosis and treatment of atopic dermatitis in adult and paediatric patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016;30(5):729–747. doi: 10.1111/jdv.13599.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wollenberg A., Oranje A., Deleuran M., Simon D., Szalai Z., Kunz B. et al. ETFAD/EADV Eczema task force 2015 position paper on diagnosis and treatment of atopic dermatitis in adult and paediatric patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016;30(5):729–747. doi: 10.1111/jdv.13599.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wollenberg A., Ehmann L.M. Long term treatment concepts and proactive therapy for atopic eczema. Ann Dermatol. 2012;24(3):253–260. doi: 10.5021/ad.2012.24.3.253.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wollenberg A., Ehmann L.M. Long term treatment concepts and proactive therapy for atopic eczema. Ann Dermatol. 2012;24(3):253–260. doi: 10.5021/ad.2012.24.3.253.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weidinger S., Novak N. Atopic dermatitis. Lancet. 2016;387(10023):1109–1122. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00149-X.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weidinger S., Novak N. Atopic dermatitis. Lancet. 2016;387(10023):1109–1122. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00149-X.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brasch J., Becker D., Aberer W., Bircher A., Kränke B., Jung K. et al. Guideline contact dermatitis: S1-Guidelines of the German Contact Allergy Group (DKG) of the German Dermatology Society (DDG), the Information Network of Dermatological Clinics (IVDK), the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI), the Working Group for Occupational and Environmental Dermatology (ABD) of the DDG, the Medical Association of German Allergologists (AeDA), the Professional Association of German Dermatologists (BVDD) and the DDG. Allergo J Int. 2014;23(4):126–138. doi: 10.1007/s40629-014-0013-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brasch J., Becker D., Aberer W., Bircher A., Kränke B., Jung K. et al. Guideline contact dermatitis: S1-Guidelines of the German Contact Allergy Group (DKG) of the German Dermatology Society (DDG), the Information Network of Dermatological Clinics (IVDK), the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI), the Working Group for Occupational and Environmental Dermatology (ABD) of the DDG, the Medical Association of German Allergologists (AeDA), the Professional Association of German Dermatologists (BVDD) and the DDG. Allergo J Int. 2014;23(4):126–138. doi: 10.1007/s40629-014-0013-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barnes L., Kaya G., Rollason V. Topical corticosteroid-induced skin atrophy: a comprehensive review. Drug Saf. 2015;38(5):493–509. doi: 10.1007/s40264-015-0287-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barnes L., Kaya G., Rollason V. Topical corticosteroid-induced skin atrophy: a comprehensive review. Drug Saf. 2015;38(5):493–509. doi: 10.1007/s40264-015-0287-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">El Hachem M., Gesualdo F., Ricci G., Diociaiuti A., Giraldi L., Ametrano O. et al. Topical corticosteroid phobia in parents of pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis: a multicentre survey. Ital J Pediatr. 2017;43(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s13052-017-0330-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">El Hachem M., Gesualdo F., Ricci G., Diociaiuti A., Giraldi L., Ametrano O. et al. Topical corticosteroid phobia in parents of pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis: a multicentre survey. Ital J Pediatr. 2017;43(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s13052-017-0330-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Y., Han T., Li W., Li Y., Guo X., Zheng L. Awareness of and phobias about topical corticosteroids in parents of infants with eczema in Hangzhou, China. Pediatr Dermatol. 2018;35(4):463–467. doi: 10.1111/pde.13527.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Y., Han T., Li W., Li Y., Guo X., Zheng L. Awareness of and phobias about topical corticosteroids in parents of infants with eczema in Hangzhou, China. Pediatr Dermatol. 2018;35(4):463–467. doi: 10.1111/pde.13527.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дворянкова Е.В. Стероидофобия в дерматологии – современная проблема из прошлого. Вестник дерматологии и венерологии. 2015;91(3):131–134. Режим доступа: https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/151/152</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dvoryankova E.V. Steroidophobia in dermatology – contemporary problem of the past. Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii. 2015;91(3):131–134. (In Russ.) Available at: https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/151/152.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кондратьева Ю.С., Кокина О.А., Ведлер А.А. 15 лет применения такролимуса в дерматологической практике в России и за рубежом. Вестник дерматологии и венерологии. 2016;92(5):63–71. Режим доступа: https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/272/273.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kondrateva Yu.S., Kokina O.A., Vedler A.A. 15 years experience of tacrolimus application in medical practice. Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii. 2016;92(5): 63–71. (In Russ.) Available at: https://vestnikdv.ru/jour/article/view/272/273.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Саверская Е.Н. Современные подходы к наружной терапии чувствительных участков кожи при атопическом дерматите у детей: фокус на топические ингибиторы кальциневрина. Медицинский совет. 2019;(17):156–167. doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2019-17-156-167.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saverskaya E.N. Modern approaches to external therapy of sensitive skin areas in atopic dermatitis in children: focus on topical calcineurin inhibitors. Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council. 2019;(17):156–167. (In Russ.) doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2019-17-156-167.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ханбабян А.Б., Каюмова Л.Н., Кочергин Н.Г. Некоторые аспекты патогенеза и терапии атопического дерматита. Российский журнал кожных и венерических болезней. 2014;(2):17–20. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=21481056.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khanbabyan A.B., Kayumova L.N., Kochergin N.G. Some aspects of the pathogenesis and therapy of atopic dermatitis. Rossiiskii zhurnal kozhnykh i venericheskikh boleznei = Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014;(2):17–20. (In Russ.) Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=21481056.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Балаболкин И.И. Современные аспекты патогенеза и терапии атопического дерматита у детей. Педиатрия. 2015;94(4):177–183. Режим доступа: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=24237478.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balabolkin I.I. Modern aspects of pathogenesis and therapy of atopic dermatitis in children. Pediatria = Pediatrics. 2015;94(4):177–183. (In Russ.) Available at: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=24237478.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смолкин Ю.С., Балаболкни И.И., Горланов И.А., Круглова Л.С., Кудрявцева А.В., Мешкова Р.Я. и др. Согласительный документ Ассоциации детских аллергологов и иммунологов России: атопический дерматит у детей. Режим доступа: https://adair.ru/soglasitelnyy-dokument-assotsiatsii/.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smolkin Yu.S., Balabolkni I.I., Gorlanov I.A., Kruglova L.S., Kudryavtseva A.V., Meshkova R.Ya. et al. Consent document of the Association of Pediatric Allergologists and Immunologists of Russia: Atopic dermatitis in children. (In Russ.) Available at: https://adair.ru/soglasitelnyy-dokument-assotsiatsii/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зайнуллина О.Н., Печкуров Д.В., Тяжева А.А., Хисматуллина З.Р. Атопический дерматит у детей: современные принципы противовоспалительной терапии. Аллергология и иммунология в педиатрии. 2019;(2):12–17. doi: 10.24411/2500-1175-2019-00007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zainullina O.N., Pechkurov D.V., Tyazheva A.A., Hismatullina Z.R. Atopic dermatitis in children: modern principles of anti-inflammatory therapy. Allergologiya i immunologiya v pediatrii = Allergology and Immunology in Paediatrics. 2019;(2):12–17. (In Russ.) doi: 10.24411/2500-1175-2019-00007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eichenfield L.F., Tom W.L., Berger T.G., Krol A., Paller A.S., Schwarzenberger K. et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis, section 2: management and treatment of atopic dermatitis with topical therapies. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;71(1):116–132. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.03.023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eichenfield L.F., Tom W.L., Berger T.G., Krol A., Paller A.S., Schwarzenberger K. et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis, section 2: management and treatment of atopic dermatitis with topical therapies. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;71(1):116–132. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.03.023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sidbury R., Davis D.M., Cohen D.E., Cordoro K.M., Berger T.G., Bergman J.N. et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: Section 4. Prevention of disease flares and use of adjunctive therapies and approaches. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;71(6):1218-1233. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.08.038.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sidbury R., Davis D.M., Cohen D.E., Cordoro K.M., Berger T.G., Bergman J.N. et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: Section 4. Prevention of disease flares and use of adjunctive therapies and approaches. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;71(6):1218-1233. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.08.038.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
