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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-9-76-86</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6250</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОНКОГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONCOGYNECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль иммунотерапии в лечении метастатических и рецидивирующих новообразований женской репродуктивной системы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of immunotherapy in the management of metastatic/recurrent female reproductive system neoplasms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4443-9974</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantsev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Румянцев Алексей Александрович, кандидат медицинских наук, врач-онколог онкологического отделения лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтического) №4 Научно-исследовательского института клинической онкологии имени академика РАН и  РАМН Н.Н. Трапезникова</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey A. Rumyantsev, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Oncologist, Cancer Drug Therapy (Chemotherapeutic) Department No. 4, Trapeznikov Research Institute of Clinical Oncology</p><p>24, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexeymma@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8981-5748</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анохин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anokhin</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анохин Александр Юрьевич, врач-онколог онкологического отделения лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтическое) №4, Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Блохина; аспирант кафедры онкологии, Институт клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского Первого Московского государственного медицинского университета имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 24,</p><p>119435, Москва, ул. Россолимо, д. 11, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr Yu. Anokhin, Postgraduate Student of Oncology Department, Oncologist, Cancer Drug Therapy (Chemotherapeutic) Department No. 4, Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology; Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</p><p>24, Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115478, </p><p>11, Blgd. 2, Rossolimo St., Moscow, 119435</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anokhinaleks@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Блохина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Блохина; &#13;
Институт клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского Первого Московского государственного медицинского университета имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology; &#13;
Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Румянцев А.А., Анохин А.Ю., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Румянцев А.А., Анохин А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rumyantsev A.A., Anokhin A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6250">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6250</self-uri><abstract><p>В 2019 г. такие злокачественные новообразования женской репродуктивной системы, как рак яичников (РЯ), рак тела (РТМ) и шейки матки (РШМ) были диагностированы у 58 860 пациенток, что составляет 17,6% от всех злокачественных опухолей у женщин. Показатели заболеваемости и смертности от этих новообразований в течение последних 10 лет остаются на стабильно высоком уровне. В данной статье проведен подробный обзор текущей доказательной базы по применению различных иммунотерапевтических агентов при таких злокачественных новообразованиях женской репродуктивной системы, как рак тела матки, рак шейки матки и рак яичников. Продемонстрировано, что при рецидивах РЯ единственной нишей для применения иммунотерапии является категория пациенток с наличием в опухоли доказанной микросателлитной нестабильности (MSI), а такой распространенный маркер, как PD-L1, не имеет самостоятельной роли при данном заболевании. При этом MSI встречается приблизительно у 8% пациенток с метастатическим РЯ. Значительно бо́льшая частота встречаемости этого биомаркера – до 25% отмечается при диссеминированном РТМ, MSI-позитивный подтип заболевания характеризуется крайне высокой чувствительностью к иммунотерапии – частота объективного ответа при применении пембролизумаба превышает 50%. При MSI-негативном РТМ доказанной эффективностью обладает комбинация пембролизумаба и ленватиниба. При диссеминированном РШМ, с другой стороны, PD-L1 обладает предиктивной ролью в отношении эффективности иммунотерапии: исследование KEYNOTE-158 продемонстрировало, что около 15% пациенток с предлеченным метастатическим PD-L1-позитивным РШМ достигают длительной ремиссии на фоне иммунотерапии пембролизумабом по сравнению с 0% при PD-L1-негативных опухолях. Одновременно с этим анализ литературных данных показывает, что экспрессия PD-L1 отмечается у ≥ 30% пациенток с распространенным РШМ, что делает целесообразным широкое тестирование пациенток на наличие данного биомаркера.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In 2019 malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system (ovarian cancer, (OC), endometrial carcinoma (EC) and cervical cancer (CC) were diagnosed in 58 860 patients – 17.6% of all malignant tumors in women in Russia. The morbidity and mortality rates from these neoplasms remain high over the past 10 years. This article provides a detailed review of the current evidence base for  the  use of  various immunotherapeutic agents in  mentioned malignant neoplasms. It has been demonstrated that in  relapsed OC (ROC), the  only proved indication for  immunotherapy is tumors with microsatellite instability (MSI), whereas PD-L1 does not have an independent role in this disease. MSI occurs in approximately 8% of patients with metastatic OC. A significantly higher frequency MSI — up to 25% is detected in metastatic EC. MSI-positive subtype of the disease is characterized by an extremely high sensitivity to immunotherapy - the  rate of  objective response with pembrolizumab exceeds 50%. For  MS-stable  EC, the  combination of  pembrolizumab and lenvatinib is an effective therapeutic option. In  advanced CC, on the other hand, PD-L1 has a predictive role for immunotherapy efficacy — the KEYNOTE-158 study showed that about 15% of  patients with extensively pretreated metastatic PD-L1-positive CC can achieve long-term remission with pembrolizumab compared to 0% in PD-L1 negative tumors. Current evidence shows that PD-L1 expression can be observed in ≥ 30% of patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак шейки матки</kwd><kwd>рак тела матки</kwd><kwd>рак эндометрия</kwd><kwd>эндометриальная карцинома</kwd><kwd>рак яичников</kwd><kwd>пембролизумаб</kwd><kwd>ленватиниб</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>MSI</kwd><kwd>PD-L1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cervical cancer</kwd><kwd>uterine cancer</kwd><kwd>endometrial carcinoma</kwd><kwd>ovarian cancer</kwd><kwd>pembrolizumab</kwd><kwd>lenvatinib</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>MSI</kwd><kwd>PD-L1</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каприн А.Д., Старинский В.В., Шахзадова А.О. Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2019 году: заболеваемость и смертность. М.: МНИОИ им. П.А. 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