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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medsovet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский Совет</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-701X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5790</issn><publisher><publisher-name>REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21518/2079-701X-2021-10-94-99</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medsovet-6269</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ПЕРИФЕРИЙНОЙ НЕРВНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Алкогольная полиневропатия. Клинические формы и патогенетически обоснованные подходы к терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alcoholic polyneuropathy. Clinical forms and pathogenetically based approaches to therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9831-8970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бельская</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belskaya</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бельская Галина Николаевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая многопрофильным клинико-диагностическим центром.</p><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, д. 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina N. Belskaya, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the MuLtidiscipLinary CLinicaL Diagnostic Center.</p><p>80, VoLo-koLamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125367</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belskaya@neurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахарова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakharova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сахарова Екатерина Валерьевна - кандидат медицинских наук, врач-невролог многопрофильного клинико-диагностического центра.</p><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, д. 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina V. Sakharova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), NeuroLogist at the MuLtidiscipLinary CLinicaL Diagnostic Center.</p><p>80, VoLokoLamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125367</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">EVSakharova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научный центр неврологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Center of Neurology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>99</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бельская Г.Н., Сахарова Е.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бельская Г.Н., Сахарова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belskaya G.N., Sakharova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6269">https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6269</self-uri><abstract><p>Число случаев алкоголизма в России постепенно снижается, однако все еще заметно влияет на общие показатели здоровья населения. Одно из частых его осложнений - алкогольная полиневропатия. В статье рассматриваются патогенетические механизмы возникновения и развития заболевания, его формы, классификация, клиническая картина. Поражение нервной системы у больных алкоголизмом зависит от частоты употребления алкоголя, дозы, типа напитков, которые употреблялись, недостаточности питания, генетической предрасположенности и индивидуальных особенностей, определяющих уровень алкогольдеги-дрогеназы и альдегиддегидрогеназы. В клинической картине в настоящее время выделяют токсическую форму алкогольной полиневропатии, связанную с непосредственным воздействием токсических метаболитов алкоголя на соматические и вегетативные нервные волокна, тиаминдефицитную, возникающую вследствие дефицита витаминов группы В, и смешанную формы. По скорости развития клинических проявлений выделяют острую форму алкогольной полиневропатии (тиаминдефицитную) и хроническую форму (токсическую). В статье рассматриваются возможности диагностики с использованием современных инструментальных и лабораторных методов исследования, прежде всего электронейромиографии. С помощью этого метода исследования при алкогольной полинейропатии наиболее часто выявляются признаки аксонального повреждения, а при тиаминдефицитной форме возможно определение признаков вторичной демиелинизации. Авторы акцентируют внимание на важности дифференциальной диагностики с другими патологиями. Освещаются современные представления об основных терапевтических стратегиях, варианты лечения пациентов с алкогольной полинейропатией. Терапия пациентов, страдающих алкогольной полинейропатией, включает отказ от злоупотребления алкоголем, нормализацию питания, медикаментозные средства. Для лекарственной терапии используют витамины группы В и антиоксиданты. Препаратом с признанным антиоксидантным эффектом является альфа-липоевая кислота. Разобран клинический случай на основе собственного клинического наблюдения смешанной формы алкогольной полиневропатии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The number of cases of alcoholism in Russia is gradually decreasing, but still significantly affects the overall health indicators of the population. One of its frequent complications is alcoholic polyneuropathy. The article deals with the pathogenetic mechanisms of the occurrence and development of the disease, its forms, classification, and clinical picture. The damage to the nervous system in patients with alcoholism depends on the frequency of alcohol consumption, the dose, the type of drinks that were consumed, malnutrition, genetic predisposition and individual characteristics that determine the level of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. In the clinical picture, a toxic form of alcoholic polyneuropathy is currently distinguished, associated with the direct effect of toxic alcohol metabolites on somatic and autonomic nerve fibers, thiamine deficiency, resulting from a deficiency of B vitamins, and mixed forms. According to the rate of development of clinical manifestations, there are acute forms of alcoholic polyneuropathy (thiamine deficiency) and chronic forms (toxic). The article discusses the possibilities of diagnostics using modern instrumental and laboratory methods of research, primarily electroneuromyography. With the help of this method of investigation, in alcoholic polyneuropathy, signs of axonal damage are most often detected, and in the thiamine-deficient form, it is possible to determine signs of secondary demyelination. The authors emphasize the importance of differential diagnosis with other pathologies. The article highlights the current understanding of the main therapeutic strategies, treatment options for patients with alcoholic polyneuropathy. Therapy of patients suffering from alcoholic polyneuropathy includes refusal of alcohol abuse, normalization of nutrition, medication. For drug therapy, B vitamins and antioxidants are used. The drug with a recognized antioxidant effect is alpha-lipoic acid. A clinical case was analyzed on the basis of our own clinical observation of a mixed form of alcoholic polyneuropathy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алкогольная полиневропатия</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>частота встречаемости</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>классификация</kwd><kwd>клиническая картина</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>а-липоевая кислота</kwd><kwd>витамины группы В</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alcoholic polyneuropathy</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>frequency of occurrence</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>classification</kwd><kwd>clinical picture</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>alpha-lipoic acid</kwd><kwd>B vitamins</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левин О.С. Полиневропатии: Клиническое руководство. 3-е изд., испр. и доп. 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