medsovetМедицинский СоветMeditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council2079-701X2658-5790REMEDIUM GROUP Ltd.10.21518/2079-701X-2021-13-42-49medsovet-6398Research ArticleРепродуктивное здоровье и ВРТReproductive health and ARTСовременные методы экстренной контрацепции: эффективность, безопасность, приемлемостьEmergency contraception methods: efficacy, safety and acceptabilityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8243-5272АбакароваП. Р.AbakarovaP. R.

Абакарова Патимат Рапиевна, к.м.н., научный сотрудник научно-поликлинического отделения

117997, Россия, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4

Patimat R. Abakarova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Research Associate of Research Polyclinic Department

4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997, Russia

p_abakarova@oparina4.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3895-8225ГусаковК. И.GusakovK. I.

Гусаков Кирилл Ильич, к.м.н., научный сотрудник научно-поликлинического отделения

117997, Россия, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4

Kirill I. Gusakov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Research Associate of Research Polyclinic Department

4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997, Russia

kigusakov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2835-6685ДовлетхановаЭ. Р.DovletkhanovaE. R.

Довлетханова Эльмира Робертовна, к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник научно-поликлинического отделения

117997, Россия, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4

Elmira R. Dovletkhanova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Associate of Research Polyclinic Department

4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997, Russia

e_dovletkhanova@oparina4.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2977-9065МежевитиноваЕ. А.MezhevitinovaE. A.

Межевитинова Елена Анатольевна, д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник научно-поликлинического отделения

117997, Россия, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4

Elena A. Mezhevitinova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Lead Research Associate of Research Polyclinic Department

4, Academician Oparin St., Moscow, 117997, Russia

mejevitinova@mail.ruНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. КулаковаРоссияKulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and PerinatologyRussian Federation2021151020210134249Copyright © Абакарова П.Р., Гусаков К.И., Довлетханова Э.Р., Межевитинова Е.А., 20212021Абакарова П.Р., Гусаков К.И., Довлетханова Э.Р., Межевитинова Е.А.Abakarova P.R., Gusakov K.I., Dovletkhanova E.R., Mezhevitinova E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6398

Предотвращение нежелательной беременности, абортов и их осложнений является одной из главных задач медицины, направленной на сохранение репродуктивного здоровья женщин. Наиболее эффективным методом предотвращения нежеланных беременностей и борьбы с абортами является корректное планирование семьи при помощи высокоэффективных методов контрацепции. В настоящее время по-прежнему наблюдается большое количество случаев нежелательной беременности, риск наступления которой не исключает ни один метод контрацепции. Каждая четвертая беременность в мире является незапланированной, более половины из них заканчиваются абортом, который может представлять угрозу жизни и здоровью женщины. В целом более 90% абортов выполняются в связи с нежелательной беременностью. Экстренная контрацепция в настоящее время продолжает занимать важное место в вопросах планирования семьи. Известно, что чем раньше были использованы методы экстренной контрацепции после незащищенного полового акта, тем выше ее эффективность. Существующее разнообразие методов и схем назначения экстренной контрацепции дает возможность индивидуального подхода к их применению. В статье представлены результаты рандомизированных клинических исследований и метаанализов, оценивающих все применяемые в настоящее время методы экстренной контрацепции с точки зрения доказательной медицины. Описаны принципы действия препаратов, их особенности, влияние на репродуктивную систему, приемлемость.

Prevention of unwanted pregnancies, abortions and their complications is one of the major problems of healthcare. The most effective method of unwanted pregnancies prevention is family planning with highly effective contraceptive methods. Currently number of unwanted pregnancies cases is still numerous. Problem of unwanted pregnancy cannot be solved completely with any method of contraception. Every fourth pregnancy in the world is considered as unplanned, more than half of them end in abortion, which can pose a threat to health of the patient. Overall, more than 90% of abortions are performed due to unwanted pregnancies. Emergency contraception continues to play an important role in family planning today. It is known that the effectiveness of emergency contraception decreases with the time after unprotected sex. Today a variety of emergency contraception methods exists, which allows individual approach to specific patient. The article presents the results of randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses evaluating all currently used methods of emergency contraception from the evidence-based point of view. The article also describes drugs specifics, features, and effects on the reproductive system.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.